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The 1624 Tumult of Mexico in Perspective (c. 1620â1650)
Authority and Conflict Resolution in the Iberian Atlantic
Series: - European Expansion and Indigenous Response, Volume: 24
Author:
In The 1624 Tumult of Mexico in Perspective Angela Ballone offers, for the first time, a comprehensive study of an understudied period of Mexican early modern history. By looking at the mandates of three viceroys who, to varying degrees, participated in the events surrounding the Tumult, the book discusses royal authority from a transatlantic perspective that encompasses both sides of the Iberian Atlantic. Considering the similarities and tensions that coexisted in the Iberian Atlantic, Ballone offers a thorough reassessment of current historiography on the Tumult proving that, despite the conflicts and arguments underlying the disturbances, there was never any intention to do away with the kingâs authority in New Spain.
Angela Ballone, Ph.D. (2012), University of Liverpool, works as a Researcher at the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History of Frankfurt am Main. Previously, she has been Fellow at the Deutsches Historisches Institut in Rome (2016) and the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa (2014â2015). She is currently working on the project âTranslating Solórzano from Withinâ on the jurist Juan de Solórzano Pereira (1575â1655).
"What stood at the centre of this processes, indeed what made it possible for local power struggles to be resolved, was a shared understanding of the principles of law, power, and authority which bound the early modern Spanish world together and which, as Ballone demonstrates, were fundamentally the same on both sides of the Atlantic." - Francisco A. Eissa-Barroso, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, in: The International Journal of Maritime History 31(2) (June 2019) [https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ijh]
âSuperando la narrativa de las historias nacionales, Ballone apuesta por un enfoque âatlánticoâ para estudiar el tumulto de 1624. AsÃ, la autora concibe este conflicto no como algo restringido a la polÃtica interna del virreinato de la Nueva España, sino como un fenómeno cuyas causas y repercusiones deben ser ubicadas en ambos lados del Océano Atlántico, un espacio que es entendido más en términos de continuidad que de ruptura o separación.â - Francisco Quijano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México â UNAM (Mexico), in: Los Reinos de las Indias en el Nuevo Mundo (blog), 22 January 2019 [https://losreinosdelasindias.hypotheses.org/]
âLa autora sugiere de un modo convincente que la solución del conflicto, - y los radicales cambios de postura de la corona - se explican tanto por la evolución de las relaciones de poder en Madrid, y por los imperativos de la polÃtica extranjera de España, como por el análisis que ella hace de la situación local. (...) Reexaminando la crisis mexicana de 1624, Ballone logra innovar. Poniendo a debate la noción de autoridad monárquica mediante el análisis de su ejercicio concreto, apropiándose de los objetos y de las herramientas de la historia de las redes y de los de la historia atlántica, la autora logra abrir nuevas perspectivas.â - Pierre Ragon, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre (France), in: Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos (blog), 17 December 2018 [https://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/74030].
"In the finest tradition of Atlantic history, Angela Balloneâs monograph about the 1624 tumult of Mexico City brings us a broader understanding of how royal authority was made in New Spain and Spanish America". Gibran Bautista y Lugo, in FifteenthâSeventeenth Centuries.
âSuperando la narrativa de las historias nacionales, Ballone apuesta por un enfoque âatlánticoâ para estudiar el tumulto de 1624. AsÃ, la autora concibe este conflicto no como algo restringido a la polÃtica interna del virreinato de la Nueva España, sino como un fenómeno cuyas causas y repercusiones deben ser ubicadas en ambos lados del Océano Atlántico, un espacio que es entendido más en términos de continuidad que de ruptura o separación.â - Francisco Quijano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México â UNAM (Mexico), in: Los Reinos de las Indias en el Nuevo Mundo (blog), 22 January 2019 [https://losreinosdelasindias.hypotheses.org/]
âLa autora sugiere de un modo convincente que la solución del conflicto, - y los radicales cambios de postura de la corona - se explican tanto por la evolución de las relaciones de poder en Madrid, y por los imperativos de la polÃtica extranjera de España, como por el análisis que ella hace de la situación local. (...) Reexaminando la crisis mexicana de 1624, Ballone logra innovar. Poniendo a debate la noción de autoridad monárquica mediante el análisis de su ejercicio concreto, apropiándose de los objetos y de las herramientas de la historia de las redes y de los de la historia atlántica, la autora logra abrir nuevas perspectivas.â - Pierre Ragon, Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre (France), in: Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos (blog), 17 December 2018 [https://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/74030].
