Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
This paper explores the complex landscape of LGBT+ rights in Tunisia, examining the interplay between legal, cultural and religious dynamics. Beginning with an overview of pertinent constitutional and criminal code provisions, it delves into their contextual grounding within the cultural and religious milieu. Subsequently, it delineates the evolving landscape both within and without the courtroom. By scrutinizing relevant case law, it elucidates the recurrent patterns of persecution against LGBT+ individuals, highlighting the infringements upon constitutional guarantees and legal principles. It also shows the emergence of a discernible judicial trend indicating a gradual stride towards a more inclusive legal framework, albeit in a context that remains largely hostile to sexual minorities.
Kauf
Sofortzugang erwerben (PDF-Download und unbegrenzter Online-Zugang):
Institutszugang
Melden Sie sich mit Open Athens, Shibboleth oder Ihren institutionellen Anmeldedaten an.
Persönliche Anmeldung
Melden Sie sich mit Ihrem brill.com-Konto an
Dupret, Baudouin. Positive Law from the Muslim World: Jurisprudence, History, Practices. Law in Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
El Fegiery, Moataz. Islamic Law and Human Rights: The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016.
Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty. Edited by David Bromwich, George Kateb, and Jean Bethke Elshtain. Rethinking the Western Tradition. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
Virgili, Tommaso. Islam, Constitutional Law and Human Rights: Sexual Minorities And Freethinkers In Egypt And Tunisia. Abingdon, New York: Routledge, 2022.
Ferchichi, Wahid. ‘L’homosexualité en droit tunisien ou de l’homophobie de la règle juridique’. In Être Homosexuel au Maghreb, edited by Monia Lachheb, 171–195. Paris: Tunis: Karthala, 2016.
Hamrouni, Salwa. ‘L’orientation sexuelle en droit international’. In Le Corps dans toutes ses libertés, edited by Wahid Ferchichi, 158–168. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI), 2017. https://adlitn.org/download/le-corps-dans-toutes-ses-libertes/.
Anabtawi, Samer. ‘Snatching Legal Victory: LGBTQ Rights Activism and Contestation in the Arab World’. Arab Law Quarterly 36, no. 4–5 (11 July 2022): 383–421. https://doi.org/10.1163/15730255-bja10112.
Anderson, Joel, and Yasin Koc. ‘Exploring Patterns of Explicit and Implicit Anti-Gay Attitudes in Muslims and Atheists’. European Journal of Social Psychology 45, no. 6 (2015): 687–701. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2126.
Ben Achour, Sana. ‘Le Code tunisien du statut personnel, 50 ans après: les dimensions de l’ambivalence’. L’Année du Maghreb, no. II (March 2007): 55–70. https://doi.org/10.4000/anneemaghreb.89.
Ferjani, Mohamed Chérif. ‘Égalité en héritage et rapport entre État et religion selon le président tunisien Kaïs Saied. Au sujet de son discours du 13 août 2020’. Confluences Méditerranée 114, no. 3 (2020): 29–37. https://doi.org/10.3917/come.114.0029.
Jäckle, Sebastian, and Georg Wenzelburger. ‘Religion, Religiosity, and the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality – A Multilevel Analysis of 79 Countries’. Journal of Homosexuality 62, no. 2 (February 2015): 207–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2014.969071.
Idrissi, Amal. ‘Religious Conscience or Religious Freedom? The Difference between Official Constitutional Norms and Actual Legal Restrictions in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia’. Religion & Human Rights 16, nos. 2–3 (2021): 117–142. https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-bja10018.
Long, Scott. ‘When Doctors Torture: The Anus and the State in Egypt and Beyond’. Health and Human Rights 7, no. 2 (2004): 114–140. https://doi.org/10.2307/4065350.
Siraj, Asifa. ‘The Construction of the Homosexual “Other” by British Muslim Heterosexuals’. Contemporary Islam 3, no. 1 (April 2009): 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11562-008-0076-5.
Tolino, Serena. ‘Homosexuality in the Middle East: An Analysis of Dominant and Competitive Discourses’. DEP. Deportate, Esuli, Profughe 25 (2014): 72–91. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-106872.
