Index
Abdulhalik, Mustafa
52, 69, 81
Abdulhamid II
140
Abdullah Pasha
82
Abdullahad, Nuri
81
Adabazar
79, 110, 115–116, 169, 178
Adana
70, 76–77, 85, 88, 91, 115, 132, 138–139, 163, 170–171, 179
Afion Garahisar
133, 171, 180
Agedat
171;
Eghedat
Ain Ghazel River
119
Aivazian, Hagop (Dikran)
108
Aivazovsky
108
Akçura, Yusuf
36, 38, 40
Ak-Dagh-Maden
163
Akhalkalaki
168
Akhlat
197
Akn
70, 82, 134, 163, 178;
Egin
Alaja
109
Alajajyan, Sirena
125
Alashkert
134, 181
Albanian(s)
48, 102
Alboyadjyan, Harutyun
71, 84, 89
Alekian (Zarzorian), Dshkhuhi
200
Alemdar (newspaper)
147
Aleppo Rescue Home
111, 123, 192, 198
Aleppo
vii, ix, 51–52, 55, 68–70, 73–78, 80–81, 84–85, 91–92, 108, 110–113, 132, 136–137, 139–140, 155, 163, 170, 179, 194
Alexandrapol (Gyumri)
133, 168
Alpoyadjian, Arshak
154
Amasia
79, 194
Amatian (Amatuni), Garegin
100
American Red Cross
xiii, 91, 107–108
Amman
115
Aneze
133, 171, 181;
Eneze
Angora
132, 169, 171, 178
Anjrdi
100
Ankara
70, 78
Antonian, Aram
81–82
Antoura
x, xiii, 70–76, 84, 87–91, 105
Arabization
xii, 100, 108, 115, 123
Arapkir/Arabkir
83, 100, 112, 147, 163, 178
Armash
77–78, 163
Armenia, Soviet Republic of
155, 158
Armenia, the Republic of
155, 158, 168
Armenian Apostolic Church
77, 103
Armenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU)
153, 154, 157, 163, 170, 179
Armenian Genocide Memorial
191
Armenian National Delegation
157–158
Armenian National Rescue Committee
138
Armenian Orphan Relief
91, 152
Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
xii–xiii, 79, 89, 132–133, 135–136, 142–146, 148, 151, 153–154, 156–159
Armenian Question
xiii, 151, 154–155
Armenian Red Cross
162, 169–170
Aryan race
20, 31
Ashiret(s)
125, 171, 181;
Eshiret(s)
;
Tribe(s)
Ashkharova
103
Ashtarak
168
Asia Minor
131–134, 155
Aslanian, Azniv
198
Assyrian(s)
29, 35, 99
Atif Bey
78
Australia
6–8
Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission
2
Austria
191
Avian Der-Aivazyan, Steven James
108
Azizie
163, 179
Azmi, Djemal
57
Bab
49, 110
Baberd
103
Babi Djauz
123
Bagdad
170
Bahdjedjik
178
Bakir Maden
118
Baku
169
Bakuba
170
Balikeser/Balikesir
79, 85, 115, 133, 171, 180
Balkan Wars
29, 40, 41, 47
Balou
110
Banian, Garnik
76, 84, 87, 89
Barton, Clara
191
Bastinado
55;
Falakha
Batoum
169
Bedri Bey
108
Beirut
70–71, 111, 132, 136, 179
Bekir, Mohamed
84
Bektashi
101
Benedict XV, Pope
191
Bergfeld, Heinrich
49–50
Berri
85
Biological genocide
12, 15–17, 21–23
Biorn, Bodil Katharine
191
Bitlis
54, 72, 133–134, 148, 172, 180, 195–200
Blood tax
77, 99, 102, 104–105;
Devshirme
Boarding school
7–8, 56
Boghazlian
153, 163, 178
Boghosian, Aghavni
110
Bolou
133, 171, 180
Borghum (Borjomi)
168
Borzecki, Konstantyn (Mustafa Celâleddin Pasha)
34
Boulanik/Bulanik
134, 181, 196–197
British Army
107
Broussa
163, 169, 171, 178;
Bursa
Bryce, James
191
Büge, Eugen
76
Bulgarian(s)
40, 44, 99, 102
Bull, Hedwig
191
Bursa
132–133;
Broussa
Byurat, Vaghinak
112
Caesarea
145, 169, 171–172, 178, 180;
Kesaria/Kayseri
Cahun, Léon
34, 36, 46
Cairo
37, 45, 170
Cambodian genocide
32
Caucasus
36, 141, 155, 158, 169
Central Asia
13, 33–35
