In this biography of Johann Ernst Gerhard (1621-1668) Asaph Ben-Tov offers a study of a now forgotten yet unusually well documented seventeenth-century orientalist. Gerhard, the son of the famous Lutheran theologian Johann Gerhard, is not a towering figure but rather a fascinating representative of the academic culture of his day, especially of seventeenth-century oriental studies. His extant Nachlassallows a close scrutiny of the life and work of an early modern scholar, focussing on his training, travels, the ambitious Harmonia linguarum orientalium (1647) and other works, and the interests he fostered as a professor of history and theology in Jena. It aims to shed light on the broad and understudied field of oriental studies in seventeenth-century Germany.
Asaph Ben-Tov, PhD (Jerusalem 2007), Habilitation (Erfurt 2019) is the author of Lutheran Humanists and Greek Antiquity (2009) and co-editor (with Yaacov Deutsch and Tamar Herzig) of Knowledge and Religion in Early Modern Europe (2013) and (with Martin Mulsow) of Knowledge and Profanation (2019).
Acknowledgements List of Figures
Introduction: A Biography of a Seventeenth-Century Orientalist: Its Sources and Significance for Understanding Oriental Studies in Early Modern Germany
1 The Making of a Seventeenth-Century Orientalist
â1âFirst Academic Appearances
â2âStudying Oriental Languages
â3âStudying Ethiopic in Jena
â4âCommonplace Learning
2 Early Endeavours
â1âHis Fatherâs Editor
â2âInherited Enemies: The Case of Barthold Nihus
â3âHistory
â4âBiblical Scholarship and Antiquarianism
â5âThe Syriac Bible
3 Harmonia Linguarum Orientalium
â1âGerhard and the Tradition of Harmonic Linguistics
â2âHarmonia Linguarum Orientalium (1647)
â3âSome Immediate Reactions to the Harmonia
â4âFata libelli
4 Travels in the Republic of Letters
â1âAltdorf, Nuremberg, and Regensburg
â2âIter ad mare balticum â A Tour of War-Ravaged Northern Germany (1642)
â3âThe Grand Tour: Itinerarium Belgicum (1650â1651)
5 Professor of History (1652â1655)
â1âCyrus, Athens, Alexander the Great, and the Mirror of Princes
6 Umbra in luce: A Fragmented World History of Religion
â1âProfessor of Theology
â2âThe Armenian, Muscovite, Coptic, and Maronite Churches
â3âArmenia (1665)
â4âThe Muscovites (1665)
â5âThe Copts (1666) and the Maronites (1668)
â6âBeyond Church History
â7âIslam
â8âUmbra in luce (1667)
â9âAn Unexpected Prelude: Justinian von Weltz (1621â1668?) and His Mission to the Heathens
â10âShadow, Light, and Penumbra
â11âChristian Hoffmannâs Umbra in luce (1667)
A Hieroglyphic Farewell
âand Concluding Comments
Appendix: A Selection of Letters to Gerhard from Hiob Ludolf and Johann Zechendorff in the Gerhardina Collection Bibliography Index
All interested in the history of oriental studies and early modern scholarship more broadly, as well as in the history of universities and confessional culture in the Holy Roman Empire.