The comparative measurement of animal welfare: cumulative time in pain as a universal metric with biological meaning

In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Assessment of Animal Welfare at the Farm and Group Level
Authors:
Cynthia Schuck-Paim Welfare Footprint Project, Aguilas, 30889, Spain; cynthia@welfarefootprint.org

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and
Wladimir J. Alonso Welfare Footprint Project, Aguilas, 30889, Spain; cynthia@welfarefootprint.org

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