In Felix culpa: Ritual Failure and Theological Innovation in Early Christianity, Peter-Ben Smit argues that ritual developments were key to the development of early Christianity. Focusing on rituals that go wrong, he shows precisely how ritual infelicities are a catalyst for reflection upon ritual and their development in terms of their performance as well as the meaning attributed to them. Smit discusses texts from the Pauline epistles and the Gospel of Mark, and provides a chapter on Philo of Alexandria by way of contextualization in the Greco-Roman world. By stressing the importance of ritual, the present book invites a reconsideration of all too doctrinally focused approaches to early Christian communities and identities. It also highlights the embodied and performative character of what being in Christ amounted to two millennia ago.
Peter-Ben Smit is Professor of Contextual Biblical Interpretation at the Vrije Universiteit (Amsterdam), Professor of Systematic Theology and Ecumenism at the University of Bern, Professor of Ancient Catholic Church Structures at Utrecht University and a Research Associate in the Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria.
Contents
Introduction
1 Ritual FailureâRitual NegotiationâRitual Innovation
â1âEarly Christian Studies and Ritual Studies
â2âRitual Failure and Ritual Negotiation
2 Ritual Competition and Ritual Failure in Philoâs De vita contemplativa
â1âIntroduction
â2âPhilo and the Sympotic Theology of His Day
â3âCompetitive Meals in De Vita Contemplativa 40â63
â4âConclusions
3 Ritual Failure and Circumcision
â1âIntroduction
â2âContours of Circumcision
â3âCircumcision in Paulâs Letters
â4âConclusions: Ritual Identity and Ritual Failure as a Catalyst
4 Ritual Failure at Early Christian Meals
â1âCorinthians 8: Intercultural Ritual Transgression as a Theological Catalyst
â2âRitual Failure, Ritual Negotiation, and Paulâs Argument in 1 Corinthians 11:17â34
â3âConcluding Observations
5 Ritual Failure and Baptism
â1âIntroduction
â2âBaptism as a Ritual
â3âBaptism and Ritual Failure in Romans 6:1â14
â4âForms of Ritual Failure and Aspects of Ritual Negotiation in Romans 6:1â14
â5âConclusions
6 Ritual Failure, Crucifixion and Empire
â1âIntroduction
â2âCrucifixion as Ritual Performance of Imperial Power
â3âPhilippians 2 as a Case of Failed Imperial Ritual
â4âConclusions
7 Ritual Failure and Gender
â1âIntroduction
â2âMasculinities in the Greco-Roman World
â3âRitually (De)Constructing Masculinity at the Table in Mark 6
â4âFemininity and Ritual Failure? The Two Female Characters in Mark 6 and Their Ritual Actions
â5âConcluding Observations
8 General Conclusions Bibliography Index
All interested in early Christianity, the history of early Christian rituality and identity, the Pauline epistles, the Gospel of Mark and Philo of Alexandria, as well as ritual theory.