In recent years, historians have questioned the notion that belief was central to the Reformationâs success, arguing rather for a variety of social, political, economic, and psychological forces. This study examines one of the intra-Lutheran doctrinal debates, the Flacian controversy over original sin, as means to analyze lay religiosity in the late Reformation. It focuses on the German territory of Mansfeld, where the conflict had miners brawling in the streets, and where a wealth of sources from the laity have survived. This extraordinary evidence demonstrates that although diverse forces were at work, by the late sixteenth century many commoners had developed a complex understanding of Lutheran doctrines, and these beliefs had become informing factors in the laityâs lives.
Robert J. Christman, Ph.D. (2004) in early modern history, University of Arizona, is an Assistant Professor of History at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa. He has published a variety of articles on the impact of the Reformation in early modern Germany.
Introduction Doctrinal Controversy as a Window onto Lay Religiosity
Chapter 1 A Portrait of Mansfeld in the Sixteenth Century
Chapter 2 Competing Views of Original Sin and Associated Arguments and Meanings
Chapter 3 The Pastors and their Parishioners
Chapter 4 The Counts and the Controversy
Chapter 5 The âHereticsâ of Mansfeld
Chapter 6 Extra-doctrinal Forces Affecting the Laity
Chapter 7 Lay Understandings of Original Sin and Lutheran Theology
Chapter 8 Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
Illustrations
Hans Ãtzen, Ein schon christliches und warhafftiges gebett von gesetze und evangelinis gestellt durch Hans Oetz ein leye imm Thall Mansfelt gegewen im ihar unsers Herren Jhesu Christi anno 1575, Landeshauptarchiv Sachsen-Anhalt, Abteilung Magdeburg, Standort Wernigerode.
Matthäus Merian, Mansfeldt c. 1650. Copperplate.
Tables
Table 1. The Occupations of the Mansfelder Laity
Table 2. The Mansfelder Laity
Table 3. Luther Citations Found in the Lay Confessions
All those interested in the Reformation and its impact, German history, early modern intellectual and social history, and church history, as well as theologians and anyone interested in the history of Lutheranism.