This book examines the political economy of natural resource extraction in the Global South across production and social reproduction. Building on a fieldwork which stretched over six years, the book argues that natural resource extraction in the agrarian South is a multi-dimensional development strategy, whose holistic analysis necessitates attention to (i) the significance of the natural resource in question for macro development plans and global value chains, (ii) the formation of the classes of extractive labour across production and social reproduction, (iii) gender division of labour within rural extractive households and rural labour markets, and (iv) labour process and control strategies in the spheres of production and social reproduction.
CoÅku Ãelik is an Assistant Professor at Kadir Has University. She holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the Middle East Technical University. She worked as a postdoctoral Fellow and Visiting Professor at York University from 2019 to 2022. Her research interests include labour studies, development studies, and feminist political economy.
Foreword
Acknowledgements
List of Figures and Tables
Acronyms and Abbreviations
1âIntroduction
â1âA Class-Relational Approach to Labour of Extraction under Neoliberalism
â2âIntroducing the Field
â3âThe Design and Method of the Fieldwork
â3.1âSemi-structured Interviews
â3.2âFocus Group Interviews
â3.3âParticipant Observation
â4âPhases of the Fieldwork
â4.1âPhase i (June and July 2015, February 2016)
â4.2âPhase ii (JuneâSeptember 2016, March 2017)
â4.3âPhase iii (July and August 2018)
â5âOutline of the Book
2âClasses of Extractive Labour across Production and Social Reproduction: Patterns of Dispossession and Class Formation in the Rural Extractive Regions
â1âProletarianization as Primitive Accumulation
â2âOngoing Primitive Accumulation and Gendered Patterns of Proletarianization: A Marxist Feminist Framework
â3âThe Development of Capitalism in Agriculture and Dispossession of Small-Scale Farmers
â4âRural Class Formation across Production and Social Reproduction
â5âConclusion
3âExtractivism and Labour Control: Reflections of Turkeyâs âCoal Rushâ in the Underground Coalmines
â1âControlling and Disciplining the Classes of Extractive Labour: Labour Regime Analysis
â2âThe Political Economy of Coal Extraction in Neoliberal Turkey
â2.1âA Brief History of Neoliberalism in Turkey
â2.2âTurkeyâs âCoal Rushâ under the akp Rule
â3âHistorical Background: Coal Extraction in Soma Before the 2000s
â4âThe Neoliberal Transformation of the Coal Industry in the Soma Coal Basin in the 2000s
â5âLabour Supply to the Coal Pits of Soma
â6âCoal Rush Underground: Labour Processes in the Coal Pits of Soma
â6.1âFirms Operating Mines in the Soma Coal Basin
â6.2âRecruitment Processes and the Informal Subcontractors
â6.3âThe Organization of Work
â6.4âCoal Rush Underground: Production Pressure
â7âConclusion
4âThe Social Reproduction of Extractivism: Gendered Patterns of Dispossession and Womenâs Work in Rural Turkey
â1âThe Production and Social Reproduction of the Classes of Extractive Labour
â2âThe Development of Capitalism in Agriculture in Turkey until the 1980s
â3âNeoliberalism in Agriculture and Gendered Patterns of Dispossession and Proletarianization in Turkey
â4âAgrarian Change, Patterns of Dispossession, and Livelihood Diversification in the Soma Coal Basin
â5âWomenâs Work in the Soma Coal Basin
â5.1âLabour Processes and Working Conditions of Women in Agriculture
â5.2âThe Social Reproduction of Miner Families: Unpaid Work of Minersâ Wives
â6âConclusion
5âThe Soma Mine Disaster, Labour Control in the Sphere of Social Reproduction, and Moments of Resistance
â1âAuthoritarian Neoliberalism and Extractivism
â2âThe Soma Mine Disaster and Its Prosecution Process
â3âLocal Labour Control and Discipline Strategies
â4âLocal Labour Control and Discipline after the Soma Mine Disaster: Clientelism â Wage Increases â Unemployment
â5âMoments of Resistance: Attempts for Alternative Unionizations and Local Social Movements in the Basin
â5.1âAnti-coal Resistance in Yırca
â5.2âResistance against Redundancy of Miners
â6âConclusion
6âConclusion
Postscript: The Condition of Coal Mining and Agricultural Production Amid the Overlapping Crises in Turley during the 2020s
â1âFood Crises and Agricultural Production of Small-Scale Farmers
â2âChanging State-Capital-Labour Relations in the Coal Industry
â3âConclusion
References
Index
This volume will be of particular interest to various Institutes of labour studies, development studies, and political economy, university libraries, post-graduate students, and activists of ecology, labour rights, and womenâs rights.