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A mycotoxin-dedicated total diet study in the Netherlands in 2013: Part III – exposure and risk assessment

In: World Mycotoxin Journal
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R.C. Sprong National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3729 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

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L. de Wit-Bos National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3729 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

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J.D. te Biesebeek National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3729 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

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M. Alewijn RIKILT Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 123, 6700 AB Wageningen, the Netherlands

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P. Lopez RIKILT Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 123, 6700 AB Wageningen, the Netherlands

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M.J.B. Mengelers National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3729 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

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In a mycotoxin-dedicated total diet study (mTDS) performed in the autumn and winter of 2013 in the Netherlands, 48 mycotoxins, including patulin, aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisins, zearalenone, trichothecenes, ergot alkaloids,Alternaria toxins, beauvericin and enniatins, were quantified. Analyses were performed in 88 composite samples representative for the consumption pattern of the Dutch population. This article presents the results of the exposure assessment and subsequent risk assessment of these mycotoxins. Exposure was assessed by combining individual food consumption data obtained from the Dutch National Food Consumption Surveys (DNFCS) for young children aged 2-6 years and the population aged 7-69 years with the analytical results of the mTDS, using a lower bound and an upper bound scenario for levels below the limit of detection. Wherever possible, exposure estimates were compared with toxicological reference values, including health-based guidance values. The high level of exposure (95th percentile) exceeded the toxicological reference value regardless of the substitution scenario for ochratoxin A in the population aged 7-69 years, for the sum of T-2 and HT-2 toxins for children aged 2-6 years and for alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in both examined populations. The margin of exposure was too small for aflatoxin B1. For the remaining 23 mycotoxins with a toxicological reference value, the estimated exposure was below this level.

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