The original Latin text of Johann Gröningâs Navigatio libera has never before been translated into any modern vernacular language. Gröningâs intention was to set out the position of neutral nations (in this case the Danes and Swedes), and their right to pursue trade during the wars of the great maritime powers (particularly the English and the Dutch). It specifically sought to engage with and refute the work of Hugo Grotius while taking cognisance of the critique of Gröningâs work by Samuel Pufendorf. The text serves as a bridge between 17th-century polemical discourse surrounding the âfree seaâ versus âenclosed seaâ debate and later 18th-century legal literature on the rights of neutrals and the continuation of free trade in time of war.
Peter Maxwell-Stuart, Ph.D. (1994) is Reader in History at the University of St Andrews. He is widely published in the fields of Greek and Latin literature and history, and in the occult sciences of Mediaeval and early modern Europe. He is about to publish a translation of Gomez Pereiraâs scientific treatise, Antoniana Margarita, and Martin Delrioâs chef dâoeuvre, Disquisitiones Magicae.
Steve Murdoch, Ph.D. (1998) is Professor of History at the University of St Andrews. His major monographs include; Network North: Scottish Kin, Cultural and Covert Associations in Northern Europe, 1603-1746 (Brill, 2006) and most recently with Alexia Grosjean, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish Generals of the Thirty Yearsâ War, 1618-1648 (Pickering & Chatto, 2014). Among maritime scholars he is best known for his award winning monograph The Terror of the Seas? Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713 (Brill, 2010).
Leos Müller, Ph.D. (1998), is Professor of History and Director of the Centre for Maritime Studies, Stockholm University. He has published on Swedish early-modern and maritime history, e.g. Consuls, Corsairs and Commerce. The Swedish Consular Service and Long-Distance Shipping, 1720â1815 (Uppsala University, 2004), together with Stefan Eklöf Amirell, and Persistent Piracy. Maritime Violence and State-formation in Global Historical Perspective, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014).
Introduction âLeos Müller and Steve Murdoch Gröningâs Latin and Greek: the Translatorâs Note âPeter Maxwell-Stuart
Unimpeded Sailing
Essay in His Own Defence âPublished âAmong Those Soon to Be Published Preface Chapter Headings Treatise on Unimpeded Sailing âChapter 1 âChapter 2 âChapter 3 âChapter 4 âChapter 5 âChapter 6 âChapter 7 âChapter 8 âChapter 9 âChapter 10 âChapter 11 Gröningâs CitationsBibliographyIndex
All interested in the evolution of Maritime Law, with particular reference to issues of Neutrality at Sea and the evolution in International Maritime Law.