Negotiating Violence examines the ways in which ordinary people used a transnational papal court of law for disputing their private local hostilities and for negotiating their social status and identities. Following the career and routine crossovers of runaway friars, the book offers vivid insights into the late medieval culture of violence, honour, emotions, learning and lay-clerical interactions. The story plays itself out in the large composite state of the Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia, which collapses under the Ottomansâ sword in front of the readersâ eyes. The bottom-up approach of the Christian-Muslim military conflict renders visible the rationalities of those commoners who voluntarily crossed the religious boundary, while the multi-tiered story convincingly drives home the argument that the motor of social and religious change was lay society rather than the clergy in this turbulent age.
âAn introduction to a part of the world and its local scholarly literature seldom visited by western scholars, with well-chosen illustrations often reproduced in brilliant colourâ.
â Jus Gentium, Vol. 4, No. 2 (July 2019), pp. 756-757.
AcknowledgementsList of Maps and Illustrations1 Introduction âResearch Agenda âThe Uses of Papal Pardon 2 Negotiating Apostasy âApostates and Evangelicals âCloisters and Learning âThe Ambitious Common Man âStorytelling Strategies âGaps in the Narrative âConclusion 3 The Gates of Upward Social Mobility âThe Social Origin of the Friars âChoosing the Cloister âLearning in the Cloister Schools âLearning in the Parish Schools âThe Protean Literacy of the Lesser Clergy âConclusion 4 From Savage to Civilized: Village Schools and Student Life âThe Interactions of Students and Locals âThe Dense Network of Parish Schools in the Countryside âThe Presence of Literate and âCivilizedâ Men in Rural Communities âConclusion 5 Life Outside the Walls: Clergymen on the Road âThe Parish Church and Cloister in the Community âMasses of Unbeneficed Clergy âThe Unbeneficed as Criminals âParish Incumbents and the Unbeneficed âOrdained in Rome âConclusion 6 The Heyday of Popular Culture: The Shared Time and Space of Laity and Clergy âDefending Male Honor âShared Spaces of Leisure âCarnival Every Day âShared Practices âLeisure and Crime in the Dark âFestivities and Violence âShared Concepts of Magic âConclusion 7 Contested Coexistence: Lay-Clerical Disputes and Their Settlement âEnmities and the Language of Emotions âClergymen as the Mediators of the Sacred âClergymen as Members of Local Communities âHonor and Hatred: The Script of Lay-Clerical Conflicts âThe Communal Definition of Criminals âConclusion 8 Tales of a Peasant Revolt âTwo Competing Myths of Just War âRepresentations of Violence: Private and Public Perspectives âGyörgy Dózsa, the Martyr b>9 Shifting Identities in the Christian-Muslim Contact Zone ââApostateâ Spouses âChristian âBigamistsâ âLatin and Orthodox Christian Intermarriages âConclusion b>10 Conclusion BibliographyIndex
The book will prove useful to academics and students as well as to a more general reading public interested in the social, religious and cultural history of late medieval and reformation Europe, and especially of East-Central Europe.