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Essay on Islamization
Changes in Religious Practice in Muslim Societies
Series: - Youth in a Globalizing World, Volume: 10
Author:
Translator:
Essay on Islamization is a study of the Islamization of all Muslim societies, their conversion to orthodox Islam which, with its chapels, soldier monks and holy war, leads to fundamentalism as well as to a moral puritanism. Cherkaoui gauges the importance of this global phenomenon by analyzing the empirical data of some sixty Muslim and non-Muslim societies. He also conducts two ethnographic surveys to identify the metamorphoses of Muslim religious practices and their causes.
Among the dozen theories put forward to explain these planetary phenomena, he cites those of secularization, modernization, the religious market, the influence of the media and the policy of donors of unlimited financial resources, social mobility, geopolitical causes, the emergence of fundamentalism and the role of "proletarian" intellectuals who promote Messianism, and social pressure.
Among the dozen theories put forward to explain these planetary phenomena, he cites those of secularization, modernization, the religious market, the influence of the media and the policy of donors of unlimited financial resources, social mobility, geopolitical causes, the emergence of fundamentalism and the role of "proletarian" intellectuals who promote Messianism, and social pressure.
Mohamed Cherkaoui, Ph.D. Sorbonne, is research Director Emeritus Paris, University Professor, former Director of the French Journal of Sociology, and member of the editorial board of several scientific journals. He has published twenty books and a hundred scientific articles. He is a member of the Academia Europeae and European Academy of Sociology.
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
Introduction
1 Disenchantment of the World, Depopulation of the Heavens
â1âPersistence of Faith in Islam Countries, Progress of Atheism Elsewhere
â2âOrientation toward the Human or toward the Divine:Â Progressive Secularization or Resilience of the Religious
âConclusion
2 Time for the Sacred
â1âRising Religiosity
â2âThe Time of the Sacred and Education
â3âVariations in Rates of Practice by Social Determinants
â4âCultual, Media and Cultural Practices
â5âIntegration, Regulation and Trust
3 Twilight of the Gods
â1âThe Disenchantment of the World
â2âWorks and Days:Â Islam Paganized and Chthonian Beliefs
â3âThe Paradox of Consequences of Colonization
â4âThe Political Instrumentalization of Salafism and the Enchanted World
4 Is a Rational Explanation of Islamization Possible?
â1âExogenous Causes
ââ1.1âSocio-Economic Changes Lead to a Secular Decline in Religiosity
ââ1.2âThe Religious Market Would Account for the Practices of Believers and Their Intensity of Belief
ââ1.3âThe Separation of Church and State Would Influence Religious Practice
ââ1.4âThe Extension of Islam Could Be Explained by the Policy Pursued by Certain States with Virtually Unlimited Financial Means
ââ1.5âThe Media Have Influenced Muslim Public Opinion
ââ1.6âThe Muslim Is Searching for His Identity, His Belonging and Reference Groups
â2âEndogenous Explanations
ââ2.1âThe Relative Deprivation of Young People Is the Cause of This Popular Enthusiasm for Islam and for Their Proselytism
ââ2.2âThe Perception that Muslims Have of Themselves and Others Is a Reflection of Both the Spread of Islam and Their Zeal
ââ2.3âThe Transformations of the Social Morphology of Muslim Countries, the End of Popular Islam and the Growing Domination of Scriptural Islam, Could Be Causes of This Green Tidal Wave
ââ2.4âThe Structures of Interaction and Interdependence Explain the Diffusion of Religious Practices
5 Deprivation and Islamization:Â Socio- Educational Mobility and Its Consequences
â1âSocial Mobility and Educational Mobility
â2âGenerative Mechanisms of Mobility
â3âMeritocracy or Dominance Structure?
