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Welsh Studies: Language, Linguistics and Literature, Medieval Period

In: The Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies
Author:
Simon Rodway Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth, Wales UK

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Abstract

This is a critical bibliographical survey of academic studies published in 2024 in the area of Welsh Studies.

1 Lexicon

Nicolas Jacobs, ‘Forts and Foxes: Two English Loan-Words in the Book of Taliesin’, Studia Celtica, 58 (2024), 75–84, looks at the English loan-words bwrch ‘perimeter wall or rampart’ and ffoxas ‘foxes’ in the early medieval poem Armes Prydein from the Book of Taliesin.

Anders Richard Jørgensen, ‘Middle Welsh dihynnyon “Fragments, bits of meat” and Breton dienn, Cornish dehen “cream” ’, Studia Celtica Fennica, 20 (2024), 11–22, argues that Middle Welsh dihynnyon means ‘skimmings’, that is, ‘scum and fat from the cooking pot’, rather than ‘bits of meat’, and proposes an etymology connecting it with Breton dienn, Cornish dehen ‘cream’.

2 Morphology

Ben Guy, ‘The Distribution of 3 pl. pres. ind. ‑(h)yn(t) and the Dating of Welsh Prophetic Poetry’, Journal of Celtic Linguistics, 25 (2024), 47–80, examines the distribution of 3 pl. pres. ind. verbal ending ‑(h)yn(t) in medieval Welsh prophetic poetry and its implications for dating.

3 Syntax

Erich Poppe, ‘Thou Sleepest Muche, and Drinkest Often, y Rrain Betheu Yll Dav ynt Elynion i’r Corff: Notes on Relatives in Early Modern Welsh Grammars’, Celtica, 36 (2024), 257–280, looks at similarities in the teaching on the relative clause between the mid-sixteenth-century poetic grammar Pum Llyfr Kerddwriaeth and roughly contemporary grammars of English.

Raphael Sackmann, ‘Out of Scope? Indefinite Nominal Subjects and Objects Preceding the Negative Marker in Middle Welsh’, Studia Celtica Posnanensia, 20 (2024), 242–273, examines Middle Welsh negative clauses in which an indefinite nominal subject ot object precedes a definite negative marker.

Marieke Meelen and David Willis, ‘The Diachrony of Welsh Subject Pronouns’, Studia Celtica Posnaniensia, 9 (2024), 84–111, considers the historical development of subject pronouns in Welsh from the medieval to the modern period.

4 Poets and Poetry

Myriah Williams, ‘The Black Book of Carmarthen and its Owners’, Studia Celtica, 58 (2024), 39–73, looks at the later history of the Black Book of Carmarthen, the earliest extant manuscript of Welsh poetry.

David Callander, ‘Cian, a Elwir Gweinydd Gwawd?’, Studia Celtica, 58 (2024), 85–92, looks again at the epithet of Cian, one of the sixth-century poets mentioned in the Harleian Recension of Historia Brittonum, arguing that it should be interpreted as gweinydd gwawd ‘servant of poetry’ rather than gwenith gwawd ‘wheat of poetry’.

Gruffudd Antur, ‘Rhestr Thomas Williems o Drefriw o Fannau Claddu’r Beirdd’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 135–167, provides discussion and an edition of Thomas Williems’ list of burial places of medieval poets.

Hengerdd

The Gododdin (Y Gododdin): The Contents of the Book of Aneirin (Llyfr Aneirin), ed. A. Bonner and E. Smith (Cambridge: cup, 2024), provides a full text of the poetry in the Book of Aneirin with a new English translation and an extensive introduction.

Myriah Williams, ‘Discussing ymddiddan: The Dialogue Poems of the Black Book of Carmarthen’, North American Journal of Celtic Studies, 8 (2024), 1–48, re-examines the dialogue poetry contained in the Black Book of Carmarthen.

Myriah Williams, ‘Speaking of Dialogue: Ymddiddan Myrddin a Thaliesin Reconsidered’, North American Journal of Celtic Studies, 8 (2024), 71–102, looks at the ‘Dialogue of Myrddin and Taliesin’ from the Black Book of Carmarthen in the light of Williams’ conclusions about the nature of Welsh dialogue poetry.

David Callander, ‘Colli Prydain, Colli’r Byd: “Gwasgargerdd Myrddin” ’, Llên Cymru, 47 (2024), 1–24, examines the early Myrddin poem ‘Gwasgargerdd Myrddin’.

Nicolas Jacobs, ‘Nodiadau Pellach ar Benillion Crefyddol a Moesegol “Englynion y Duad” ’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 13–30, presents further textual and lexicographical notes on a collection of gnomic and moralizing poems from the Middle Ages.

Poets of the Nobility

Eurig Salisbury, ‘Dafydd ap Hywel: Ei Enw, ei Yrfa a’i Gywydd Mawl i Groesoswallt’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 93–123, collects together all we know about the shadowy sixteenth-century poet Dafydd ap Hywel and provides an edition of his one extant poem in praise of Oswestry.

