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Jewish Immigrants, Nationalism and Finance Sourcing in Argentina
Otherness and Industrial Entrepreneurship
Series: - Jewish Latin America, Volume: 18
Author:
âThe book represents an innovative and outstanding contribution to the economic, social, and business history of Argentina. It focuses on the factors that conditioned the emergence and development, between 1930 and the early 1960s, of large industrial enterprises founded by Jewish immigrants, with emphasis on the absence of community financial institutions to support their creation and expansion. lt is characterized both by the relevance of the issues it addresses and by the author's ability to conduct original and solid research based on a non-dogmatic conceptual framework, on the analysis of a wide variety of unexplored sources, and the virtuous combination of different scales of observation.â Professor Dr. MarÃa Inés Barbero, Universidad de Buenos Aires
Igal Aisenberg, Ph.D, Tel Aviv University, Research Fellow, Sverdlin Institute for Latin America History and Culture in the fields of business history and contemporary Jewish economics. His last publications include articles in Investigaciones y Ensayos (1923), Latin America Jewish Studies (2024), and Temas de Historia Argentina y Americana (2025).
Preface and Acknowledgments
List of Tables and Figures
Abbreviations
Introduction
â1 Argentine Antisemitism and Jewish Businesses: Peaceful Coexistence
â2 The Asymmetric Development of Jewish Businesses and Banks
â3 New and Recent Historiographical Contributions
â4 Sources
â5 Methodology
â6 Structure
1 Jewish Immigrants in Argentina: Capitalists or Proletarians?
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 International Migration Push-Pull and Network Theories
ââ1.2 Economic Distress and Antisemitism as Drivers of RussianâPolish Jewish Immigration
ââ1.3 The Profile and Occupational Structure of Jewish Migrants in the Russian Empire
ââ1.4 Interwar Poland: Occupational Structural Change or Merely New Passports
ââ1.5 The Decline and Collapse of Jewish Entrepreneurs in Russia and Poland
ââ1.6 Ottoman Jews: Protected by the Millet and Favored by the Tanzimat
â2 Conclusion: Strong Push Drivers and a Feeble Network Left Behind
2 Jewish Industrialists in a Willing-Reluctant Immigration Host Country
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Centennial Nationalism, Rusos and Turcos
ââ1.2 From Centennial Cultural Nationalism to Philo-Fascist Antisemitism
ââ1.3 Industrialization, 1930sâ40s: Jewish Immigrant Occupations and Finance
ââ1.4 The RCCII: an Official Jewish Business Chronicle
ââ1.5 Industrialization and Successful Jewish Industrialists, 1943â55
ââ1.6 Relativizing the Ethnic Racism Discourse: Before and after the BCIA and Perón
â2 Conclusion: Toxic Atmosphere, Unfulfilled Threats, and Gradual Integration
3 Jewish Argentine Financial Institutions: East European Offspring
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 A Pale Reflection of Past Grandeur
ââ1.2 Ethnic Banks and the Power of the Network: BIRP and BERP
ââ1.3 Jewish Immigrants after WWI: Financing Peddlers, Small Shops, and Craftsmen
ââ1.4 Jewish Financial Power in Argentina: Real or Imagined?
ââ1.5 From Jewish Credit Funds to Banks: Too Many and Too Small
ââ1.6 Jewish Banks: Modus Operandi and Governing Standards
ââ1.7 Enough and to Spare: Two âBig Banksâ and a Plethora of Credit Cooperatives
ââ1.8 The Predicted End of BIRD
ââ1.9 Only in Argentina? the Fall of Jewish East European Banks in the United States
â2 Conclusion: Too Many Jewish Banks, Too Few Bankers, No Rothschilds
4 Argentinaâs Jewish Immigrants as Leading Industrial Entrepreneurs
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Family Owned, Controlled, and Managed: the Oldest Type of Business Organization
ââ1.2 Jewish Industrialists as Schumpeterian Capitalist-Entrepreneurs
ââ1.3 Ordinary Men and Extraordinary Achievements: Immigrants as Self-Made Men
ââ1.4 Case Study #1: The Rags to Riches Story of Aleppoâs Teubal
ââ1.5 Case Study #2: La Bernalesa & HilanderÃas Gaby Salomón: Salonicaâs Different Other
ââ1.6 Case Study #3: The (Almost) Unknown Story of Levin Hnos
â2 Conclusion: Outstanding Uphill Buildout, Lackluster Ending
5 Not Only Textiles: Jewish Manufacturers of Machines, Steel Tubing and Forestry Products
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Case Study #4: Muzykanskyâs Famatex: Mastery, Timing, Boldness, and Luck
ââ1.2 Case Study #5: Silbert: Blacksmith Apprentice in Kyiv, Steel Industrialist in Buenos Aires
ââ1.3 Case Study #6: Weisburd and the Agro-Export Model: Not Only Livestock Raising and Farming
ââ1.4 Fritz Mandl and Oskar Kon: the Relevance of Two Irrelevant Cases
â2 Conclusion: Skills Transferability and Bold Pioneering, Not Brazen Opportunism