Central Committee of Deportees
152
Chakirian, Arakel
89, 135, 137–139, 143
Char Kishla
181
Char-Gishlar
109
Charshaf
118
Chatakli
168
Chay
115
Chechen(s)
106, 116–117, 133, 171, 181, 194
Chendereli, Kara Khalil
101
Chermik
46, 111
Chetin, Fethiye
110–111
Children of the Open Road
8
Chitchian, Hampartzoum
85
Chomakhlu
71
Chorbaji
101
Chorbadjian, Smpat
109
Chork Marzpan
116
Chorroom
109
Cilicia
76, 89, 91, 141, 155, 170
Circumcision
86, 93, 108, 114–115, 119–121, 124
Civil War in Greece
10, 13
Commission of Enquiry for the Protection of Women and Children in the Near East
156
Committee of Union and Progress/CUP
xi, 29, 31, 34–36, 38, 40, 42, 44–48, 50, 52, 58–59, 68, 78, 146,
Young Turk(s)
Constantinople
vii, xii, 32–36, 42, 50–53, 59, 68, 74, 76, 79, 81, 83–84, 86, 88–89, 91–92, 100, 102–104, 132–133, 135–148, 151–154, 162, 169, 171, 179, 181;
Istanbul
Cross
93, 112, 117, 123–124
Cultural genocide
12, 15–17, 21, 23
CUP Central Committee
47–48, 147
Cushman, Emma
144, 156
Cyprus
132, 155, 170, 179–180
Dahalayse
200
Damascus
vii, 51, 68, 71, 75, 79–80, 91, 109, 115, 170
Dara Chichag
168
Dashlie
123
Davidian, David
108
Davis, Leslie
83
Davul-zurna [drum and zurna]
116, 119
de Gobineau, Arthur
30–31, 33, 41
Deir ez-Zor/Der-Zor
49, 53, 71, 72, 81–82, 123–125, 171, 181, 192
Delijan
168
Deliosmanli, Hovhannes
104
Denmark
191
Deq
125;
Haji(s)
;
Tattoo(s)
Der Yeghiayan, Zaven
xiii, 53, 78, 135, 137, 145, 151, 154–157, 167, 177
Deraa
71, 84
Derarian, Vahan
198
Derjan
103, 136
Derjantsi, Maghakia archimandrite
103
Dersim
55
Devshirme/Devşirme
xii, 12, 78, 99–105
Diarbekir/Diyarbekir
vii, 36, 46, 51, 54, 69–70, 111, 132–133, 136, 144, 148, 153, 169, 172, 178, 180;
Tigranakert
Dilvarian, Poghos
85
Dinamo Hasan İzzettin
80
Directorate of Settlement of Tribes and Refugees
47–48, 51, 67–68, 143
Dishdishian, Hovakim
119, 124–125
Divrig
198;
Tivrik
Djagadamart (newspaper)
79, 147
Djeliloglou
168
Djemal, Ahmed Pasha
ix, 47, 57, 72–73, 75–76, 88
Djemil Bey
78
Djevdet, Abdullah
36–37, 43, 45
Djibar/Djibour
171, 181
Dolmabahçe Palace
86
Durkheim, Émile
46
Dyortyol/Dort Yol
116, 154, 163, 170, 179
Dzadurian, Bedros
115, 124
Dzarugian, Elise
123
Edib (also Edip), Halide
38, 40, 44, 72–73, 75, 104–105, 142, 148
Edirne
196, 201
Efkere
79
Egin
70, 82, 134, 181
Egypt
91, 108, 132, 155, 179–180
Eghedat
181;
Agedat
Ejmiadzin
168
Ekinozou
110
El-Ghosein, Fayez
191
Elisabethpol
169
Elliott, Mabel Evelyn
143
El-Mendevut
119
Emin Bey
111–112
Eneze/Enez
123, 125;
Aneze
Entente
133, 141, 143
Enver, Ismail Pasha
43, 47, 53, 68, 70, 88, 142, 151, 154–155
Ergani-Maden
110
Erivan
168;
Yerevan
Erzerum/Erzeroum
69, 77, 112, 123, 133, 136, 172, 180;
Karin
Erzindjan/Erzincan
133–134, 136, 181
Eshiret(s)
123;
Tribe(s), Ashiret(s)
Eskishehir
133, 171, 180
Estonia
10, 191
Eudokia
163
Eugenics
58
Falakha
55, 87;
Bastinado
Fellah(s)
125
Fevzi Pasha
86
Fla
116;
Giavour; Kafir
Forced marriage(s)
59, 109, 126, 203–204
Foundation Dolci
169
France
111, 191
France, Anatole
191
Frazer, James George
113
Free labor (slave labor)
49, 56
Galatia
153, 163
Galstian, Hakob Rev.
