Purpose of this study was to investigate the age-dependent, short-term effects of T-2 toxin (5.77 mg T-2 and 1.40 mg HT-2 toxin/kg feed) or deoxynivalenol (DON) (4.86 mg DON and 1.39 mg 15-acetyl-DON/kg feed) in one and three weeks old broiler chicken to observe the changes in parameters of lipid peroxidation, glutathione redox system, and expression of genes related to glutathione redox system in the first 24 h of mycotoxin exposure. Glutathione-redox system responsed to T-2 toxin exposure in both age groups for T-2 toxin in the first 8 h of exposure, while a reactivation was observed in the 3-week-old group after 20 h, although lipid peroxidation did not change significantly. DON did not alter these parameters, only at gene expression level. Gene expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) showed minor, but significant, changes in both age- and mycotoxin exposure groups. Glutathione reductase (GSR) showed a dual response for the mycotoxin exposure, which was not consequent in either age groups, or treatments. Glutathione synthetase (GSS) showed a decreasing tendency in the younger animals while in the older group elevating tendency was observed as effect of both mycotoxins. Time, treatment and their combined effect also showed relation with the changes in the parameters.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Anater, A., Manyes, L. and Meca, G., 2016. Mycotoxins and their consequences in aquaculture: a review. Aquaculture 451: 1-10.
Association of the Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), 1984. Official methods of analysis 28054 B, 14th edition. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.
Awad, W.A., Böhm, J., Ghareeb, K. and Zentek, J., 2013. The toxicological impacts of the Fu sarium mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol, in poultry flocks with special reference to immunotoxicity. Toxins 5: 912-925.
Awad, W.A., Ghareeb, K., Dadak, A., Gille, L., Staniek, K., Hess, M. and Böhm, J., 2012. Genotoxic effects of deoxynivalenol in broiler chickens fed low-protein feeds. Poultry Science 91: 550-555.
Awad, W.A., Vahjen, W., Aschenbachv, J.R. and Zentek, J., 2011. A diet naturally contaminated with the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) downregulates gene expression of glucose transporters in the intestine of broiler chickens. Livestock Science 140: 72-79.
Balogh, K., Bócsai, A., Pelyhe, Cs., Zándoki, E., Erdélyi, M., Szabó- Fodor, J. and Mézes, M., 2015. Effects of long-term feeding of graded levels of T-2 toxin-contaminated diets on performance, some lipid peroxide and glutathione redox status parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Poultry Science 52: 176-182.
Bamburg, J.R., Riggs, N.V. and Strong, F.M., 1968. The structure of toxins from two strains of Fusarium tricinctum. Tetrahedron Letters 24: 3329-3326.
Binder, E.M., Tan, L.M., Chin, L.J., Handl, J. and Richard, J., 2007. Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities feeds and feed ingredients. Animal Feed Science and Technology 137(3-4): 265-282.
Biomin, 2015. World mycotoxin survey. Biomin Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria. Available at: https://tinyurl.com/y9dwom5q.
Bócsai, A., Pelyhe, Cs., Zándoki, E., Ancsin, Zs., Szabó-Fodor, J., Erdélyi, M., Mézes, M. and Balogh, K., 2016. Short-term effects of T-2 toxin exposure on some lipid peroxide and glutathione redox parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 100: 520-525.
Botsoglou, N.A., Fletouris, D.J., Papageorgiou, G.E., Vassilopoulos, V.N., Mantis, A.J. and Trakatellis, A.G., 1994. Rapid, sensitive and specific thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid peroxidation in animal tissue, food and feedstuff samples. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 42: 1931-1937.
Chandratre, C.A., Telang, A.G., Badgujar, P.C., Raut, S.S. and Sharma, A.K., 2014. Toxicopathological alterations induced by high dose dietary T-2 mycotoxin and its residue detection in Wistar rats. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 67: 124-138.
Chaudhari, M., Jayaraj, R., Santhosh, S.R. and Rao, P.V.L., 2009. Oxidative damage and gene expression profile of antioxidant enzymes after T-2 toxin exposure in mice. Journal of Biochemical Molecular Toxicology 23: 212-221.
Chaudhary, M. and Rao, P.V.L., 2010. Brain oxidative stress after dermal and subcutaneous exposure of T-2 toxin in mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology 48: 3436-3442.