Bleddyn Owen Huws, ‘Thomas Evans, Hendreforfudd, a Dirywiad y Traddodiad Nawdd’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 169–210, considers the request poems of Thomas Evans of Hendreforfudd (fl. 1596–1633) in the context of the decline of patronage for traditional poetry in Wales.

Dafydd Wyn Wiliam, ‘Elin o Lynllifon ym Mhlwyf Llandwrog, Sir Gaernarfon, yn Dod yn Wraig i Uchelwr o Fôn’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 211–218, looks at Elin of Glynllifon (b. c. 1460) and includes an edition of an elegy to her by Gruffudd Llwyd ab Ifan.

Jenny Day, ‘Beuno tŷ Sain Bened: Y Seintiau a Hunaniaeth yn y Canu i’r Abadau’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 55–91, examines poems to abbots in the late medieval period.

Dafydd Wyn Wiliam, ‘Tystiolaeth Beirdd yr Uchelwyr ac Ambell Brydydd Arall am Wŷr Môn yn Ymladd yn Erbyn y Gwyddyl’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 125–133, discusses evidence from late medieval poetry for men of Anglesey fighting in the service of the English Crown in Ireland.

5 Old Welsh

Pietro C. M. Giusteri, ‘ “An Inch of a Thumb” or “a Thumb and an Inch”? A Note on the Old Welsh Glosses on “Weights and Measures” in the Oxoniensis Prior’, Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies, 88 (2024), 47–56, re-examines a difficult gloss from the ‘Weights and Measures’ text.

6 Mabinogion

Eleanor Smith, ‘Baptism, Kinship, and Incest in Math uab Mathonwy’, Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies, 88 (2024), 1–19, looks at strategies by which the children of illicit unions in the Fourth Branch of the Mabinogi are either excluded from or accepted into society.

Judith Watkins, ‘Breuddwyd Rhonabwy: Un Freuddwyd, Dau Ddrych’, Llên Cymru, 47 (2024), 25–52, re-examines the context and purpose of the obscure Arthurian prose text Breuddwyd Rhonabwy.

Kit Treadwell, ‘Maidservant ex machina? Luned/Lunet in Ywain and Gawain and Chwedl Iarlles y Ffynnawn’, Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies, 88 (2024), 69–96, looks at the character of Lunet in the medieval English Arthurian text Ywain and Gawain and her counterpart Luned in the Middle Welsh Chwedl Iarlles y Ffynnon.

7 Law

Sara Elin Roberts, ‘Lewys Glyn Cothi: The Poet and the Law’, Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies, 87 (2024), 59–77, looks at the law texts copied by the fifteenth-century poet Lewys Glyn Cothi.

Gwenno Angharad Elias, ‘ “Ail i neb yn ei ddysg Gymraeg”: Dr Siôn Dafydd Rhys a Chyfraith Hywel’, Studia Celtica, 58 (2024), 93–125, considers the role of Siôn Dafydd Rhys, the antiquary, in the transmission of native Welsh law.

8 Other Prose

Michaela Jacques, Grammar and Poetry in Late Medieval and Early Modern Wales: The Transmission and Reception of the Welsh Bardic Grammars (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2024), examines the development of the Welsh ‘bardic grammars’, texts discussing grammar and metrics, from the earliest examples in the fourteenth century to the dawn of the modern period.

Celeste L. Andrews, ‘ “And they went with Caswallon over the sea after the Cesariaid”: Were There Stories about Caswallon, Julius Caesar, and Fflur in Medieval Wales?’, North American Journal of Celtic Studies, 8 (2024), 165–179, examines the theory that a lost narrative about a love triangle between Caswallon, Julius Caesar, and Fflur underlies references in Trioedd Ynys Prydein.

Celeste L. Andrews, ‘Three Powerful Swineherds of the Island of Britain: The Development and Transmission of Tri gwrddfeichiad Ynys Prydain (TYP 26)’, Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies, 87 (2024), 79–104, traces the development of the triad of the Three Powerful Swineherds.

Clive Hawkins, ‘Head Wounds and the Red Book of Hergest’, Celtica, 36 (2024), 178–192, looks at medical texts relating to the treatment of head wounds in medieval Welsh from the perspective of modern medicine.

Gruffydd Aled Williams, ‘Golwg Arall ar “Flwyddgofnodion Owain Glyndŵr” (Llsgr. Peniarth 135)’, Dwned, 29–30 (2023–2024), 31–53, looks again at the so-called Annals of Owain Glyndŵr in the sixteenth-century manuscript Peniarth 135. He provides an edition and translation of the text in ‘The “Annals of Owen Glyn Dŵr” in Context: The Amplified Blwydyn Eiseu Chronicle in NLW MS Peniarth 135’, Studia Celtica, 58 (2024), 127–167.

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