In Alcohol in Early Java: Its Social and Cultural Significance, JiÅà Jákl offers an account of the production, trade, and consumption of alcohol in Java before 1500 CE, and discusses a whole array of meanings the Javanese have ascribed to its use. Though alcohol is extremely controversial in contemporary Islamic Java, it had multiple, often surprising, uses in the pre-Islamic society.
JiÅà Jákl, Ph.D. (2014), University of Queensland, is a researcher based at the Institute of Anthropology, Heidelberg University. He has published widely on the Javanese social and cultural history before 1500 C.E.
Contents
Preface List of Figures
Introduction
â1âOld and Middle Javanese Textual Sources: What Can Be Known?
part 1: Drinking Landscape in Ancient Java
âIntroduction to Part 1
1 Twak: Production and Types of Palm Wine
â1âTapping
â2âProduction
â3âWaragaá¹
â4âBaá¸yag
â5âBuá¸ur
â6âSajÉá¹
â7âSayub
2 Beers and Lalasti Inebriating Snacks
3 Fruit Wines and Sugar Cane Wine
â1âSugar Cane Wine and âRumsâ in Pre-Islamic Java
â2âMÄstawa and SÄ«dhu: Rums in Pre-Islamic Java?
4 DrÄká¹£a: Imported Grape Wine or Chinese Rice Beer?
5 Tuber Beer and Intoxicating Mushroom Brews
6 Distilled Beverages
â1âArrack below the Winds
â2âTampo, pÇá¹ar, and paá¹ asih: Alternative Terms for Distilled Drinks
7 Cups That Cheered: Drinking Paraphernalia
â1âDrinking Vessels from Natural Materials
â2âPottery Vessels: Earthenware, Stoneware and Porcelain
â3âGlass Cups and Vessels from Silver and Gold
8 Drinking Comportment
part 2: Alcohol, Hospitality, and Identity in Java before 1500 CE
âIntroduction to Part 2
9 Drinking Ascetics and the Status of Alcohol before 1500 CE
10 Palm Wine for Sale: Ambulant Vendors and Market Stalls
11 Alcohol, Intoxication, and the Court Society
12 Alcohol in Marriage Festivities and Conjugal Rituals
13 Alcohol and Its Importance in Javanese Warfare
14 Ancestor Worship, Alcohol, and sīma Ceremonies
15 Alcohol in Javanese Bhairavism and Its Use among the Buddhists
â1âJavanese Tantric Systems and Alcohol
â2âAlcohol and Its Use and Significance among the Buddhists and Siddha Alchemists
16 Inebriated Men and Intoxicated rÄká¹£asas: Drunkenness
17 Habitual Drinkers: Alcoholism in Pre-Islamic Java?
18 Islamization and Alcohol after 1500 CE
Conclusion Figures Bibliography Index
All interested in premodern and early-modern history of Southeast Asia, and anthropologists interested in intoxicants, diet, and feasting.