Che, Z., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Zhu, H., Hou, Y. and Ding, B., 2011. The protective effects of different mycotoxin adsorbents against blood and liver pathological changes induced by mold-contaminated feed in broilers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 24: 250-257.
Choudhary, C., Kumar, C., Gnad, F., Nielsen, M.L., Rehman, M., Walther, T.C., Olsen, J.V. and Mann, M., 2009. Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science 325: 834-840.
Dänicke, S., Gareis, M. and Bauer, J., 2001. Orientation values for critical concentrations of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in diets for pigs, ruminants and gallinaceous poultry. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology 10: 171-174.
Del Regno, M., Adesso, S., Popolo, A., Quaroni, A., Autore, G., Severino, L. and Marzocco, S., 2015. Nivalenol induces oxidative stress and increases deoxynivalenol pro-oxidant effect in intestinal epithelial cells. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 285: 118-127.
Dvorska, J.E., Pappas, A.C., Karadas, F., Speake, B.K. and Surai, P.F., 2007. Protective effect of modified glucomannans and organic selenium against antioxidant depletion in the chicken liver due to T-2 toxin-contaminated feed consumption. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology – part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology 145: 582-587.
Eriksen, G. and Pettersson, H., 2004. Toxicological evaluation of trichothecenes in animal feed. Animal Feed Sciance and Technology 114: 205-239.
European Commission (EC), 2013. Commission Recommendation of 27 March 2013 on the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in cereals and cereal products. Official Journal of the European Union L 91: 12-15.
European Commission (EC), 2006. Commission Recommendation of 17 August 2006 on the presence of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, T-2 and HT-2 and fumonisins in products intended for animal feeding. Official Journal of the European Union L 229: 7-9.
Fialkow, L., Wang, Y. and Downey, G.P., 2007. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as signaling molecules regulating neutrophil function. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine 42: 153-164.
Fodor, J., Németh, M., Kametler, L., Pósa, R., Kovács, M. and Horn, P., 2006. Novel methods of Fusarium toxins’ production for toxicological experiments. Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis 10: 277-285.
Frankic, T., Pajk, T., Rezar, V., Levart, A. and Salobir, J., 2006. The role of dietary nucleotides in reduction of DNA damage induced by T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol in chicken leukocytes. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44: 1838-1844.
Fritz, K.S., Galligan, J.J., Hirschey, M.D., Verdin, E. and Petersen, D.R., 2012. Mitochondrial acetylome analysis in a mouse model of alcohol-induced liver injury utilizing SIRT3 knockout mice. Journal of Proteome Research 11: 1633-1640.
Gloire, G., Legrand-Poels, S. and Piette, J., 2006. NF-kappaB activation by reactive oxygen species: fifteen years later. Biochemical Pharmacology 72: 1493-1505.
Halliwell, B., 1991. Reactive oxygen species in living systems: Source, biochemistry and role in human disease. American Journal of Medicine 91: 14-30.
Hungarian Feed Code, 2004. Nutrient requirement of broiler chicken. Vol. II. OMMI, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 65-67. (in Hungarian).
Jennings, P., Limonciel, A., Felice, L. and Leonard, M.O., 2013. An overview of transcriptional regulation in response to toxicological insult. Archives of Toxicology 87: 49-72.
Köhle, C. and Bock, K.E., 2007. Coordinate regulation of phase I and II xenobiotic metabolisms by the Ah receptor and Nrf2. Biochemical Pharmacology 73: 1853-1862.
Krishnaswamy, R., Devaraj, S.N. and Padma, V.V., 2010. Lutein protects HT-29 cells against deoxynivalenol-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis: prevention of NF-kappaB nuclear localization and down regulation of NF-kappaB and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine 49: 50-60.
Lawrence, R.A. and Burk, R.F., 1976. Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 71: 952-958.
Leal, M., Shimada, A., Ruíz, F. and González de Mejía, E., 1999. Effect of lycopene on lipid peroxidation and glutathione-dependent enzymes induced by T-2 toxin in vivo. Toxicology Letters 109: 1-10.
Lien, A.P.-H., Hua, H. and Chuong, P.-H., 2008. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. International Journal of Biomedical Science 4: 89-96.
Livak, K.J. and Schmittgen, T.D., 2001. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods 25: 402-408.
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J., 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193: 265-275.