197
Gamarlou
168
Garmudj
195
Gavur115; Giavour
;
Kafir
;
Fla
Gchigian (Arakelian), Levon
114
Gemerek
134
Genç Kalemler (journal)
39, 41
Genghis Khan
13, 36, 38
Georgia
133, 155, 168–169, 179–180
Germanization
4, 9, 20–22
Germany
9, 14, 19, 191, 202
Ghadi
118
Ghandilian Sharoyan, Gabriel
200
Ghazarian, Shakè
110
Giavour (Infidel)
112, 115–117, 121–124
Gilichian, Khoren
84, 86, 92
Girason/Giresun /Kerasun
82, 134, 163, 181
Gogmanian, Mariam
82
Gökalp, Ziya
36, 38, 40, 46, 146
Goms
200
Gorrini, Giacomo
191
Granian, Hmayeak
158
Great Britain
xi, 2, 191
Greek(s)
10, 13–14, 17, 29, 35, 40, 48, 99, 102, 141, 145–147
Greiser, Arthur
22
Grigorian, Mari
77, 85, 87
Gumushhane
134, 181
Gurin
194;
Kyurin
Guyau, Jean-Marie
45
Guyumchian-Derderian, Maritsa
111
Gyavash
194, 198–199
Hadisat (newspaper)
146–147
Hadjin
154, 163, 170
Haght
199
Haji Bektash
101
Haji Zekiye
110
Haji(s)
125;
Tattoo(s)
;
Deq
Hak din (Turk. True religion, i.e., Islam)
108, 122
Hamazasp, commander
199
Hamidian massacres
105
Hamma
75–76
Hamshen
103
Hamzasheikh
196
Haram
119
Harbiye Mektebi
84
Harem
14, 106, 111–112, 131, 147
Harounie
170
Harpout
132–134, 169, 171–172, 178, 180;
Kharberd
Havav
110
Hay Gnduni
79
Haydar Pasha
79
Hazroyan, Mkhitar
199
Herian, Ruben
93
Hoffmann, Herman
74
Hoghe
195
Hoja
108–109, 114, 118, 140;
Khoja
Holocaust
x, xiii, 32, 186–188, 190, 192, 202
Hovannisian, Richard
185, 192–193
Hovhannisian, Movses
199
Hürriyet (newspaper)
33
Husenik
114
Hüseynzade, Ali
36, 40
Ibn el Sheikh Isa
125
Ichmeh
120
Igdir
168
Ileri (newspaper)
145–147
Inazo, Nitobe
155
Indigenous children (also: native, aboriginal)
2, 6–8
Injearabian, Babken
109, 121
International Criminal Court
3–5
International Law Commission
5, 15
International Law Commission’s Commentary on the Draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind
3
International Save the Children Fund
155, 158, 164
Iraq
191
Irfat Effendi
114
Islam
14, 33, 38, 49–50, 56–57, 74, 76–78, 84–86, 101–102, 105–106, 108–109, 111–113, 115, 121, 124–125, 131, 138, 186–187, 199–200, 203
Ismit
132–133, 136, 143;
Izmidt
Israel, State of
188
Istanbul
68, 70;
Constantinople
Italy
191
Izmidt/Ismidt
163, 169, 171, 178, 180;
Ismit
Izmir
79, 163;
Smyrna
Jacobsen, Maria
191
Janissary
12, 77, 101–104
