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Perspectives for Space Law in the Twenty-First Century
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The course evaluates the different phases of the development of space law against the background of the development of public international law. An analysis of current international space law investigates whether the body of law is ready for the challenges of outer space commercialisation and the rise of “New Space” in the 21st century. To accomplish this, it peruses through existing space law treaties, in particular the foundational Outer Space Treaty, as well as other sources of space law. Discovering that international space law developed as a permissive law that would enable the further evolution of space technology yet with sufficient foresight to understand that such evolution will require provisions for the preservation of the international common that is outer space, the author examines several avenues for the future evolution of space law. Among these, the author proposes several notions in order to preserve space law’s initial character as a law for the protection of the international commons of “outer space” on the one hand, and pay attention to an equitable distribution of the benefits derived from the resources of outer space on the other hand.
Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. Dr. h.c. Stephan Hobe is the director of the Institute of Air Law, Space Law and Cyber Law at the University of Cologne as well as co-director of the International Investment Law Centre Cologne. He is member of various scientific associations, inter alia the former President of the German Society of International Law, President of the German Association of International Law (German ILA) and Chair of the Space Law Committee of the International Law Association.
Introduction
Part A. Development of general international law
Chapter I. International law as a law of coexistence
Chapter II. International law as a law of cooperation
Chapter III. International law in the era of globalisation
Part. B. Space law
Chapter IV. One century of development of space technology (1923-2024)
Chapter V. Development of space law
1. The five space treaties
2. Resolutions of the UN General Assembly
3. End of space lawmaking around 2000
Chapter VI. A new space era in the twenty-first century?
1. Space transportation
2. Micro-launchers
3. Large constellations (infrastructures) of satellites
4. Suborbital or non-orbital space activities
5. Spaceports
6. Space stations
7. Mining on celestial bodies (space resource activities)
8. Living on celestial bodies (space settlement)
Chapter VII. A new space law?
1. Legal requirements for new space activities
2. Analysis of existing space legislation in light of new space activities
3. Key requirements for revised or new space legislation compared to existing space law
Summary
4. Can such changes be implemented? Methods of space lawmaking
Part C. Changes to outer space legislation – possible solutions
Chapter VIII. Charges for using outer space
1. The use of outer space costs money
2. Clarification of the legal status of space resource activities: A new law according to Article 11 (5) of the Moon Agreement?
3. Intermediate result
Chapter IX. Space traffic management
1. What is space traffic management?
2. Elements of STM
3. STM and space law: Final remarks
Chapter X. An international fund for space debris remediation
Conclusion Space law in the era of globalisation
Bibliography
About the Author
List of Principal Abbreviations
Acknowledgements
Part A. Development of general international law
Chapter I. International law as a law of coexistence
Chapter II. International law as a law of cooperation
Chapter III. International law in the era of globalisation
Part. B. Space law
Chapter IV. One century of development of space technology (1923-2024)
Chapter V. Development of space law
1. The five space treaties
2. Resolutions of the UN General Assembly
3. End of space lawmaking around 2000
Chapter VI. A new space era in the twenty-first century?
1. Space transportation
2. Micro-launchers
3. Large constellations (infrastructures) of satellites
4. Suborbital or non-orbital space activities
5. Spaceports
6. Space stations
7. Mining on celestial bodies (space resource activities)
8. Living on celestial bodies (space settlement)
Chapter VII. A new space law?
1. Legal requirements for new space activities
2. Analysis of existing space legislation in light of new space activities
3. Key requirements for revised or new space legislation compared to existing space law
Summary
4. Can such changes be implemented? Methods of space lawmaking
Part C. Changes to outer space legislation – possible solutions
Chapter VIII. Charges for using outer space
1. The use of outer space costs money
2. Clarification of the legal status of space resource activities: A new law according to Article 11 (5) of the Moon Agreement?
3. Intermediate result
Chapter IX. Space traffic management
1. What is space traffic management?
2. Elements of STM
3. STM and space law: Final remarks
Chapter X. An international fund for space debris remediation
Conclusion Space law in the era of globalisation
Bibliography
About the Author
List of Principal Abbreviations
Acknowledgements