The insect sector can benefit from applying fermentation technology as a process step at multiple stages. In the first place, fermentation of the (usually plant-based) substrate is comparable to silage applied in traditional animal husbandry and it is already applied in the insect industry. The process can enhance the digestibility of the substrate for insects, or when insects are reared on fermented substrates, their characteristics or those of the residue may be more suited for certain applications. In contrast, fermentation of the insects themselves is less well established. From the few reports available, it appears that optimalisation of the fermentation of insects, an animal-based matrix, is not evident. Fermentation can go in the wrong direction when the process conditions are not properly fined-tuned for the matrix. Nevertheless, insect fermentation deserves further exploration. The few studies available on the topic prove that fermentation can improve their taste, aroma, shelf life, digestibility and/or other characteristics, leading to new applications.
Aksu, T., Baytok, E. and Bolat, D., 2004. Effects of a bacterial silage inoculant on corn silage fermentation and nutrient digestibility. Small Ruminant Research 55(1-3): 249-252.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2003.12.012
Borremans, A, Buβler, S., Sagu, T.S., Rawel, H.M., Schlüter, O. and Van Campenhout, L., 2020a. Effect of blanching plus fermentation on selected functional properties of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) powders. Foods 9(7): 917.https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9070917
Borremans, A., Crauwels, S., Vandeweyer, D., Smets, R., Verreth, C., Van der Borght, M., Lievens, B. and Van Campenhout, L., 2019. Comparison of six commercial meat starter cultures for the fermentation of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) paste. Microorganisms 7: 540.https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110540
Borremans, A., Lenaerts, S., Crauwels, S., Lievens, B. and Van Campenhout, L., 2018. Marination and fermentation of yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor). Food Control 92: 47-52.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.036
Borremans, A., Smets, R. and Van Campenhout, L., 2020b. Fermentation versus meat preservatives to extend the shelf life of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) paste for feed and food applications. Frontiers in Microbiology 11: 1510.https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01510
Cho, H.D., Min, H.J., Won, Y.S., Ahn, H.Y., Cho, Y.S. and Seo, K.I., 2019. Solid state fermentation process withAspergillus kawachii enhances the cancer-suppressive potential of silkworm larva in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 19(1): 241.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2649-7
Cho, J.H., Zhao, H.L., Kim, J.S., Kim, S.H. and Chung, C.H., 2018. Characteristics of fermented seasoning sauces usingTenebrio molitor larvae. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies 45: 186-195.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2017.10.010
De Smet, J., Lenaerts, S., Borremans, A., Scholliers, J., Van der Borght, M. and Van Campenhout, L., 2019. Stability assessment and laboratory scale fermentation of pastes produced on a pilot scale from mealworms (Tenebrio molitor). LWT – Food Science and Technology 102: 113-121.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2018.12.017
Gao, Z., Wang, W., Lu, X., Zhu, F., Liu, W., Wang, X. and Lei, C., 2019. Bioconversion performance and life table of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) on fermented maize straw. Journal of Cleaner Production 230: 974-980.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.074
Howdeshell, T. and Tanaka, T., 2018. Recovery of glucose from dried distiller’s grain with solubles, using combinations of solid-state fermentation and insect culture. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64(10): 706-715.https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0042
Jones, G.M., Larsen, R.E. and Lanning, N.M., 1980. Prediction of silage digestibility and intake by chemical analyses orin vitro fermentation techniques. Journal of Dairy Science 63(4): 579-586.https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82974-2
Klunder, H.C., Wolkers-Rooijackers, J., Korpela, J.M. and Nout, M.J.R., 2012. Microbiological aspects of processing and storage of edible insects. Food Control 26(2): 628-631.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.02.013
Kube, K., Resch, R. and Gierus, M., 2019. EnsilingHermentia illucens larvae for storage purposes. In: Piofcyzk, T. and Schlüter, O. (eds.) Book of abstracts of the INSECTA Congress. 5-6 September 2019. Potsdam, Germany, pp. 102.
'EnsilingHermentia illucens larvae for storage purposes ', () 102.
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Mogodiniyai Kasmaei, K., 2018. Ensiling as a method for storage and processing of black soldier fly larvae for use as animal feed. Research report from the Swedish Energy Agency. Available at:https://www.energimyndigheten.se/forskning-och-innovation/projektdatabas/sokresultat/GetDocument/?ID=108894ad-0a8c-41b8-a119-accea4047c9e&documentName=Scientific_report_EM_rev.pdf.pdf
Mohd-Noor, S.N., Wong, C.Y., Lim, J.W., Mah-Hussin, M.I.A., Uemura, Y., Lam, M.K., Ramli, A., Bashir, M.J.K., Tham, L., 2017. Optimization of self-fermented period of waste coconut endosperm destined to feed black soldier fly larvae in enhancing the lipid and protein yields. Renewable Energy 111: 646-654.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.04.067
Mouritsen, O.G., Duelund, L., Calleja, G. and Frøst, M.B., 2017. Flavour of fermented fish, insect, game, and pea sauces: Garum revisited. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science 9: 16-28.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2017.05.002
Mulyono, M., Yunianto, V.D., Suthama, N. and Sunarti, D., 2019. The effect of fermentation time andTrichoderma levels on digestibility and chemical components of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae. Livestock Research for Rural Development 31: 150.
'The effect of fermentation time andTrichoderma levels on digestibility and chemical components of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae ', in Livestock Research for Rural Development , () 150.
Nafisah, A., Nahrowi, Mutia, R. and Jayanegara, A., 2019. Chemical composition, chitin and cell wall nitrogen content of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae after physical and biological treatment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 546(4): 042028.https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/546/4/042028
Nkosi, B.D., Meeske, R., Langa T. and Thomas, R.S., 2011. Effects of bacterial silage inoculants on whole-crop maize silage fermentation and silage digestibility in rams. South African Journal of Animal Science 41(4): 350-359.https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v41i4.5
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Wong, C.Y., Lim, J.W., Chong, F.K., Lam, M.K., Uemura, Y., Tan, W.N., Bashir, M.J.K., Lam, S.M., Sin, J.C. and Lam, S.S., 2020. Valorization of exo-microbial fermented coconut endosperm waste by black soldier fly larvae for simultaneous biodiesel and protein productions. Environmental Research 185: 109458.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109458
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The insect sector can benefit from applying fermentation technology as a process step at multiple stages. In the first place, fermentation of the (usually plant-based) substrate is comparable to silage applied in traditional animal husbandry and it is already applied in the insect industry. The process can enhance the digestibility of the substrate for insects, or when insects are reared on fermented substrates, their characteristics or those of the residue may be more suited for certain applications. In contrast, fermentation of the insects themselves is less well established. From the few reports available, it appears that optimalisation of the fermentation of insects, an animal-based matrix, is not evident. Fermentation can go in the wrong direction when the process conditions are not properly fined-tuned for the matrix. Nevertheless, insect fermentation deserves further exploration. The few studies available on the topic prove that fermentation can improve their taste, aroma, shelf life, digestibility and/or other characteristics, leading to new applications.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Full Text Views | 1079 | 444 | 27 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 1461 | 544 | 28 |