M-13: the Rural Prototype of S-21

Hang Nisay; Anne-Laure Porée; Stéphanie Benzaquen-Gautier

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Chapter 1 M-13: the Rural Prototype of S-21

In: Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum

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Hang Nisay

Hang Nisay
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Anne-Laure Porée

Anne-Laure Porée
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Stéphanie Benzaquen-Gautier

Stéphanie Benzaquen-Gautier
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 27–41

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004536890_003

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Abstract

By focusing on the civil war-era prison M-13, the aims to contribute a better understanding of the history of the Khmer Rouge in the early 1970s. M-13 was located in Kampong Chhnang province (about 100 km northwest of Phnom Penh), at the time a ‘liberated’ zone under Khmer Rouge control. Between 1971 to 1975, ‘enemies’ were detained, tortured, and possibly killed after interrogation there. M-13 is key to demonstrating that S-21 victims were not a by-product of the Democratic Kampuchea regime, but a deliberate policy of Khmer Rouge before they over Phnom Penh. The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) produced the first study of M-13 in 2003, however not a detailed one. In 2009, the case of M-13 was also raised by the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) in the trial of Kaing Guek Eav alias Duch, who had been M-13 commander. Yet, the information given during the hearings was confusing. The chapter combines historical and archaeological methods. It presents the three major steps of the research project on M-13 carried out by the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum in collaboration with academic partners from Australia. Firstly, it describes the difficulties in finding the location of the prison. Secondly, it provides a tentative mapping of the site. Lastly, it explores the continuities between M-13 and S-21. The chapter uses a wide range of sources, including articles, books, ECCC records, and the materials coming from field research (interviews with the local community and former detainees and staff of M-13, site exploration, archaeological investigation).

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Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum

A Multifaceted History of Khmer Rouge Crimes

Series: Brill's Southeast Asian Library, Volume: 13

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004536890

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 09 Apr 2024

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Chapter 1 M-13: the Rural Prototype of S-21

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Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum

A Multifaceted History of Khmer Rouge Crimes

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