Solute and matric potential stress onPenicillium verrucosum: impact on growth, gene expression and ochratoxin A production
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Penicillium verrucosum survives in soil and on cereal debris. It colonises grain during harvesting, drying and storage. There is no information on the relative tolerance ofP. verrucosum to solute and matric stress in terms of colonisation, or on the biosynthetic toxin gene clusters or ochratoxin A (OTA) production. The objectives were to examine the effect of ionic and non-ionic solute and matric potential stress on (a) growth, (b) expression of two toxin biosynthetic genesotapksPV andotanrpsPV, and (c) OTA production by a strain ofP. verrucosum. Optimum growth and OTA production were at -7.0 MPa (= 0.95 water activity, aw) and -1.4 MPa (= 0.99 aw), respectively, regardless of whether solute (Ψs) or matric (Ψm) stress was imposed.P. verrucosum was more sensitive to ionic solute stress (NaCl) with no growth at -19.6 MPa (=0.86 aw) while growth still occurred in the non-ionic solute (glycerol) and matric stress treatments. Relative gene expression of the biosynthetic genes using PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that theotapksPV gene was expressed over a wide range of ionic/non-ionic solute stress conditions (-1.4 to -14.0 MPa; = 0.99-0.90 aw). The highest expression was in the non-ionic Ψs stress treatments at -7.0 MPa (= 0.95 aw). However, theotanrpsPV gene was significantly up regulated under Ψm stress, especially with freely available water (-1.4 MPa = 0.99 aw). OTA production was significantly decreased as Ψs or Ψm stress were imposed. Limited OTA production occurred in the driest treatments under Ψs and Ψm stress respectively. The impact of these two types of stresses on the growth ofP. verrucosum was quite different from that for OTA production. The results are discussed in the context of the life cycle and ecological characteristics of this species in contaminating cereals with OTA in the post-harvest phase of the cereal chain.
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| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 278 | 88 | 23 |
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Solute and matric potential stress onPenicillium verrucosum: impact on growth, gene expression and ochratoxin A production
In: World Mycotoxin JournalSearch for other papers by S. Abdelmohsen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by C. Verheecke-Vaessen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by E. Garcia-Cela in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by A. Medina in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by N. Magan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Penicillium verrucosum survives in soil and on cereal debris. It colonises grain during harvesting, drying and storage. There is no information on the relative tolerance ofP. verrucosum to solute and matric stress in terms of colonisation, or on the biosynthetic toxin gene clusters or ochratoxin A (OTA) production. The objectives were to examine the effect of ionic and non-ionic solute and matric potential stress on (a) growth, (b) expression of two toxin biosynthetic genesotapksPV andotanrpsPV, and (c) OTA production by a strain ofP. verrucosum. Optimum growth and OTA production were at -7.0 MPa (= 0.95 water activity, aw) and -1.4 MPa (= 0.99 aw), respectively, regardless of whether solute (Ψs) or matric (Ψm) stress was imposed.P. verrucosum was more sensitive to ionic solute stress (NaCl) with no growth at -19.6 MPa (=0.86 aw) while growth still occurred in the non-ionic solute (glycerol) and matric stress treatments. Relative gene expression of the biosynthetic genes using PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that theotapksPV gene was expressed over a wide range of ionic/non-ionic solute stress conditions (-1.4 to -14.0 MPa; = 0.99-0.90 aw). The highest expression was in the non-ionic Ψs stress treatments at -7.0 MPa (= 0.95 aw). However, theotanrpsPV gene was significantly up regulated under Ψm stress, especially with freely available water (-1.4 MPa = 0.99 aw). OTA production was significantly decreased as Ψs or Ψm stress were imposed. Limited OTA production occurred in the driest treatments under Ψs and Ψm stress respectively. The impact of these two types of stresses on the growth ofP. verrucosum was quite different from that for OTA production. The results are discussed in the context of the life cycle and ecological characteristics of this species in contaminating cereals with OTA in the post-harvest phase of the cereal chain.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 278 | 88 | 23 |
| Full Text Views | 59 | 3 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 20 | 5 | 0 |
