The Renegotiation of Social Policy in Kosovo: Gradual Institutional Change since Independence

Artan Mustafa; PÃ«llumb Ãollaku

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Chapter 5 The Renegotiation of Social Policy in Kosovo: Gradual Institutional Change since Independence

In: Social Security in the Balkans â Volume 3

Authors:

Artan Mustafa

Artan Mustafa
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PÃ«llumb Ãollaku

PÃ«llumb Ãollaku
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 127â161

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004500068_007

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Abstract

This chapter explores institutional change in Kosovo since its declaration of independence by focusing on three main social policy sectors: social insurance, poverty protection, and employment and wage protection. The methodological framework for this study is based on two branches of institutional change theory: the first emphasizes the role of political parties and coalitions in influencing change, while the second points to incremental endogenous and multi-factored change. Data for this study were collected from public policy reform documents, social indicators, and public events in order to theorize about the directionality and meaning of the observed changes. Existing research on post-socialist trajectories in south-eastern Europe shows that international organizations such as the World Bank played a leading role in social policy formation during the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK, from 1999), which fully administered the territory following NATOâs military intervention that ended the war (1998â1999) between the Albanian majority population and the Government of Yugoslavia. Due to this foreign influence, Kosovo established the most radical pro-market social policy among the former entities of socialist Yugoslavia. However, since Kosovoâs declaration of independence, two forms of active institutional change have taken place: (i) significant short-term layering in the form of categorical rights, and recently (ii) changes that have a longer-term relevance oriented towards installing social insurance, strengthening employment and wage protection, and poverty protection. The research has indicated that, in addition to other factors, these changes were influenced crucially by state institutional characteristics, political parties that were created by the former Kosovo Liberation Army leadership, and recently the left leaning parties. Cumulatively, the changes amount to a significant transformation from a âcaricatureâ of residual, liberal policy to a government-finance dominated social protection with clientelistic features, and potentially to a mixture of government financed redistribution, social insurance and private market solutions.

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Social Security in the Balkans â Volume 3

An Overview of Social Policy in Serbia and Kosovo

Series:Â Studies in Critical Social Sciences, Volume: 210

Cover Social Security in the Balkans â Volume 3

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004500068

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 04 Aug 2022

Subjects
- Social Sciences

Front Matter

Part 1 Social Security in Serbia

Part 2 Social Security in Kosovo

Part 3 Conclusion

Back Matter

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Chapter 5 The Renegotiation of Social Policy in Kosovo: Gradual Institutional Change since Independence

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Social Security in the Balkans â Volume 3

An Overview of Social Policy in Serbia and Kosovo

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Social Security in the Balkans â Volume 3