City of Gods: The New Jerusalem of John’s Revelation in Early Christianity

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This is the story of the great and final city of John’s Revelation. Plumbing the first three centuries of Christian literature, this careful narrative highlights the early significance of one of the most influential, evocative, and controversial images in Christian scripture. Chronicling how dozens of early writers, from Justin and Irenaeus to Origen and Methodius, and from the "Montanists" to Tertullian, Victorinus, and Lactantius, imagined and applied the coming New Jerusalem, the study demonstrates how the city, regardless of its myriad and often competing interpretations, always pointed to the highest possible union of God and humanity both here and now and in the age to come.

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Nathan Betz, Ph.D. (KU Leuven), holds a DFG Eigene Stelle fellowship at the University of Regensburg. He publishes on early Christian history, theology, and biblical exegesis. A co-founder of the Revelation Reception Network, he also co-edited Revelation's New Jerusalem in Late Antiquity (Mohr Siebeck, 2023).
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations

General Introduction

Part1 The Beginning until Alexandria (until 190)



1 Introduction

2 Papias of Hierapolis and His Presbyterial Tradition: Sourcing the Tradition

3 Hermas of Rome: Tower, City, and Bride—An Early Allegorical Approach

4 Justin of Rome: Millennialism Goes to Rome

5 Melito of Sardis: Reconstructing a Lost Witness

6 New Prophecy: An Early Orthodox Perspective

7 Irenaeus of Lyons: The End of the Beginning

8 Vestiges and Possible Allusions

9 Part1 Conclusion

Part2 The Greek Authors (190–313)



10 Introduction: The New Jerusalem and John’s Revelation in Rome and Alexandria

11 Clement of Alexandria: Flying to Jerusalem

12 The Hippolytan Corpus: The Christological Turn

13 Origen: “The City Is the People”

14 Gregory of Neocaesarea: The Pedagogue and the Polis

15 Methodius of Olympus: A Greek Synthesis

16 Part2 Conclusion: What Has Alexandria to Do with Jerusalem?

Part3 The Latin Authors (190–313)



17 Introduction: The New Jerusalem in Carthage and Beyond

18 Tertullian: First Among the Latins

19 Perpetua and Saturus: Dreaming of Jerusalem

20 The Two Mountains Sinai and Zion: A Holy and New City

21 Cyprian of Carthage: City of Gods

22 Victorinus: The First Latin Exegete

23 Commodian: Golden Camp, Golden Age

24 Lactantius: Reigning Together with God

25 Part3 Conclusion: Millennium and Mysticism

General Conclusion Eschaton and Telos: The New Jerusalem in Early Christianity

Bibliography
Indexes
Scholars and post-grad students of early Christian history, patristics, theology, biblical exegesis, the history of ideas, Christian mysticism, ecclesiology, eschatology, deification, mysticism. Academic and seminary libraries.
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