Epilogue
Bibliography
Index
List of Tables and Figures
Abbreviations
Introduction
â1 Argentine Antisemitism and Jewish Businesses: Peaceful Coexistence
â2 The Asymmetric Development of Jewish Businesses and Banks
â3 New and Recent Historiographical Contributions
â4 Sources
â5 Methodology
â6 Structure
1 Jewish Immigrants in Argentina: Capitalists or Proletarians?
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 International Migration Push-Pull and Network Theories
ââ1.2 Economic Distress and Antisemitism as Drivers of RussianâPolish Jewish Immigration
ââ1.3 The Profile and Occupational Structure of Jewish Migrants in the Russian Empire
ââ1.4 Interwar Poland: Occupational Structural Change or Merely New Passports
ââ1.5 The Decline and Collapse of Jewish Entrepreneurs in Russia and Poland
ââ1.6 Ottoman Jews: Protected by the Millet and Favored by the Tanzimat
â2 Conclusion: Strong Push Drivers and a Feeble Network Left Behind
2 Jewish Industrialists in a Willing-Reluctant Immigration Host Country
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Centennial Nationalism, Rusos and Turcos
ââ1.2 From Centennial Cultural Nationalism to Philo-Fascist Antisemitism
ââ1.3 Industrialization, 1930sâ40s: Jewish Immigrant Occupations and Finance
ââ1.4 The RCCII: an Official Jewish Business Chronicle
ââ1.5 Industrialization and Successful Jewish Industrialists, 1943â55
ââ1.6 Relativizing the Ethnic Racism Discourse: Before and after the BCIA and Perón
â2 Conclusion: Toxic Atmosphere, Unfulfilled Threats, and Gradual Integration
3 Jewish Argentine Financial Institutions: East European Offspring
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 A Pale Reflection of Past Grandeur
ââ1.2 Ethnic Banks and the Power of the Network: BIRP and BERP
ââ1.3 Jewish Immigrants after WWI: Financing Peddlers, Small Shops, and Craftsmen
ââ1.4 Jewish Financial Power in Argentina: Real or Imagined?
ââ1.5 From Jewish Credit Funds to Banks: Too Many and Too Small
ââ1.6 Jewish Banks: Modus Operandi and Governing Standards
ââ1.7 Enough and to Spare: Two âBig Banksâ and a Plethora of Credit Cooperatives
ââ1.8 The Predicted End of BIRD
ââ1.9 Only in Argentina? the Fall of Jewish East European Banks in the United States
â2 Conclusion: Too Many Jewish Banks, Too Few Bankers, No Rothschilds
4 Argentinaâs Jewish Immigrants as Leading Industrial Entrepreneurs
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Family Owned, Controlled, and Managed: the Oldest Type of Business Organization
ââ1.2 Jewish Industrialists as Schumpeterian Capitalist-Entrepreneurs
ââ1.3 Ordinary Men and Extraordinary Achievements: Immigrants as Self-Made Men
ââ1.4 Case Study #1: The Rags to Riches Story of Aleppoâs Teubal
ââ1.5 Case Study #2: La Bernalesa & HilanderÃas Gaby Salomón: Salonicaâs Different Other
ââ1.6 Case Study #3: The (Almost) Unknown Story of Levin Hnos
â2 Conclusion: Outstanding Uphill Buildout, Lackluster Ending
5 Not Only Textiles: Jewish Manufacturers of Machines, Steel Tubing and Forestry Products
â1 Introduction
ââ1.1 Case Study #4: Muzykanskyâs Famatex: Mastery, Timing, Boldness, and Luck
ââ1.2 Case Study #5: Silbert: Blacksmith Apprentice in Kyiv, Steel Industrialist in Buenos Aires
ââ1.3 Case Study #6: Weisburd and the Agro-Export Model: Not Only Livestock Raising and Farming
ââ1.4 Fritz Mandl and Oskar Kon: the Relevance of Two Irrelevant Cases
â2 Conclusion: Skills Transferability and Bold Pioneering, Not Brazen Opportunism
Epilogue
Bibliography
Index
The book covers multiple subjects: migration, Argentine nationalism and industrialization, Jewish banking, and large Jewish industries. It would be of immediate interest to Argentine, Jewish, and business historians, academic institutes, libraries, and students.