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Canadian Multiculturalism @50
Retrospect, Perspectives, Prospects
Series: - Transnational Migration and Education, Volume: 6
Author:
Choice Award 2022: Outstanding Academic Title
The multiculturalization of Canada has catapulted it into the front ranks of countries in advancing a principled diversity governance. Fifty years after the inception of a multicultural governance model that seemingly works and is relatively popular, Canada remains one of the few countries in the world to believe in multiculturalism. Yet the irony is inescapable: Notwithstanding its lofty status as a Canadian icon and an aspirational ideal, an official multiculturalism remains misunderstood both in Canada and abroad in terms of what it means, how it works and for whom, and why it endures. If anything, as the book explains, the idea of multiculturalism remains shrouded in the conceptual fog of a âriddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigmaâ. An interplay of polite fictions that mask inconvenient truths puts the onus on deconstructing Canadian multiculturalism by conceptualizing strengths (including a probe into why multiculturalism ostensibly works in Canada but rarely elsewhere), analyzing weaknesses, critically assessing its worth, and envisioning its future in responding to the new realities and demands of a post-multicultural world. That Canadaâs multiculturalism remains a work in progress, albeit one with innovative possibilities, provides a fitting tribute.
The multiculturalization of Canada has catapulted it into the front ranks of countries in advancing a principled diversity governance. Fifty years after the inception of a multicultural governance model that seemingly works and is relatively popular, Canada remains one of the few countries in the world to believe in multiculturalism. Yet the irony is inescapable: Notwithstanding its lofty status as a Canadian icon and an aspirational ideal, an official multiculturalism remains misunderstood both in Canada and abroad in terms of what it means, how it works and for whom, and why it endures. If anything, as the book explains, the idea of multiculturalism remains shrouded in the conceptual fog of a âriddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigmaâ. An interplay of polite fictions that mask inconvenient truths puts the onus on deconstructing Canadian multiculturalism by conceptualizing strengths (including a probe into why multiculturalism ostensibly works in Canada but rarely elsewhere), analyzing weaknesses, critically assessing its worth, and envisioning its future in responding to the new realities and demands of a post-multicultural world. That Canadaâs multiculturalism remains a work in progress, albeit one with innovative possibilities, provides a fitting tribute.
Augie Fleras received his doctorate in Maori Studies and Anthropology at Victoria University, Wellington, NZ. Teaching at the University of Waterloo, the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, as well as the McMaster University in Hamilton and the Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, he has published numerous publications in the domain of Indigeneity, Multiculturalism, Immigration, Social Inequality and Media Representations. He received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Canadian Ethnic Studies Association.
Preface
List of Tables
1 Demystifying Canadian Multiculturalism: Politics, Puzzles, Paradoxes
â1 Introduction: Multiculturalism in the Age of Disruption
â2 A Contested Domain: More Questions Than Answers
â3 Deconstructing an Official Multiculturalism: âItâs Not What It Seemsâ
â4 Overview and Contents
â5 Putting It into Perspective
2 Conceptualizing Multicultural Governance Models
â1 Introduction: Uncertainties, Confusions, Contestations
â2 Problematizing Multiculturalism: A Concept in Search of Clarity
â3 Models of Multicultural Governance
â4 Canadaâs Official Multiculturalism: A Liberal Model of Multicultural Governance
3 A Monocultural Canada: From Pro-Whiteness to a Proto-Multiculturalsim
â1 Introduction: Seeing Canada through a Monocultural Lens
â2 Monoculturalism as Anti-Minority/Anti-Diversity Governance
â3 A Monocultural Canada: From White Settlement to a Settled Whiteness
â4 Towards a ProtoMulticulturalism: The Incipient Phase
4 Canadian Multiculturalism, Quebecois Interculturalism
â1 Introduction: Deconstructing a State-Centric Multiculturalism
â2 Canadaâs Official Multiculturalism: Multilayered Meanings
â3 Interculturalism in Quebec: Rebranding Multiculturalism or a Paradigm Shift?
â4 Summing Up: Plus ça Change â¦
5 Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: Why It âWorksâ?
