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Entomophagy has emerged as an alternative and viable source of high-quality animal-derived proteins and fats for livestock production or as a human food supplement. The use of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) as a dietary protein source for animals needs to be hygienically safe. The authors analysed the microbial community structure of the BSFL raised on different diets and investigated the effect of various heat treatments on the bacterial composition through 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. The results revealed that the diet of BSFL could alter the bacterial community structure. However, there are substantial differences in the abundance or diversity of individual bacterial populations. The bacterial community was dominated by four common phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Most of the samples show the presence of some potential foodborne pathogens such asBacillus, Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, andEnterococcus. Furthermore, looking at the microbial community structure of BSFL, the post-harvest heat treatment showed a significant effect on human pathogens when compared to those in the control group without heat treatment.Enterococcus in BSFL raised on soybean curd residues (SCR) diet disappeared after heat treatments in all groups. Moreover,Staphylococcus in BSFL raised on artificial feed (AF) diet disappeared after heat treatment. The heat-treated samples of BSFL reared on SCR, and AF (Group OD22 samples dried in the oven for 22 minutes and at a temperature of 150 °C) had a better influence on the community structure as compared to all heat treatments. This study provides the baseline data on the microbial composition and potential pathogens of BSFL reared on different dietary sources and showed the effect of different heat treatments on the microbial community.
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'Microbial community dynamics during rearing of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) and impact on exploitation potential ' () 8 : 2722 -2717.
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Jeon, H., Park, S., Choi, J., Jeong, G., Lee, S., Choi, Y. and Lee, S., 2011. The intestinal bacterial community in the food waste-reducing larvae ofHermetia illucens. Current Microbiology 62: 1390-1399.
'The intestinal bacterial community in the food waste-reducing larvae ofHermetia illucens ' () 62 Current Microbiology : 1390 -1399.
Jung, J., Heo, A., Park, Y.W., Kim, Y.J., Koh, H. and Park, W., 2014. Gut microbiota ofTenebrio molitor and their response to environmental change. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24: 888-897.
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Klunder, H.C., Wolkers-Rooijackers, J., Korpela, J.M. and Nout, M.J.R., 2012. Microbiological aspects of processing and storage of edible insects. Food Control 26: 628-631.
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Kubo, M.T.K., Érica, S.S., Eduardo, S.F., Pedro, E.D.A., Sébastien, C., Lionel, B., Sudhir, K.S. and Gut, J.A.W., 2020. Non-thermal effects of microwave and ohmic processing on microbial and enzyme inactivation: a critical review. Current Opinion in Food Science,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2020.01.004
Lalander, C., Diener, S., Zurbrügg, C. and Vinnerås, B., 2019. Effects of feedstock on larval development and process efficiency in waste treatment with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). Cleaner Production 208: 211-219.
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Liavata, B., García-Pérez, J.V., Simal, S. and Cárcel, J.A., 2019. Innovative pre-treatments to enhance food drying: a current review. Current Opinion in Food Science 35: 20-26.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2019.12.001
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'Studies on the production trend and quality characteristics of palm grubs in the tropical rainforest zone of Nigeria ' () 8 Journal of Agricultural Technology : 851 -860.
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'Detection of carboxylesterase and esterase activity in culturable gut bacterial flora isolated from diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), from India and its possible role in indoxacarb degradation ' () 47 Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : 327 -336.
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Zheng, L., Hou, Y., Li, W., Yang, S., Li, Q. and Yu, Z., 2013. Exploring the potential of grease from yellow mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) as a novel biodiesel feedstock. Applied Energy 101: 618-662.
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Entomophagy has emerged as an alternative and viable source of high-quality animal-derived proteins and fats for livestock production or as a human food supplement. The use of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) as a dietary protein source for animals needs to be hygienically safe. The authors analysed the microbial community structure of the BSFL raised on different diets and investigated the effect of various heat treatments on the bacterial composition through 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. The results revealed that the diet of BSFL could alter the bacterial community structure. However, there are substantial differences in the abundance or diversity of individual bacterial populations. The bacterial community was dominated by four common phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Most of the samples show the presence of some potential foodborne pathogens such asBacillus, Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, andEnterococcus. Furthermore, looking at the microbial community structure of BSFL, the post-harvest heat treatment showed a significant effect on human pathogens when compared to those in the control group without heat treatment.Enterococcus in BSFL raised on soybean curd residues (SCR) diet disappeared after heat treatments in all groups. Moreover,Staphylococcus in BSFL raised on artificial feed (AF) diet disappeared after heat treatment. The heat-treated samples of BSFL reared on SCR, and AF (Group OD22 samples dried in the oven for 22 minutes and at a temperature of 150 °C) had a better influence on the community structure as compared to all heat treatments. This study provides the baseline data on the microbial composition and potential pathogens of BSFL reared on different dietary sources and showed the effect of different heat treatments on the microbial community.
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