"In the finest tradition of Atlantic history, Angela Balloneâs monograph about the 1624 tumult of Mexico City brings us a broader understanding of how royal authority was made in New Spain and Spanish America". Gibran Bautista y Lugo, in FifteenthâSeventeenth Centuries.
General Editorâs Foreword
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
Abbreviations
Transcription System
The Tumult in Brief
Introduction
âThe Scale of the Mexican Disturbances
âRoyal Authority as a Tool of Integration in the Iberian Atlantic
âHistoriographical Approaches to the Tumult of 1624
1 Theatre of the Disturbances
âWindows onto the Iberian Atlantic World
âMetropolis of the New World
âThe Composite Nature of Mexican Urban Population
âThe Broad Urban Scenario
âRoyal Authority in Flesh and Blood
2 Pre-Dating the Tumult
âThe Mexican Audiencia at the Time of Guadalcazar
âGuadalcazar: el Buen Rey or a Despotic Viceroy?
âHistoriography on Guadalcazarâs Mandates
âFrom Mexico to Lima
âThe Logistics of Communication in the Iberian Atlantic
3 A Viceroy in an Age of Decline
âRoyal Appointment by Philip III
âGelvesâs First Entry in Mexico City
âFirst Impressions in the New World
âPositive Feedback to the Council
âReforming Local Custom and Patronising Municipal Institutions
âSupervising the Administration of Justice
âThe First Arrest of Oidor Vergara Gaviria
âOld World Casuistry and New Instructions from Spain
4 The Two Heads of the Viceroyalty
âThe Administration of the Faith: A Sensitive Topic
âIdyll between Archbishop and Viceroy
âDeterioration of the Varaez Case
âTwo Majesties in Conflict
âJuntas in Spanish America
âAuthority from Theory to Practice
âThe Cathedral of Mexico and the Scale of Conflicts
âNew Year and the Eve of the Tumult
âThe Beginning of the End
âReactions to the Exile
5 Storming the Viceregal Palace
âRoyal Authority Performed in the Mexican Zócalo
âThe King Arrested and the Pope Exiled
âSacred Objects in the Battlefield
âA Heretic Viceroy in Mexico City?
ââLong Live to the King and Death to Heretics!â
âThe Insurgentsâ Requests
âFrom Fire to Firearms
âThe Regency
âThe Viceroy is Missing
âThe Tumult is Over
âWho were These Insurgents Anyway?
6 The Day After
âComuneros of New Spain?
âThe Pillage of the Palace
ââNo God, nor King, nor Judges!â
âThe Mexican Delegation
âThe Viceroy Besieged
âJustice and Power Performed by the Audiencia
âSparkling the Transatlantic Debate
âA New Viceroy in an Age of Crisis
âRestoration of Viceregal Authority
âTwo Viceroys, Two Schools of Politics
âThe Archbishop of Mexico in Europe
7 Tools of Control from the Metropolitan Court
âPreparations for the General Inspection
âThe Beginning of the Inspection
âGelvesâs Judicial Examination
âViceroysâ Authority above Everything Else
âThe Second Arrest of Oidor Vergara Gaviria
âMexico City under Pressure Again
âThe End of Gelvesâs Juicio de Residencia (in Mexico)
âUnsettling Metropolitan Considerations about the Inspection
8 From the Inspection to the General Pardon
âAnother Extraordinary Junta at the Court of Philip IV
âThe Mexican Pardon in Perspective
âThe New Archbishop of Mexico
âRestoration of Religious Authority
âThe Edict of the Pardon
âThe New Inspection
âDifferent Interpretations of the Pardon
âMore Tensions in Mexico City
âThe Resilience of the Gelvista Party
9 Metropolitan Déjà Vu
âTwo Heads in Opposition, Again
ââThere is Only One Viceroy in New Spain!â
âAssessing the Junta del Tumulto de México
âThe Members of the Junta
âThe Hidden âLifeâ of the Junta del Tumulto
âAn Ongoing Discussion outside the Junta
âRethinking Metropolitan Perceptions of Mexican Politics
âThe Viceroysâ Sentences
Conclusions
Appendix: A Fructibus Eorum Cognoscentis Eos (México, 1629)
Glossary
Select Bibliography
Index
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
Abbreviations
Transcription System
The Tumult in Brief
Introduction
âThe Scale of the Mexican Disturbances
âRoyal Authority as a Tool of Integration in the Iberian Atlantic
âHistoriographical Approaches to the Tumult of 1624
Rethinking the Tumult in Perspective
1 Theatre of the Disturbances
âWindows onto the Iberian Atlantic World
âMetropolis of the New World
âThe Composite Nature of Mexican Urban Population
âThe Broad Urban Scenario
âRoyal Authority in Flesh and Blood
2 Pre-Dating the Tumult
âThe Mexican Audiencia at the Time of Guadalcazar
âGuadalcazar: el Buen Rey or a Despotic Viceroy?
