This book assesses whether the implementation of transborder interoperable solutions aligns with the European Union's standards and rules on personal data transfer. It specifically examines the principles and values enshrined in the founding Treaties that steer the EUâs external activities as a global actor. It will help you understand the privacy and data protection standards the EU must uphold when pursuing its objectives of freedom, security, and justice externally. Youâll learn about the limits on the processing of personal data by large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security, and justice, and explore the full scope of the 2019 interoperability regulations, n. 817 and 818. Also, the volume offers a series of diagrams, tables, and figures that will make your reading as smooth as possible.
Francesca Tassinari>, Ph.D. (2022), is a research fellow at the Public Law Department of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) working on sensitive and big data from an international law perspective. As a lawyer, she served the Digital Schengen Unit of the European Commission during 2020-2021 and 2022-2023.
Preface
List of Illustrations
Abbreviations
The External Reach of Interoperability in the European Unionâs Area of Freedom, Security and Justice An Introduction
â1âBackground
â2âObjective and Research Questions
â3âLegal Framework
â4âPreliminary Remarks
â5âPrevious Studies and Current Situation
â6âMethodology
â7âStructure
part 1 1âThe Elaboration of Data Protection Standards in International Privacy Law The European Human-Centric Approach to Digital Technology
â1âIntroduction
â2âThe United Nationsâ Delayed, Soft Response to Technology Challenges
â3âThe Right to Respect for Private and Family Life and the Council of Europeâs Convention 108
â3.1âThe Scope of Convention 108 and Its Regime on Transborder Data Flows
â3.2âIt is Time to Modernise Convention 108: Convention 108+
â4âOther Soft, Privacy Law Frameworks: Privacy Interoperability
â5âConclusion
2âThe European Union as a Normative Power in the Field of Personal Data Protection A New Reading of the European Unionâs Regime on Personal Data Transfers
â1âIntroduction
â2âA Non-European Unionâs Competence on the Protection of Personal Data
â2.1âThe European Communityâs Data Protection Directive
â2.2âThe European Unionâs Data Protection Framework Decision
â3âA European Unionâs Fundamental (Human?) Right to the Protection of Personal Data
â3.1âData Protection as a New Supranational Fundamental Right under Unionâs Law
â3.2âThe Codification of Principles and Rights to Protect Personal Data (and their Limits) in the European Union
â4âThe Provision of a European Unionâs Competence Based on Article 16(2) of the tfeu
â4.1âThe Characteristics of the Unionâs Competence Based on Article 16(2) of the tfeu
â4.2âThe European Unionâs External (Implied) Competence Based on Article 16(2) of the tfeu
â5âConclusion
3âThe European Unionâs Clause on Privacy and Data Protection in International Agreements Conditioning Personal Data Transfers to the European Unionâs Human Rights System
â1âIntroduction
â2âThe European Unionâs Association Agreements
â2.1âThe European Unionâs Stabilisation and Association Agreements
â2.2âThe Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements
â2.3âOther European Unionâs Association Agreements
â3âThe European Unionâs Cooperation Agreements
â3.1âThe European Unionâs Trade Agreements
â3.2âTrade and Cooperation Agreements
â3.3âPartnership and Cooperation Agreements
â3.4âCooperation and Development Agreements
â3.5âTrade, Development, and Cooperation Agreements
â3.6âEconomic Partnership, Political Coordination, and Cooperation Agreements
â4âThe Clause on Data Protection in the European Unionâs Freedom, Security and Justice Agreements
â4.1âThe European Unionâs Agreements on Migration, Asylum, and Visa
â4.2âThe European Unionâs Agreements on Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters
â5âConclusion
Part 2 4âThe Processing of Personal Data within the European Unionâs Large-Scale it Systems Weighting Data Protection Rights in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
â1âIntroduction
â2âThe Schengen Information System (sis)
â2.1âFrom the First to the Second Generation of the sis
â2.2âA âSecondâ Second Generation of the sis
â4âThe Visa Information System (vis)
â4.1âThe vis Regulation
â4.2âThe vis lea Decision
â4.3âThe vis Revised Regulation
â5âThe Entry/Exit System (ees)
â5.1âThe 2008 Proposals on the ees and the Registered Traveller Programme
â5.2âThe 2017 Regulation on the Establishment of the ees
â6âThe European Travel Information and Authorisation System (etias)
â6.1âThe Choice of the Correct Legal Basis
â6.2âThe Categories of Personal Data
â6.3âThe Rules on the Protection of Personal Data
â6.4âThe Procedure for Issuing a European Travel Authorisation
â7âThe European Criminal Records Information System for Third-Country Nationals (ecris-tcn)
â7.1âThe European Information System on Criminal Records (ecris)
â7.2âThe ecris-tcn Regulation
â8âConclusion
5âThe Interoperability between Large-Scale it Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice Context, Content, and Purposes of Regulations (EU) 817 and 818 of 2019
â1âIntroduction
â2âHistorical Background
â2.1âInteroperability in the Aftermath of 11-S
â2.2âThe Adoption of the Interoperability Package
â3âThe Range of the Interoperability Framework
â3.1âInteroperability in-between the Schengen Acquis and the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
â3.2âA New it Infrastructure for Large-Scale it Systems: The Interoperabilityâs Components
â3.3âInteroperabilityâs Own Objectives
6âGlobal Interoperability for the European Unionâs Freedom, Security and Justice Purposes Sharing Personal Data Stored in, Processed, or Accessed by the Interoperability Components
â1âIntroduction
â2âGlobal Interoperability in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
â3âThe External Dimension of Large-Scale it Systems
â3.1âThe Communication of Personal Data for Borders, Visas, Asylum, and Migration Purposes
â3.2âThe Communication of Personal Data for Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters Purposes
â4âThe Processing of Personal Data, Including Its Transfer, by Europol
â4.1âThe Europol Information System
â4.2âThe Transfer of Personal Data through the Europolâs Operational Agreements
â4.3âThe Transfer of Personal Data through Adequacy Decisions, International Agreements, and Administrative Arrangements
â4.4âThe Exchange of Personal Data with Private Parties
â5âInteroperability with Interpolâs Databases
â5.1âIssues Stemming from Interpolâs Red Notices
â5.2âConsultation of Interpolâs Databases
â5.3âToward a Cooperation Agreement between the European Union and Interpol
â6âConclusion
âConclusions
References
Index
This not-to-be-missed book is for academics, professionals, and practitioners who wish to know the legal concerns raised by the European Union freedom, security and justice interoperability framework.