Japan (also Japanese)
31, 37–38, 43, 45
Jeppe, Karen
111, 123, 156, 191
Jesus Christ
86, 112, 123–125
Jew(s)
10, 13, 32, 48, 186, 188–189, 202
Johansson, Alma
191
Joppin, Emile
84
Jordan
71, 115
Kafir
116–117
Giavour
Kakarlu
197
Kamakh
103
Kamil, Mahmud
50–51
Kanakin (Kanaker)
168
Kara kilis
168
Karapetyan, Hovhannes
116
Karchkan
198
Karghin
180
Karin
112;
Erzerum/Erzeroum
Karkar
199
Kars
168
Kassabian, Isguhi
113–114
Kastamonu, Kastamouni
133, 171
Katarian, Heranush
110
Katma
115
Kazan
37
Kelkit
134
Kemah/Kemakh
134, 181
Kemerek
180
Kennedy, William
135, 142, 156
Kerpetili
116
Kesaria/Kayseri
70, 79, 92, 108, 132, 134–135, 138, 163
Keskin
163, 178
Kghi/Kighi
54, 134, 181
Khabur
123
Khalet, Moro-Oghli
197
Khapian
196
Kharberd
vii, 51, 54, 70, 78, 83, 114, 120, 133–134, 163, 195;
Harpout
Khardalian, Suzanne
125
Kharji
102
Kharni
108
Khinous/Khnus
134, 181
Khlat
198
Khndzorgin
198
Khoja
86, 114, 124;
Hoja
Khulig
197
Khundakchian Tigran, Rev.
75
Khzma
125
Kiernan, Ben
32
Kilis
115
Kiresoun
163, 181
Kirkit
181
Kir-Shehir
163, 178
Kirve
115, 120, 124
Konia
69, 75, 78–79, 132, 146, 163, 169, 171, 178, 180
Kourdoglu
168
Kress von Kressenstein, Friedrich
55
Kuciukian, Pietro
187
Künzler, Jakob
191
Kurdification
xii, 100, 108, 116–117, 119–120, 199
Kuyumdjian, Harutyun
196
Kyurin
111;
Gurin
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste
45
Lausanne Peace Conference
157
Le Bon, Gustave
31, 37
League of Nations
viii, 88, 133–134, 137, 142–144, 155–158
Lebanon
72–73, 75, 88–89, 91
Lebensborn
9–10, 19
Lemkin, Rafael
xi, 11–16, 21–23
Lepsius, Johannes
79, 191
Lord Mayor’s Fund
157, 168–170
Lullaby
44, 106–107
Lusinian, Toros
90
Maan
115
Macartney, Carlyle
157
Maden
110, 112
Main Directorate of Racial and Settlement Affairs of the SS
19
Maksudyan, Nazan
viii, 143
Malatia
54–56, 72, 83, 133–134, 163, 180
Mamahatun/Mamakhatoun
134, 180
Mamuret-ul-Aziz
69
Mansurie
123
Mantashyan, Aram
56, 121
Manukian, Melo
198
Marash
71, 109, 163, 170
Marashian, Khanume
124
Mardin
54, 70, 72, 77, 85–87, 88, 91, 133, 137, 153, 169, 172, 180
Marsovan/Marzvan
79, 134, 178, 180
Mary, Holy Virgin
125
Melikian, Avetis
195
Menteshe, Halil
144
Meohtedi
111
Merdanian, Boghos
84
Merkete
195
Mersin
132, 143, 154, 170, 179
Meskene
49, 53–54, 81–82