6 The Mechanisms that Produce Islamic Fundamentalism:Â an Outline for an Interpretation of Its Genesis
â1âElective Affinities between Popular Islam and Social Morphology
â2âTransformations of Morphology and the Decline of Popular Islam:Â the Resurgence of Salafism
â3âThe Prophecy of the âProletaroidâ Intellectuals as a Response to the Crisis of Society
â4âRational Choice Theory and Altruistic Suicide
7 From Absolute Monotheism to Ethical Puritanism
â1âThe Ethical Puritanism of Muslims and Moral Tolerance In the West
â2âMuslims and the Magic of Modernity
âConclusion
8 Confidence in Institutions:Â an International Comparison
â1âTrust as the Basis for the Legitimacy of the Social Order
â2âTime of Suspicion
9 Islam and Democracy:Â Comparative Analysis of Individual and Collective Preferences
â1âMorphologies and Democracies
ââ2âThe Peopleâs Choice:Â Democracy or Authoritarianism
â3âTaxonomy of Democracies
â4âDistribution of Countries according to the Three Models. Place of the Muslims in the Democratic Trihedron
Bibliography
Index Nominum
List of Illustrations
Introduction
1 Disenchantment of the World, Depopulation of the Heavens
â1âPersistence of Faith in Islam Countries, Progress of Atheism Elsewhere
â2âOrientation toward the Human or toward the Divine:Â Progressive Secularization or Resilience of the Religious
âConclusion
2 Time for the Sacred
â1âRising Religiosity
â2âThe Time of the Sacred and Education
â3âVariations in Rates of Practice by Social Determinants
â4âCultual, Media and Cultural Practices
â5âIntegration, Regulation and Trust
3 Twilight of the Gods
â1âThe Disenchantment of the World
â2âWorks and Days:Â Islam Paganized and Chthonian Beliefs
â3âThe Paradox of Consequences of Colonization
â4âThe Political Instrumentalization of Salafism and the Enchanted World
4 Is a Rational Explanation of Islamization Possible?
â1âExogenous Causes
ââ1.1âSocio-Economic Changes Lead to a Secular Decline in Religiosity
ââ1.2âThe Religious Market Would Account for the Practices of Believers and Their Intensity of Belief
ââ1.3âThe Separation of Church and State Would Influence Religious Practice
ââ1.4âThe Extension of Islam Could Be Explained by the Policy Pursued by Certain States with Virtually Unlimited Financial Means
ââ1.5âThe Media Have Influenced Muslim Public Opinion
ââ1.6âThe Muslim Is Searching for His Identity, His Belonging and Reference Groups
â2âEndogenous Explanations
ââ2.1âThe Relative Deprivation of Young People Is the Cause of This Popular Enthusiasm for Islam and for Their Proselytism
ââ2.2âThe Perception that Muslims Have of Themselves and Others Is a Reflection of Both the Spread of Islam and Their Zeal
ââ2.3âThe Transformations of the Social Morphology of Muslim Countries, the End of Popular Islam and the Growing Domination of Scriptural Islam, Could Be Causes of This Green Tidal Wave
ââ2.4âThe Structures of Interaction and Interdependence Explain the Diffusion of Religious Practices
5 Deprivation and Islamization:Â Socio- Educational Mobility and Its Consequences
â1âSocial Mobility and Educational Mobility
â2âGenerative Mechanisms of Mobility
â3âMeritocracy or Dominance Structure?
6 The Mechanisms that Produce Islamic Fundamentalism:Â an Outline for an Interpretation of Its Genesis
â1âElective Affinities between Popular Islam and Social Morphology
â2âTransformations of Morphology and the Decline of Popular Islam:Â the Resurgence of Salafism
â3âThe Prophecy of the âProletaroidâ Intellectuals as a Response to the Crisis of Society
â4âRational Choice Theory and Altruistic Suicide
7 From Absolute Monotheism to Ethical Puritanism
â1âThe Ethical Puritanism of Muslims and Moral Tolerance In the West
â2âMuslims and the Magic of Modernity
âConclusion
8 Confidence in Institutions:Â an International Comparison
â1âTrust as the Basis for the Legitimacy of the Social Order
â2âTime of Suspicion
9 Islam and Democracy:Â Comparative Analysis of Individual and Collective Preferences
â1âMorphologies and Democracies
ââ2âThe Peopleâs Choice:Â Democracy or Authoritarianism
â3âTaxonomy of Democracies
â4âDistribution of Countries according to the Three Models. Place of the Muslims in the Democratic Trihedron
Bibliography
Index Nominum
All interested in Islam, changes in religious practice in Muslim and non-Muslim societies, conversion to orthodox Islam, secularization and atheism, their causes and consequences on geopolitical issues.