â1 Introduction: Framing Canadian Multiculturalism
â2 Laying the Foundation of Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: Debunking Myths
â3 Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: âMaking Canada More Inclusive, Not More Multiculturalâ
â4 Why Multiculturalism Works in Canada, But Not in Europe
6 Applying Multiculturalism: Institutional Inclusiveness
â1 Introduction: Putting Multiculturalism to Work
â2 Applying Multiculturalism to Institutional Practises
â3 Rethinking Institutional Inclusiveness: From Inclusion to Inclusivity
â4 Inclusiveness Goes to School: Multicultural Education and Anti-Racism Schooling
â5 Anti-Racism Schooling: Beyond Multicultural Education
â6 Multicultural Education and Anti-Racist Schooling: Binary or Continuum?
7 Taking Stock: Surveys and Attitudes, Benefits and Costs, Successes and Failures
â1 Introduction: The Fraughtness of Canadian Multiculturalism
â2 Framing Canadian Multiculturalism: Progressive? Regressive? Oppressive?
â3 Surveying National Attitudes: What Do the Polls Say?
â4 Public Perceptions, Public Support, Public Confusion
â5 Critical Reactions: The Good, the Bad, the Inbetween
â6 It âWorksâ: Successes and Failures
â7 Benefits and Costs: You Canât Have One without the Other
8 The Politics of Culturalism: Multiculturalismâs Achilles Heal
â1 Introduction: Contesting the Culturalism in Multiculturalism
â2 What Is Culturalism?
â3 Culturalism as Cultural Defense: Culture Matters
â4 Is a Commitment to Multiculturalism a Betrayal of Women?
â5 Toeing the Multicultural Line: Gender, Religious Diversity, and a Duty to Accommodate
â6 Cultural Appropriation in a Multicultural Canada: Itâs Complicated
9 Accommodating Religious Diversity in a Pro-Secular Canada
â1 Introduction: The Politics of Religion
â2 Religious Diversity in a Secular Canada
â3 Secularism as Quebecâs New âReligionâ
â4 Reasonably Accommodating Religion in a Secularized Canada
â5 Making Religion Public Again: Toward a Postsecular Governance
10 A Postmulticultural World
â1 Introduction: Multiculturalism in Crisis
â2 From a Multicultural World to a Postmulticultural Reality
â3 Framing a Postmulticultural World: New Realities, Evolving Demands
â4 From a Multicultural World to a Postmulticultual World
11 Renewing Multiculturalism
â1 Introduction: Populism vs Pluralism as Diversity Governances
â2 A Postnational Frame of Mind: From Nation-State to 'Notion-Stateâ
â3 A Postnational Canada: Resetting the National Brand
â4 The Idea of Postmulticulturalism: A Governance Ideal for Postnational Times
â5 Governance Principles for a Postmulticultural World: A Project in Progress
â6 Toward Multiculturalism 2.0: Incorporating an Interculturalism Dimension
â7 Multiculturalism 2.0: A Reset Whose Time Has Come
Epilog: Assessing 50 Years of Canadian Multiculturalism: A Riddle, a Mystery, an Enigma
â1 Introduction: Problematizing Canadaâs Brand
â2 Multiculturalism as Riddle: What Does It Really Mean?
â3 Multiculturalism as Mystery: Is It Working?
â4 Multiculturalism as an Enigma: Has It Been Worth It?
â5 Conclusion: Living Differently Together with a Riddle, Mystery, and Enigma
References
Index
List of Tables
PART 1: Framing Multiculturalism
1 Demystifying Canadian Multiculturalism: Politics, Puzzles, Paradoxes
â1 Introduction: Multiculturalism in the Age of Disruption
â2 A Contested Domain: More Questions Than Answers
â3 Deconstructing an Official Multiculturalism: âItâs Not What It Seemsâ
â4 Overview and Contents
â5 Putting It into Perspective
2 Conceptualizing Multicultural Governance Models
â1 Introduction: Uncertainties, Confusions, Contestations
â2 Problematizing Multiculturalism: A Concept in Search of Clarity
â3 Models of Multicultural Governance
â4 Canadaâs Official Multiculturalism: A Liberal Model of Multicultural Governance
PART 2: Canadaâs Official Multiculturalism
3 A Monocultural Canada: From Pro-Whiteness to a Proto-Multiculturalsim
â1 Introduction: Seeing Canada through a Monocultural Lens
â2 Monoculturalism as Anti-Minority/Anti-Diversity Governance
â3 A Monocultural Canada: From White Settlement to a Settled Whiteness
â4 Towards a ProtoMulticulturalism: The Incipient Phase
4 Canadian Multiculturalism, Quebecois Interculturalism
â1 Introduction: Deconstructing a State-Centric Multiculturalism
â2 Canadaâs Official Multiculturalism: Multilayered Meanings
â3 Interculturalism in Quebec: Rebranding Multiculturalism or a Paradigm Shift?