Mesopotamia
48, 53, 135, 152–153, 155, 170–172, 192
Metspahkian-Veledian, Zepyur
117–119
Middle East
59, 122, 125, 132
Minasian, Trvanda Solak
194
Mkhitarian, Nikoghos
196
Molla
117;
Mullah
Morenik
114
Morgenthau, Henry
49, 57, 59, 191
Mosul
154, 170, 179
Motkan
199
Muammer Bey
79
Mudros Armistice
viii, 53, 88, 135
Muhammad, Prophet of Islam
109, 113, 122
Mullah
76, 113, 116–117, 195
Murad, III
104
Mush
53, 133–134, 143, 181, 196–197, 199–200
Musheghshen
195
Mutevelian, Harutyun
122
Nadjarian, Harutyun
84
Nahi Omar
179
Naim Bey
76
Naima, Mustafa
104
Nakhitchevan
168
Nakie Hanum
72
Nalbandian, Hovhannes
92
Namaz
86;
Prayer
Nansen, Fridtjof
191
Nasibian, Regina
194
National Relief (Armenian National Relief organization)
xiii, 89, 92, 151–153, 160, 162–163, 169–170
Nazi (also Nazi ideology)
4, 9–10, 17, 19–22, 31–32, 58
Nazlian, Maritsa
78
Nazmi
81
Near East Relief
6, 91, 145, 153, 157, 168–170
Neutral House
xiii, 89, 92, 138–140, 144–146, 148
Nigde
68
Niksar
79
Nor Bayazid
168
Norgyugh
194
North Africa
41, 125
Norway
191
Nukhi
169
Nukhudian, Harutyun
75–76
Nuremberg Military Tribunal (also Nuremberg trial)
xi, 2, 4, 10, 15, 19, 22
Oda
101
Odabashi
101
Ojak
101
Ordou/Ordu
163, 169, 178
Ormanian, Maghakia Patriarch
104
Ortakoy
92, 136, 138, 146
Osmanbek El Khalaf
112
Ottoman Children’s Protection Society
53
Ourfa
170;
Urfa
Palestine
88–89, 91, 108
Pan-Turkism
36
Paris
35–36, 81, 192
Partizak
163, 169
Peche
118
Pendjik
102
Petrosian, Arakel
194
Petrosian, Melqon
84, 86
Petrosian, Vachagan
200
Pilibosian, Khachadoor
120
Pirshenk
199
Polish Supreme National Tribunal
22
Port-Said
170
Postaljian, Yervand
85, 115
Prayer
44, 86, 93, 109, 113, 117–118, 121, 201;
Namaz
Pztikian, P.
90
Quran
86, 118, 122
Racial classification
30, 58
Racial hygiene theory
8
Racial nationalism
xii, 30–32, 36, 41, 57
Racially valuable
9, 20–21
Racism
xi–xii, 30, 32, 41, 46, 58
Ras ul-Ain
49, 133, 171, 181
Raya(s)
101
Red Crescent Society
53, 142
Remembrance Wall
191
Reshid, Mehmed
35, 143
Reza Bey
89
Ribot, Théodule-Armand
45
Righteous among the Nations
190, 193, 202, 203
Riza, Ahmed
36
Robert College
91
Rodosto
148
Rohner, Beatrice
72–74
Rössler, Walter
55, 73
Rumbold, Horace
142
RuSHA trial
(
The United States of America v. Ulrich Greifelt et al.
