This book fills a significant gap in our current understanding of early modern Scottish history. It is the first systematic consideration of the workings of seigneurial courts of feudal lords in 18th century Scotland. For several hundred years, these courts were one of the main forums for justice across Europe. Until 1748, Scottish courts of barony and regality handled both criminal complaints and civil disputes; they made by-laws and levied taxes; they set wages and enforced morality. The 18th century was a time of epoch-defining events in Scotland, such as the Jacobite rebellions, and union with England. The amount of literature on this period of Scottish history is extensive; it is therefore remarkable that the story of these courts has been left untouched.
Charles Fletcher, Ph.D. (2019), University of Edinburgh. His main fields of interest are the culture and history of the highlands of Scotland and Scottish legal history.
Preface Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Conventions and Abbreviations Glossary
1âIntroduction
â1.1âHeritable Justice in Scotland
â1.2âSeigneurial Justice: Scotland in European Context
â1.3âThe Regality of Grant
2âThe Clan Grant and the Regality Court
â2.1âStrathspey in the Early Eighteenth Century
â2.2âThe Lairds of Grant, the Fine and the Regality Court of Grant
ââ2.2.1âThe Lairds of Grant
ââ2.2.2âBailies of the Regality of Grant
ââ2.2.3âThe Fine of Clan Grant: John Grant of Dalrachney
â2.3âConclusion
3âThe Regality Court and Its Procedures
â3.1âCourt Officials
ââ3.1.1âClerks of the Court
ââ3.1.2âProcurators Fiscal
ââ3.1.3âOfficers
ââ3.1.4âBirlawmen
â3.2âHow, Why and When Were Courts Convened?
ââ3.2.1âWhen?
ââ3.2.2âWhere?
â3.3âThe Court Day
4âActions for Debt
â4.1âDebt and Credit in Strathspey
â4.2âThe Collection of Rents
â4.3âPoinding
â4.4âDebt and Divisions in the Grant Family: Unwarranted Poinding 1710â1711
ââ4.4.1âRental Crisis
ââ4.4.2âCase Study: Ludovick Grant of that Ilk v. Mungo Grant of Mullochard and Others
â4.5âConclusion
5âCriminal Jurisdiction
â5.1âViolent Crime and the Regality Court of Grant
ââ5.1.1âTrends in Violent Crime
ââ5.1.2âGendered Differences in Violence
ââ5.1.3âTypes of Violence
âââa)âViolent Threats and Caution
âââb)âViolent Disputes
â5.1.4âProcess
â5.1.5âPunishment
â5.2âSerious Crime and the Regality Court of Grant
â5.3âThe Northern Circuit of the Justiciary Court and the Regality of Grant
ââ5.3.1â1708â1710
ââ5.3.2â1711â1747
ââ5.3.3âAfter Abolition, 1748â1753
â5.4âConclusion
6âEconomic and Social Control
â6.1âEconomic Control
ââ6.1.1âFood Supplies
ââ6.1.2âRegulation of Employment
âââa)âThe Problem of âLooseâ Servants
âââb)âWages
âââc)âOther Trades
ââ6.1.3âThe Relationship between the Regality Court and the Justices of the Peace
â6.2âReligious and Social Control
ââ6.2.1âPeople
ââ6.2.2âKirk Session Business and the Regality Court of Grant
ââ6.2.3âSlander
ââ6.2.4âFunding the Kirk
â6.3âLocal Governance, Conclusions
7âThe Regality Court and the Landed Estate
âWoodlands, Game, Farming and Improvement
â7.1âProtecting the Lairdâs Woodlands and Game
ââ7.1.1âWoodlands and Their Management in Eighteenth-century Strathspey
ââ7.1.2âThe Regality Court and the Woods
âââa)âContinuity and Change
âââb)âThe York Buildings Company
â7.2âGame
ââ7.2.1âHunting, Fishing and Game in the Regality of Grant
ââ7.2.2âPoaching Cases in the Regality Court
â7.3âImprovement and Farming
ââ7.3.1âPastoral Farming
â7.4âConclusion
8âLand Tenure
â8.1âTacks and Tenure
â8.2âVassalâs Labour Services
â8.3âConclusion
9âConclusion
â9.1âJustice, Society, and Heritable Jurisdictions
â9.2âJurisdiction
â9.3âHeritable Justice after 1748
Bibliography Index
All interested in eighteenth century Scottish studies, comparative legal history and the highlands of Scotland.