Virgili, Tommaso. ‘L’hiver de l’état de droit en Tunisie’. Quaderni di diritto e politica ecclesiastica, no. 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1440/108514.
Voorhoeve, Maaike. ‘Production judiciaire des normes et vigilance de la société civile: Le cas de la sexualité en Tunisie’. L’Année du Maghreb, no. 16 (30 June 2017): 341–358. https://doi.org/10.4000/anneemaghreb.3114.
Belhadj, Soumaya, and Wahid Ferchichi. ‘“L’affaire 230”: La Justice Face à l’homosexualité’. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI), 2023. https://adlitn.org/laffaire-230-la-justice-face-a-lhomosexualite/.
Ferchichi, Wahid, and Mohamed Amine Jelassi. ‘De l’inconstitutionnalité de l’article 230 Du Code Pénal’. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI), 2021. http://adlitn.org/wp-content/uploads/download-manager-files/2.%20De%20l%E2%80%99inconstitutionnalit%C3%A9%20de%20l%E2%80%99article%20230%20du%20Code%20p%C3%A9nal%20version%20fr.pdf.
Gallala-Arndt, Imen. ‘Tracing Tunisian Case Law on Freedom of Religion, Equality and Islamic Law’. In Balancing Individual Rights, Religious Law and Equality. Landmark Decisions from Egypt, Kuwait and Tunisia. Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, 2021. https://www.kas.de/documents/265308/265357/Balancing+Inidividual+Rights%2C+Religious+Law+and+Equality.pdf/5e4cd2b6-372f-f15e-f462-23cdeb1e9a3a?version=1.0&t=1617987215625.
Ghoshal, Neela. ‘Dignity Debased: Forced Anal Examinations in Homosexuality Prosecutions’. Human Rights Watch, 2016. https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/globallgbtanalexams0716web.pdf.
Jelassi, Mohamed Amine. ‘Minoritized and Discriminated against: Law as a Factor of Inequality’. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI); Heinrich Böll Stiftung Tunisie, 2018.
Jelassi, Mohamed Amine. ‘Processus de depénalisation de l’homosexualité. Expériences comparées et état des lieux en Tunisie’. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI), 2020.
Khouili, Ramy, and Daniel Levine-Spound. ‘Article 230: A History of the Criminalization of Homosexuality in Tunisia’, 2019. https://article230.com/en/article-320-eng/.
Limam, Jinane. ‘Les associations LGBTQI++ en Tunisie. Emergence d’un nouveau militantisme humain’. Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI); Heinrich Böll Stiftung Tunisie, 2017.
Schröter, Susanne. Antisemitisch, Antidemokratisch, Islamistisch. Das „Islamische Zentrum Hamburg” Und Radikale Schiitische Netzwerke in Deutschland. AJC Berlin Ramer Institute, 2019. https://ajcgermany.org/system/files/document/AJC-Berlin_IZH-Broschuere_43S_A5%281%29.pdf.
Zayani, Mohamed Anoir. ‘L’appropriation de La Proposition Du Code Des Libertés Individuelles Par Les Acteurs Politiques’. Fédération Internationale des Droits Humains (FIDH); Association de Défense des Libertés Individuelles (ADLI); Ligue Tunisienne des Droits de l’Homme (LTDH); Association Tunisienne des Femmes Démocrates (ATFD); Heinrich Böll Stiftung Tunisie, 2020. https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/etude_sociologique_fr_ar_web.pdf.
Decision 384/2023 (Court of Appeal of Kairouan 2 January 2023).
Decision 9560/2022 (Tribunal of Tunis 23 November 2022).
Decision 542/2020 (Tribunal of Tunis 20 January 2020).
Decision 72975/2019 (Tunisian Court of Cassation 11 June 2019).
Decision 37442/2019 (Court of Appeal of Tunis 17 May 2019).
Decision 6782/2015 (Tribunal of Kairouan 12 December 2015).
AFP. ‘Tunisia Bans Forced Anal Exams for Homosexuality’. News24, 22 September 2017. https://www.news24.com/news24/Africa/News/tunisia-bans-forced-anal-exams-for-homosexuality-20170922.