â4 Summing Up: Plus ça Change â¦
5 Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: Why It âWorksâ?
â1 Introduction: Framing Canadian Multiculturalism
â2 Laying the Foundation of Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: Debunking Myths
â3 Canadaâs Multiculturalism Model: âMaking Canada More Inclusive, Not More Multiculturalâ
â4 Why Multiculturalism Works in Canada, But Not in Europe
PART 3: Putting Multiculturalism to the Test
6 Applying Multiculturalism: Institutional Inclusiveness
â1 Introduction: Putting Multiculturalism to Work
â2 Applying Multiculturalism to Institutional Practises
â3 Rethinking Institutional Inclusiveness: From Inclusion to Inclusivity
â4 Inclusiveness Goes to School: Multicultural Education and Anti-Racism Schooling
â5 Anti-Racism Schooling: Beyond Multicultural Education
â6 Multicultural Education and Anti-Racist Schooling: Binary or Continuum?
7 Taking Stock: Surveys and Attitudes, Benefits and Costs, Successes and Failures
â1 Introduction: The Fraughtness of Canadian Multiculturalism
â2 Framing Canadian Multiculturalism: Progressive? Regressive? Oppressive?
â3 Surveying National Attitudes: What Do the Polls Say?
â4 Public Perceptions, Public Support, Public Confusion
â5 Critical Reactions: The Good, the Bad, the Inbetween
â6 It âWorksâ: Successes and Failures
â7 Benefits and Costs: You Canât Have One without the Other
8 The Politics of Culturalism: Multiculturalismâs Achilles Heal
â1 Introduction: Contesting the Culturalism in Multiculturalism
â2 What Is Culturalism?
â3 Culturalism as Cultural Defense: Culture Matters
â4 Is a Commitment to Multiculturalism a Betrayal of Women?
â5 Toeing the Multicultural Line: Gender, Religious Diversity, and a Duty to Accommodate
â6 Cultural Appropriation in a Multicultural Canada: Itâs Complicated
9 Accommodating Religious Diversity in a Pro-Secular Canada
â1 Introduction: The Politics of Religion
â2 Religious Diversity in a Secular Canada
â3 Secularism as Quebecâs New âReligionâ
â4 Reasonably Accommodating Religion in a Secularized Canada
â5 Making Religion Public Again: Toward a Postsecular Governance
PART 4: Beyond Multiculturalism
10 A Postmulticultural World
â1 Introduction: Multiculturalism in Crisis
â2 From a Multicultural World to a Postmulticultural Reality
â3 Framing a Postmulticultural World: New Realities, Evolving Demands
â4 From a Multicultural World to a Postmulticultual World
11 Renewing Multiculturalism
â1 Introduction: Populism vs Pluralism as Diversity Governances
â2 A Postnational Frame of Mind: From Nation-State to 'Notion-Stateâ
â3 A Postnational Canada: Resetting the National Brand
â4 The Idea of Postmulticulturalism: A Governance Ideal for Postnational Times
â5 Governance Principles for a Postmulticultural World: A Project in Progress
â6 Toward Multiculturalism 2.0: Incorporating an Interculturalism Dimension
â7 Multiculturalism 2.0: A Reset Whose Time Has Come
Epilog: Assessing 50 Years of Canadian Multiculturalism: A Riddle, a Mystery, an Enigma
â1 Introduction: Problematizing Canadaâs Brand
â2 Multiculturalism as Riddle: What Does It Really Mean?
â3 Multiculturalism as Mystery: Is It Working?
â4 Multiculturalism as an Enigma: Has It Been Worth It?
â5 Conclusion: Living Differently Together with a Riddle, Mystery, and Enigma
References
Index
Primarily aimed at students in graduate studies as well as senior undergraduate students, with an ancillary market consisting of academics in Europe, the Antipodes, and North America who specialize in disciplines such as Political Science, Policy Studies, or Sociology.