) 19, 21
Russification
8
Rwanda
4, 32, 189–190
Rwandan genocide
189–190
Safarian, Sarkis
84
Saint Joseph College
72
Saint Sargis
77
Salah ibn al-Dawud al-Ghubba
120
Salaheddin
108
Salt
108
Samsun/Samsoun
70, 132, 134, 169, 178, 180
Sargsian, Mkrtich
77
Sarikamish
168
Sarkisla
134
Sassoun
199–200
Sebastatsi, Hovhannes
104
Sebastia
vii, 51, 55–56, 69–70, 76, 78–79, 83, 104, 125, 132–133, 140, 163, 198, 200;
Sivas
Seferian, Torgom
115
Selim, Sultan
103
Semerdjian, Elyse
125
Serbs
10, 102
Sgherd
148, 200
Shahada
113, 117–118, 121–122
Shamalian, Varduhi
196, 200–201
Shamar
123, 171, 181
Shapin Garahisar
134, 146, 153, 181
Sheddadie
53, 194
Sheikh
112, 119, 125
Shen
199
Shirachian, Aharon
77, 85
Shirinian, George
185–186
Shoushi
169
Silvan
168
Simonian, Yeranuhi
72, 77, 85–86
Simonian, Karapet
71
Simonian, Savgyul
198
Sinjar
119, 192
Sis
143
Sivas
69, 81, 132–133, 169, 171, 178, 180;
Sebastia
Siverek
125
Sivrihisar
115
Smyrna
169, 179;
Izmir
Social Darwinism
34–36, 41
Society for the Employment of Ottoman Muslim Women
53
Soviet Union
190
Spencer, Herbert
35, 41, 45
Sper
103
St. Karapet monastery
79, 196
Starvation
10, 49, 53, 55–56, 81, 198
Suleiman [Sultan]
103
Sultan Murad
104;
Murad III, Sultan
Sultanic Infantry
103
Sünnet
115;
Circumcision
Suruj
77, 200
Sushehir
138
Svazlian, Verjine
191
Sweden
191
Switzerland
8, 73, 191
Syria
10, 48, 71–72, 75, 78, 88–89, 105, 133–135, 155, 170
Syutchian, Grigor
113
Tafile
71
Takhmants
194
Talaat/Talaat Pasha/Talaat, Mehmed
47, 49, 51–52, 57, 68–70, 81, 88, 142–143
Talas/Talasse
108, 132, 178
Tapavank
198
Tarsus
143, 148
Taşğın, Ahmet
125
Tasvir (newspaper)
147
Tattoo(s)
110, 125–126;
Deq
;
Haji(s)
Tavros
93
Tekinalp, Munis
36, 39
Temirdji
195
Temporary Law of Deportation
48
Ter-Grigoryan, Grigor, Rev.
196
Terteryan, Melkon
195
Third Reich
9, 20, 22
Tiflis
169
Tigranakert
122–123, 153, 163;
Diarbekir/Diyarbekir
Timar
199
Timur Lenk
36, 38
Tivrik
103;
Divrig
Tohma
83
Tokat
79, 134, 180
Topal, Osman
137
Torosian, Mkrtich
199
Torosyan, Serob
112–113
Trapizon/Trebizond
49–50, 53, 57, 103, 117, 133, 148, 169, 171, 180
Transjordan
135
Treaty of Sevres
viii
Tribe(s)
116, 119–120, 123, 125–126
Eshiret(s), Ashiret(s)
Trowbridge, Stephen
xiii, 90
Turan (also Turanic, Turanianism)
32–34, 39–41, 43
Türk Yurdu (journal)
40–42
Turkism
29, 32, 38–40, 47, 131, 146
UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
(
Genocide Convention
) xi, 1–4, 10–18, 22–23, 185–186, 197
Unanian, Karekin Nazaret
125
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
14
United States of America (USA)
19, 191
Urfa
51, 70, 76–77, 125, 168, 195;
Ourfa
Vámbéry, Arminius
33
Van
72, 77, 103, 133–134, 172, 180, 194–195, 198–199
Vardanian, Harutyun
195
Vardanian, Rouben
200
Vardapetian, Hovhannes
115
Varto
181
Vatican
191
Veranshehir
123–124
von der Goltz, Colmar
34–35, 42
von Hoff, Heinrich
43–44
Vostan
199
Vragora/Vagora
171, 181
Wegner, Armin T.
191
Werfel, Franz
191
Westernization
6
World War I (WWI)
viii, xiii, 43, 48, 88, 93, 131, 151
World War II (WWII)
2, 8–9, 14, 17–19, 23
Yad Vashem
188–189, 203
Yemen
108
Yerevan
168, 190
Yerznka
103;
Erzincan, Erzindjan
Young Ottomans
31–32, 35
Young Turk(s)
ix, 32, 34–35, 37, 45, 59, 131, 135;
Committee of Union and Progress/
Youth paramilitary clubs
42–44
Yozgat
108, 132, 135–136, 139, 153, 163, 178
Yrpat
79
Yusuf Agha
112–113
Zara
79
Zaza(s)
106, 124
Zeki Bey
53, 82
Zeytuntsian, Vartavar
116, 119
Ziarat
196
Zile
79, 119
Zilif(s)
114
Zinjir Dere
178
Zulalyan, Manvel
104