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Time in Marx
The Categories of Time in Marxâs Capital
Series: - Historical Materialism Book Series, Volume: 61
Author:
This book demonstrates that the basic concepts of the three volumes of Capital come under different categories of time: "time of production" in the first volume is linear, âtime of circulationâ in the second is circular, while in the third volume âorganic timeâ is the unity of the two. Capitalist relations emerge as a definite organisation of social time that obeys its own intrinsic criteria and operates as an autonomous, social subject. Reading Capital from this perspective, it becomes possible to restore its dialectical (Hegelian) logic â not in order to reveal the ârealâ Marx, but as a means to contribute to the understanding of the real, capitalist world with its present-day fetishes, its explosive contradictions and its ever deeper crises.
Stavros Tombazos, Ph.D. (1991), Université Paris 8, is Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Cyprus. He has published numerous books and articles on the thought of Hegel and Marx, on Globalisation, the European Integration and Capitalist Crises. His latest book, published in Greek, is titled: Centrifugal Times, The World Economic Crisis 2007, 2008, 2009⦠(Papazisis, 2010). He is a regular contributor to the French journals Contretemps and Lignes.
âWith time as his starting point, Stavros Tombazos sheds light on the general intelligibility of Capital and the originality of its own logic⦠A frequent critique directed at Marx is that he remains tributary of the determinist epistemology of his time. This work draws our attention to an opposite tendency of his thought, ready to welcome the contemporary developments of fuzzy logic, chaos theory, the unity between chance and necessity.â
Daniel Bensaïd
âThe title of this book could have been Reading Capital, had this title not already been used: reading the whole of Capital, with a scrupulous loyalty to the order of its reasons⦠âTimeâ appears as the most adequate consideration with respect to this aim, to be precise the successive times intersecting and over-determining each other⦠The exposition of the theory of fetishism forms the core of Tombazosâs work. I believe that, of the entire literature dedicated to this issue, Tombazosâs elucidation is the best.â
George Labica
Daniel Bensaïd
âThe title of this book could have been Reading Capital, had this title not already been used: reading the whole of Capital, with a scrupulous loyalty to the order of its reasons⦠âTimeâ appears as the most adequate consideration with respect to this aim, to be precise the successive times intersecting and over-determining each other⦠The exposition of the theory of fetishism forms the core of Tombazosâs work. I believe that, of the entire literature dedicated to this issue, Tombazosâs elucidation is the best.â
George Labica
Introduction to the English Edition
The Missileâs Load, Georges Labica
Rearguard Seasonals
Postface to the French edition by Daniel Bensaïd
Translatorâs Note
Introduction
PART I: THE TIME OF PRODUCTION
Introduction
Section 1: The Commodity and Labour Time
1. Labour Time as a Transhistorical Economic Law
2. Abstract Labour Time: Form and Content
3. Socially Necessary Labour Time
4. The Hegelian Theory of Measure and Value as âEssenceâ
Section 2: From Simple Circulation to Capital
5. The Process of Exchange: Historical Time and Logical Time
5.1 Historical time
5.2 Logical time
6. Simple Circulation as a Moment of the Notion
6.1 The great triad of Hegelian logic
6.2 Simple circulation as a âchemical processâ
7. The Hidden Time of the Commodity
Section 3: The Time of the Process of Production
8.The Time of Surplus-Labour or Absolute Surplus-Value
8.1 Constant and variable capital, mass and rate of surplus-value
8.2 The working day
9. The Time of Surplus Labour or Relative Surplus-Value
9.1 Simple co-operation and the saving of time
9.2 The manufacture and the saving of time
9.3 Large-scale industry as a clock-making system .
PART II: THE TIME OF CIRCULATION
Introduction.
