Karl Jaspers dubbed the period, 800-400 BCE, the Axial Age. Axial it was, for out of it emerged the idea of Greek culture, with its influence on Roman and later empires. Jaspersâ Axial Age was the chrysalis of culturally-meaningful modernity.
Trade expands intellectual horizons. The economic and political effects permeate such social domains as technology, language and worldview. In the last category, many issues take on an emotional freight â the birth of science, monotheism, philosophy, even theory itself.
Cultural Contact and Appropriation in the Axial-Age Mediterranean World: A Periplos, explores adaptation, resistance and reciprocity in Axial-Age Mediterranean exchange (ca. 800-300 BCE). Some essayists expand on an international discussion about myth, to which even the Church Fathers contributed. Others explore questions of how vocabulary is reapplied, or how the alphabet is reapplied, in a new environment. Detailed cases ground participantsâ capacity to illustrate both the variety of the disciplinary integuments in which we now speak, one with the other, across disciplines, and the sheer complexity of constructing a workable programme for true collaboration.
Baruch Halpern (Harvard â74) holds the Covenant Professorship in Religion at the University of Georgia, and was formerly Chaiken Family Chair of Jewish Studies and Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, and of Ancient History, at Penn State. His publications center on ancient history, literature, language and archaeology.
Kenneth S. Sacks is professor of History and Classics at Brown University. He works on the ancient Greek world (especially historiography and intellectual thought), classical reception in the United States, and American Transcendentalism.
All interested in the development and history of the Mediterranean during the Axial Age (800-400 BCE) including the influence of trade on language, myth and religion, and culture.