Amnesty International. ‘Tunisie. Le nouveau projet de Constitution sape l’indépendance de la justice et affaiblit les garanties relatives aux droits humains’, 5 July 2022. https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2022/07/tunisia-new-draft-constitution-undermines-independence-of-judiciary-and-weakens-human-rights-safeguards/.
Boukhayatia, Rihab. ‘For Tunisian Women and Their Non-Muslim Fiancés, Marriage Remains a Stroke of Luck’. Nawaat, 16 September 2023. https://nawaat.org/2023/09/16/for-tunisian-woman-and-their-non-muslim-fiances-marriage-remains-a-stroke-of-luck/.
Conseil National de l’Ordre des Médecins de Tunisie. ‘Communiqué: Le Consentement Dans Le Cadre de l’expertise Médicale’, 3 April 2017. https://www.facebook.com/OrdreMedTun/photos/a.446870662172297.1073741828.411516739041023/641096052749756/?type=3&permPage=1.
Fédération internationale pour les droits humains. ‘Tunisie: le référendum constitutionnel menace les droits acquis depuis la révolution’, 12 July 2022. https://www.fidh.org/fr/themes/droits-des-femmes/tunisie-referendum-constitution-menace-droits-democratie-revolution.
Ghoubantini, Sofiene. ‘Kaïs Saïed, plus conservateur qu’un islamiste’. Business News, 23 April 2022. https://www.businessnews.com.tn/kais-saied-plus-conservateur-quun-islamiste,519,118588,3.
Grewal, Sharan, Salah-Dean Satouri, and Ian deHaven. ‘Tunisia’s New Constitution Will Only Worsen Its Political Crisis’. Brookings, 6 July 2022. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/tunisias-new-constitution-will-only-worsen-its-political-crisis/.
Guellali, Amna. ‘A Hopeful Speech, but Will Tunisia’s President Deliver?’ Human Rights Watch, 25 October 2019. https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/10/25/hopeful-speech-will-tunisias-president-deliver.
Human Rights Watch. ‘Tunisia: 3-Year Sentence for Homosexuality’, 16 December 2015. https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/12/16/tunisia-3-year-sentence-homosexuality.
ILGA World Database. ‘Criminalisation of Consensual Same-Sex Sexual Acts’. Accessed 18 January 2024. https://database.ilga.org/criminalisation-consensual-same-sex-sexual-acts.
OHCHR. ‘Tunisia: UN Expert Praises Democratic Progress since Revolution, Says More Needed for LGBT Persons’. 18 June 2021. https://www.ohchr.org/en/news/2021/06/tunisia-un-expert-praises-democratic-progress-revolution-says-more-needed-lgbt-persons.
Portes, Thierry. ‘Tunisie: le coup de force du président Kaïs Saïed contre le camp islamiste’. Le Figaro, 13 August 2021. https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/tunisie-le-coup-de-force-du-president-kais-saied-contre-le-camp-islamiste-20210813.
‘The Yogyakarta Principles: The Application of International Human Rights Law in Relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity’. Accessed 27 June 2017. http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/.
World Values Survey. ‘Database 6 (2010–2014)’, 2014. https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV6.jsp.
World Values Survey. ‘Database Wave 7 (2017–2022)’, 2022. https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, and Emeri van Donzel, eds. ‘Liwāṭ’. In The Encyclopaedia of Islam, V:776–779. Leiden: Brill, 1986.
Wehr, Hans. ‘لواط’. In A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, edited by Cowan J. Milton. New York: Spoken Language Services, Inc., 1976.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 234 | 234 | 3 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 11 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF-Downloads | 27 | 27 | 2 |
This paper explores the complex landscape of LGBT+ rights in Tunisia, examining the interplay between legal, cultural and religious dynamics. Beginning with an overview of pertinent constitutional and criminal code provisions, it delves into their contextual grounding within the cultural and religious milieu. Subsequently, it delineates the evolving landscape both within and without the courtroom. By scrutinizing relevant case law, it elucidates the recurrent patterns of persecution against LGBT+ individuals, highlighting the infringements upon constitutional guarantees and legal principles. It also shows the emergence of a discernible judicial trend indicating a gradual stride towards a more inclusive legal framework, albeit in a context that remains largely hostile to sexual minorities.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 234 | 234 | 3 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 11 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF-Downloads | 27 | 27 | 2 |