Zhang explores the sociohistorical environment that produced those poets, an era of political intrigues, geopolitical threats, the rise of commodity economy, flourishing popular culture, and glamorous urban life. Poetry was their means of livelihood as they drifted between low positions or as commoners, living by procuring favors from the powerful elite. The sadness and joys of a life in precarity shaped their thematic and stylistic choices, response to contemporary literary trends, and choice of poetic models. They formed a broad social network that straddled the scholar-officials and ordinary townsmen. While their poetry reflects the characteristics and concerns of both classes, there emerged a shared voice distinctly their own that turned the tide of poetry in the 13th century.
Zhang Hongsheng, Ph.D. (1989), Nanjing University, is Chair Professor of Chinese Literature at Hong Kong Baptist University. He has published extensively on classical Chinese poetry, song lyric, poetry criticism, and literary history, including his latest monograph, Jingdian chuancheng yu tishi liubian ç¶å ¸å³æ¿èé«å¼æµè® (Canon Transmission and Genre Transformation) (Nanjing University Press, 2019).
Introduction
1 The Formation of the Rivers and Lakes Movement
â1 Societal Factors
â2 Literary Factors
â3 The Role of Individuals
2 The Rivers and Lakes Poetry Calamity
â1 The Timing
â2 The Causes
â3 The People Involved
â4 The Consequences and Impact of the Poetry Case
3 Thematic Orientation
â1 Concern for the State and the People
â2 The Sadness in Seeking Favors while Wandering amidst the Rivers and Lakes
â3 The Hardship of Travel
â4 Yearning for Friendship
4 Aesthetic Sensibility
â1 The Beauty of Delicate Finesse
â2 Genuine and Candid Emotions
â3 Style and Manners of the Mundane
â4 The Flavor and Appeal of Limpidity
5 Time, Space, and Imagery
â1 The Representation of Time and Space
â2 The Structure of Imagery
6 Sources and Antecedents: Modeling on the Late Tang
â1 Demarcating the Timeframe of the âLate Tangâ
â2 The Scope of the âLate Tang Formâ
â3 The Significance of Xu Hun
â4 The Rivers and Lakes Poetsâ Understanding of the Values of the Late Tang Form
â5 The Rivers and Lakes Poetsâ Objectives in Learning from the Late Tang
7 Appreciating Rivers and Lakes Poetry
â1 Liu Guo
â2 Jiang Kui
â3 Dai Fugu
â4 Liu Kezhuang
â5 Fang Yue
8 The Favor-Seeking Visitors from the Rivers and Lakes
â1 The Concept of the âFavor-Seeking Visitors from the Rivers and Lakesâ
â2 The Form and Content of Favor-Seeking Visits
â3 The Formation of the Favor-Seekers Class
â4 The Relationship between the Appearance of the Favor-Seekers and the Regional Secretariats and the Recommendatory System
â5 The Attitudes of the Contemporary Elite and the Favor-Seekers toward Their Practice
â6 The Emergence of a Social Class That Was Neither the Officials Nor the Recluses
â7 The Change in the Status of Poetry
â8 The Value Gap in Favor-Seeking Visitations
â9 The Significance in Understanding the Favor-Seekers of the Rivers and Lakes
Bibliography
Research institutes, academic libraries, specialists, scholars, and students whose field of interest include: traditional Chinese literature; literary history; Chinese classical poetry and poetics, Song dynasty culture and society.