Section 1: The Organic Movement of Capital
10. The Three Cycles/Circuits of Capital
10.1 The circuit of money capital .
10.2 The circuit of productive capital
10.3 The circuit of commodity capital
11. Capital as Syllogism
12. Capital in Marx, or âLifeâ in Hegel
12.1 The Hegelian âIdeaâ (generalities)
12.2 Hegelian âLifeâ and the circuits of capital
12.3 âThe living individualâ or âShapeâ and the circuit of productive capital
12.4 The âlife processâ or âAssimilationâ and the circuit of commodity capital
12.5 The âGenus-processâ and the circuit of money capital
Section 2: The Turnover Times of Capital
13. Value, Real Wealth and Circulation Time
14. Turnover Time and Fixed and Circulating Capital
15. The Labour, Production and Circulation Periods
15.1 Definition of the three periods
15.2 The turnover time and the quantitative relation between the different fractions of capital
16. The Annual Turnover of Social Capital (The Schemas of Reproduction)
16.1 Presentation of the schemas of reproduction
16.2 Interpretation of the schemas of reproduction
PART III: ORGANIC TIME: THE UNITY OF THE TIME OF PRODUCTION AND THE TIME OF CIRCULATION
Introduction
Section 1: Surplus Value, Profit and Time
17. Cost, Wages, Profit and Illusions of Time
18. Value and Prices of Production (A Logical Interpretation)
18.1 Marx and the transformation of values into prices of production
18.2 The transformation as a syllogism
Section 2: The Sub-Divisions of Profit or Fetishism Completely Realised
19. The Derived Forms of Industrial Capital
19.1 Merchantâs capital (Handelskapital)
19.2 Interest-bearing capital (Das zinstragende Kapital)
20. Ground Rent
21. The Trinity Formula
Section 3: The Contradictions of the Capitalist Organisation of Time
22. The Law of the Tendency of the Rate of Profit to Fall
23. The Periodical Crises
23.1 Periodical crises and the industrial cycle
23.2 The long-term tendency of the rate of profit
24. The Structural Crises
24.1 Appendix to Chapter 24
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
The Missileâs Load, Georges Labica
Rearguard Seasonals
Postface to the French edition by Daniel Bensaïd
Translatorâs Note
Introduction
PART I: THE TIME OF PRODUCTION
Introduction
Section 1: The Commodity and Labour Time
1. Labour Time as a Transhistorical Economic Law
2. Abstract Labour Time: Form and Content
3. Socially Necessary Labour Time
4. The Hegelian Theory of Measure and Value as âEssenceâ
Section 2: From Simple Circulation to Capital
5. The Process of Exchange: Historical Time and Logical Time
5.1 Historical time
5.2 Logical time
6. Simple Circulation as a Moment of the Notion
6.1 The great triad of Hegelian logic
6.2 Simple circulation as a âchemical processâ
7. The Hidden Time of the Commodity
Section 3: The Time of the Process of Production
8.The Time of Surplus-Labour or Absolute Surplus-Value
8.1 Constant and variable capital, mass and rate of surplus-value
8.2 The working day
9. The Time of Surplus Labour or Relative Surplus-Value
9.1 Simple co-operation and the saving of time
9.2 The manufacture and the saving of time
9.3 Large-scale industry as a clock-making system .
PART II: THE TIME OF CIRCULATION
Introduction.
Section 1: The Organic Movement of Capital
10. The Three Cycles/Circuits of Capital
10.1 The circuit of money capital .
10.2 The circuit of productive capital
10.3 The circuit of commodity capital
11. Capital as Syllogism
12. Capital in Marx, or âLifeâ in Hegel
12.1 The Hegelian âIdeaâ (generalities)
12.2 Hegelian âLifeâ and the circuits of capital
12.3 âThe living individualâ or âShapeâ and the circuit of productive capital
12.4 The âlife processâ or âAssimilationâ and the circuit of commodity capital
12.5 The âGenus-processâ and the circuit of money capital
Section 2: The Turnover Times of Capital
13. Value, Real Wealth and Circulation Time
14. Turnover Time and Fixed and Circulating Capital
15. The Labour, Production and Circulation Periods
15.1 Definition of the three periods
15.2 The turnover time and the quantitative relation between the different fractions of capital
16. The Annual Turnover of Social Capital (The Schemas of Reproduction)
16.1 Presentation of the schemas of reproduction
16.2 Interpretation of the schemas of reproduction
PART III: ORGANIC TIME: THE UNITY OF THE TIME OF PRODUCTION AND THE TIME OF CIRCULATION
Introduction
Section 1: Surplus Value, Profit and Time
17. Cost, Wages, Profit and Illusions of Time
18. Value and Prices of Production (A Logical Interpretation)
18.1 Marx and the transformation of values into prices of production
18.2 The transformation as a syllogism
Section 2: The Sub-Divisions of Profit or Fetishism Completely Realised
19. The Derived Forms of Industrial Capital
19.1 Merchantâs capital (Handelskapital)
19.2 Interest-bearing capital (Das zinstragende Kapital)
20. Ground Rent
21. The Trinity Formula
Section 3: The Contradictions of the Capitalist Organisation of Time
22. The Law of the Tendency of the Rate of Profit to Fall
23. The Periodical Crises
23.1 Periodical crises and the industrial cycle
23.2 The long-term tendency of the rate of profit
24. The Structural Crises
24.1 Appendix to Chapter 24
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
All interested in the economic and philosophical interpretation of Marx's Capital and the relevance of Marxism today.