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The City Gate in Ancient Israel and Her Neighbors
The Form, Function, and Symbolism of the Civic Forum in the Southern Levant
Series: - Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, Volume: 108
Author:
In The City Gate in Ancient Israel and Her Neighbors, Daniel A. Frese provides a wide-ranging portrayal of one of the most prominent social institutions in the kingdoms of the southern Levant during the Iron II period: the use of the city gate as a hub for numerous and diverse civic functions. The book provides an up-to-date description of the architecture of gate complexes based on archaeological evidence, and a systematic description of the many functions of the gate seen in hundreds of texts from the Hebrew Bible and the broader ancient Near East. The final chapters of the book discuss the conceptual significance of gates in Israelite culture, based on idiomatic and symbolic gate terminology in the Hebrew Bible.
Daniel A. Frese, Ph.D. (2012), the University of California, San Diego, is Assistant Professor of Hebrew Language and Literature at the University of Kentucky.
âAcknowledgments
âList of Figures
âList of Abbreviations
âIntroduction
â1Sources, Goals, Methodology
â2Goals of the Present Study
â3Synchronic Analysis
â4The Hebrew Bible
â5Archaeological Data
â6Assyrian Reliefs
â7Gates and the Rural Population of Ancient Israel
â8Corpus of Gates
â1Gatehouse Architecture: the Ground Floor
â1Building Materials
â2âGatehouseâ in the Hebrew Bible
â3Gatehouse Passage and Chambers
â4Gatehouse Doors
â5Posts and Pivots
â6Metal Bands
â7Thresholds
â8Locking the Gate
â2Gatehouse Architecture, Part 2: the Upper Floor
â1Ceilings
â2Doorways
â3Windows
â4The Second Floor
â5The Gatehouse Roof
â6Towers
â3The Architectural Purpose of the Gatehouse
â1Three Sets of Doors?
â2Emergency Blockage?
â3Guardrooms?
â4Horse Hitching Stalls?
â5The Architectural Function of Piers and Chambers
â6Metrological Data
â7Contemporaneous Architecture in the Southern Levant
â8Stacked Broad Rooms
â9Middle Bronze Gatehouse Architecture
â4The Use of the Gatehouse
â5Gate Complexes and City Planning
â1Plazas
â2Number and Location of Gates
â3Water Drainage
â4Considerations Affecting Gate Size and Building Materials
â5Public Works in the Gate Complex
â6The Gate as a Public Space
â1Public Notice
â2Public Assembly and Public Address
â3Display of Corpses or Body Parts
â4Public Humiliation
â5Propaganda
â6Privacy in the Gate
â7The City Council in the Gate
â1Elders, Kings, and Honor in the Gate
â2Legal Transactions in the Gate
â3Judicial Proceedings in the Gate
â4Punishment in the Gate
â5Governmental Functions in the Gate
â8Other Gate Functions
â1Cultic Functions in the Gate
â2Commercial Use of the Gate
â3Agricultural Functions in the Gate
â4Military Functions of the Gate
â5Indirect Entry Gates
â6Social Functions of the Gate
â9Figurative Gates
â1âGatesâ in the D Source
â2The Entrance to the Tabernacle Courtyard
â3The Desert Encampment âGateâ
â4Other Figurative Uses of שער
â5Possible Figurative Uses of שער
â6âEnteringâ and âExitingâ at the City Gate
â10Gate Symbolism
â1Monarchs and Building Projects
â2New States, New Buildings
â3City on a Hill
â4Designed to Impress
â5Conspicuous Consumption
â6The Gate as a Symbol of Community Well-Being
â7Gates and Prophetic Discourse
â11Gates as Boundaries
â1Gates and Liminality
â2Gates as Literal and Symbolic Boundaries
â3Magic and Ritual at the Gate
â4Dangerous Gateways?
â5Evaluation of Liminality
âSummary and Conclusion
âAppendix A: Chart of Gatehouse Dimensions
âAppendix B: Chart of Average Gatehouse Dimensions
âAppendix C: Plans of Gates in Corpus
âBibliography
âIndex
âList of Figures
âList of Abbreviations
âIntroduction
â1Sources, Goals, Methodology
â2Goals of the Present Study
â3Synchronic Analysis
â4The Hebrew Bible
â5Archaeological Data
â6Assyrian Reliefs
â7Gates and the Rural Population of Ancient Israel
â8Corpus of Gates
Section 1: Gate Architecture
â1Gatehouse Architecture: the Ground Floor
â1Building Materials
â2âGatehouseâ in the Hebrew Bible
â3Gatehouse Passage and Chambers
â4Gatehouse Doors
â5Posts and Pivots
â6Metal Bands
â7Thresholds
â8Locking the Gate
â2Gatehouse Architecture, Part 2: the Upper Floor
â1Ceilings
â2Doorways
â3Windows
â4The Second Floor
â5The Gatehouse Roof
â6Towers
â3The Architectural Purpose of the Gatehouse
â1Three Sets of Doors?
â2Emergency Blockage?
â3Guardrooms?
â4Horse Hitching Stalls?
â5The Architectural Function of Piers and Chambers
â6Metrological Data
â7Contemporaneous Architecture in the Southern Levant
â8Stacked Broad Rooms
â9Middle Bronze Gatehouse Architecture
â4The Use of the Gatehouse
â5Gate Complexes and City Planning
â1Plazas
â2Number and Location of Gates
â3Water Drainage
â4Considerations Affecting Gate Size and Building Materials
â5Public Works in the Gate Complex
Section 2: Gate Functions
â6The Gate as a Public Space
â1Public Notice
â2Public Assembly and Public Address
â3Display of Corpses or Body Parts
â4Public Humiliation
â5Propaganda
â6Privacy in the Gate
â7The City Council in the Gate
â1Elders, Kings, and Honor in the Gate
â2Legal Transactions in the Gate
â3Judicial Proceedings in the Gate
â4Punishment in the Gate
â5Governmental Functions in the Gate
â8Other Gate Functions
â1Cultic Functions in the Gate
â2Commercial Use of the Gate
â3Agricultural Functions in the Gate
â4Military Functions of the Gate
â5Indirect Entry Gates
â6Social Functions of the Gate
Section 3: Figurative Gates And Gate Symbolism
â9Figurative Gates
â1âGatesâ in the D Source
â2The Entrance to the Tabernacle Courtyard
â3The Desert Encampment âGateâ
â4Other Figurative Uses of שער
â5Possible Figurative Uses of שער
â6âEnteringâ and âExitingâ at the City Gate
â10Gate Symbolism
â1Monarchs and Building Projects
â2New States, New Buildings
â3City on a Hill
â4Designed to Impress
â5Conspicuous Consumption
â6The Gate as a Symbol of Community Well-Being
â7Gates and Prophetic Discourse
â11Gates as Boundaries
â1Gates and Liminality
â2Gates as Literal and Symbolic Boundaries
â3Magic and Ritual at the Gate
â4Dangerous Gateways?
â5Evaluation of Liminality
âSummary and Conclusion
âAppendix A: Chart of Gatehouse Dimensions
âAppendix B: Chart of Average Gatehouse Dimensions
âAppendix C: Plans of Gates in Corpus
âBibliography
âIndex
All who are interested in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament, the ancient Israelites, and the archaeology of the southern Levant.