âHistoriography on Guadalcazarâs Mandates
âFrom Mexico to Lima
âThe Logistics of Communication in the Iberian Atlantic
3 A Viceroy in an Age of Decline
âRoyal Appointment by Philip III
âGelvesâs First Entry in Mexico City
âFirst Impressions in the New World
âPositive Feedback to the Council
âReforming Local Custom and Patronising Municipal Institutions
âSupervising the Administration of Justice
âThe First Arrest of Oidor Vergara Gaviria
âOld World Casuistry and New Instructions from Spain
4 The Two Heads of the Viceroyalty
âThe Administration of the Faith: A Sensitive Topic
âIdyll between Archbishop and Viceroy
âDeterioration of the Varaez Case
âTwo Majesties in Conflict
âJuntas in Spanish America
âAuthority from Theory to Practice
âThe Cathedral of Mexico and the Scale of Conflicts
âNew Year and the Eve of the Tumult
âThe Beginning of the End
âReactions to the Exile
5 Storming the Viceregal Palace
âRoyal Authority Performed in the Mexican Zócalo
âThe King Arrested and the Pope Exiled
âSacred Objects in the Battlefield
âA Heretic Viceroy in Mexico City?
ââLong Live to the King and Death to Heretics!â
âThe Insurgentsâ Requests
âFrom Fire to Firearms
âThe Regency
âThe Viceroy is Missing
âThe Tumult is Over
âWho were These Insurgents Anyway?
Illustrations
The Long Road to Resolution
6 The Day After
âComuneros of New Spain?
âThe Pillage of the Palace
ââNo God, nor King, nor Judges!â
âThe Mexican Delegation
âThe Viceroy Besieged
âJustice and Power Performed by the Audiencia
âSparkling the Transatlantic Debate
âA New Viceroy in an Age of Crisis
âRestoration of Viceregal Authority
âTwo Viceroys, Two Schools of Politics
âThe Archbishop of Mexico in Europe
7 Tools of Control from the Metropolitan Court
âPreparations for the General Inspection
âThe Beginning of the Inspection
âGelvesâs Judicial Examination
âViceroysâ Authority above Everything Else
âThe Second Arrest of Oidor Vergara Gaviria
âMexico City under Pressure Again
âThe End of Gelvesâs Juicio de Residencia (in Mexico)
âUnsettling Metropolitan Considerations about the Inspection
8 From the Inspection to the General Pardon
âAnother Extraordinary Junta at the Court of Philip IV
âThe Mexican Pardon in Perspective
âThe New Archbishop of Mexico
âRestoration of Religious Authority
âThe Edict of the Pardon
âThe New Inspection
âDifferent Interpretations of the Pardon
âMore Tensions in Mexico City
âThe Resilience of the Gelvista Party
9 Metropolitan Déjà Vu
âTwo Heads in Opposition, Again
ââThere is Only One Viceroy in New Spain!â
âAssessing the Junta del Tumulto de México
âThe Members of the Junta
âThe Hidden âLifeâ of the Junta del Tumulto
âAn Ongoing Discussion outside the Junta
âRethinking Metropolitan Perceptions of Mexican Politics
âThe Viceroysâ Sentences
Conclusions
Appendix: A Fructibus Eorum Cognoscentis Eos (México, 1629)
Glossary
Select Bibliography
Index
All those interested in the history of the early modern Iberian Atlantic, the 1624 Tumult of Mexico, Viceregal and Court Studies, techniques of conflict resolution and Imperial Spain.