The Development of the Biblical Hebrew Vowels investigates the sound changes affecting the Proto-Northwest-Semitic vocalic phonemes and their reflexes in Tiberian Biblical Hebrew. Contrary to many previous approaches, Benjamin Suchard shows that these developments can all be described as phonetically regular sound laws. This confirms that despite its unique transmission history, Hebrew behaves like other languages in this regard.
Many Hebrew sound changes have traditionally been explained as reflecting non-phonetic conditioning. These include the Canaanite Shift of *Ä to *Å, tonic and pre-tonic lengthening, diphthong contraction, Philippiâs Law, the Law of Attenuation, and the apocope of short, unstressed vowels. By reconsidering reconstructions and re-evaluating phonetic conditions, this work shows how the Biblical Hebrew forms regularly derive from their Proto-Northwest-Semitic precursors.
Benjamin Suchard, Ph.D. (2016), Leiden University, has worked as a lecturer and postdoc at that university since completing his doctorate. He has published various articles on Hebrew and other Semitic languages, most notably Biblical Aramaic. This is his first monograph.
Abbreviations
1 Introduction â1.1âExceptionless Sound Laws â1.2âBiblical Hebrew â1.3âProto-Northwest-Semitic â1.4âSome Previous Approaches to the Question â1.5âAssumptions and Methodology â1.6âOutline and Conventions
2 Proto-Northwest-Semitic Phonology and Morphology â2.1âPhonology â2.2âMorphology
3 The Canaanite Shift â3.1âIntroduction â3.2âPrevious Suggestions â3.3âData â3.4âAnalysis â3.5âConclusion
4 Stress, Tonic, Pretonic, and Pausal Lengthening â4.1âIntroduction â4.2âStress â4.3âTonic Lengthening â4.4âPretonic Lengthening â4.5âPausal Lengthening â4.6âSummary
5 Diphthongs and Triphthongs â5.1âIntroduction â5.2âDiphthongs â5.3âTriphthongs â5.4âSummary
6 Philippiâs Law and Other Cases of Stressed *i > *a â6.1âIntroduction â6.2âPrevious Suggestions â6.3âRemaining Issues â6.4âConclusion
7 The Law of Attenuation and Other Cases of Unstressed *a > *i â7.1âIntroduction â7.2âPrevious Suggestions â7.3âRemaining Issues â7.4âConclusion
8 Word-Final Vowels â8.1âIntroduction â8.2âPrevious Suggestions â8.3âWord-Final Vowels on Pronominal Suffixes and Verbal Endings â8.4âConclusion
9 General Conclusion â9.1âCombined Relative Chronology Appendix: A Concise Historical Morphology of Biblical HebrewReferencesIndex
Scholars and advanced students of Biblical Hebrew and Semitic languages in general, as well as historical linguists from other fields.