Lundby, A., Lage, K., Weinert, B.T., Bekker-Jensen, D.B., Secher, A., Skovgaard, T., Kelstrup, C.D., Dmytriyev, A., Choudhary, C., Lundby, C. and Olsen, J.V., 2012. Proteomic analysis of lysine acetylation sites in rat tissues reveals organ specificity and subcellular patterns. Cell Reports 2: 419-431.
Manikonda, P.K. and Jagota, A., 2012. Melatonin administration differentially affects age-induced alterations in daily rhythms of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in male rat liver. Biogerontology 13: 511-524.
Mézes, M., Barta, M. and Nagy, G., 1998. Comparative investigation on the effect of T-2 mycotoxin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in different poultry species. Research in Veterinary Science 66: 19-23.
Miraglia, M., Marvin, H.J.P., Kleter, G.A., Battilani, P., Brera, C., Coni, E., Cubadda, F., Croci, L., De Santis, B., Dekkers, S., Filippi, L., Hutjes, R.W.A., Noordam, M.Y., Pisante, M., Piva, G., Prandini, A., Toti, L., Van den Born, G.J. and Vespermann, A., 2009. Climate change and food safety: an emerging issue with special focus on Europe. Food and Chemical Toxicology 47: 1009-1021.
Mishra, S., Premendra, D., Dwivedi, P.D., Haushila, P., Pandey, H.P. and Das, M., 2014. Role of oxidative stress in deoxynivalenol induced toxicity. Food and Chemical Toxicology 72: 20-29.
Mu, P., Xu, M., Zhang, L., Wu, K., Wu, J., Jiang, J., Chen, Q., Wang, L., Tang, X. and Deng, Y., 2013. Proteomic changes in chicken primary hepatocytes exposed to T-2 toxin are associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial enhancement. Proteomics 13: 3175-3188.
Murphy, M.P., 2009. How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochemical Journal 417: 1-13.
Osselaere, A., Santos, R., Hautekiet, V., Backer, P.D., Chiers, K., Ducatelle, R. and Croubels, S., 2013. Deoxynivalenol impairs hepatic and intestinal gene expression of selected oxidative stress, tight junction and inflammation proteins in broiler chickens, but addition of an adsorbing agent shifts the effects to the distal parts of the small intestine. PLoS ONE 8: e69014.
Pablos, M.I., Reiter, R.J., Ortiz, G.G., Guerrero, J.M., Agapito, M.T., Chuang, J.I. and Sewerynek, E., 1998. Rhythms of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in brain of chick and their inhibition by light. Neurochemistry International 32: 69-75.
Pan, T., Liu, Y., Si, C., Bai, Y., Qiao, S., Zhao, L., Xu, J., Dong, Z., Luo, Q. and Liu, J., 2017. Construction of ATP-switched allosteric antioxidant selenoenzyme. ACS Catalysis 3: 1875-1879.
Patel, S.A., Velingkaar, N.S. and Kondratov, R.V., 2014. Transcriptional control of antioxidant defense by the circadian clock. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 20: 2997-3006.
Pierron, A., Alassane-Kpembi, I. and Oswald, I.P., 2016. Impact of mycotoxin on immune response and consequences for pig health. Animal Nutrition 2: 63-68.
Plaa, G.L., 2010. Evaluation of hepatotoxicity: physiological and biochemical measures of hepatic function in animals. In: Roth, R.A. and Ganey, P. (eds.) Comprehensive toxicology, 2nd edition. Vol. 9. Elsevier, New York, NY, USA, pp. 129-140.
Prasath, N.B., Rao, G.V.S., Balachandran, C. and Manohar, B.M., 2009. Effect of T-2 toxin on haematological and serum biochemical parameters and immune response status in turkey poults. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology 33: 173-176.
Pussemier, L., Piérard, J.Y., Anselme, M., Tangni, E.K., Motte, J.C. and Larondelle, Y., 2006. Development and application of analytical methods for the determination of mycotoxins in organic and conventional wheat. Food Additives and Contaminants 23: 1208-1218.
Rahman, I., Kode, A. and Biswas, S.K., 2007. Assay for quantitative determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels using enzymatic recycling method. Nature Protocols 1: 3159-3165.
Rezar, V., Frankic, T., Narat, M., Levart, A. and Salobir, J., 2007. Dose-dependent effects of T-2 toxin on performance, lipid peroxidation, and genotoxicity in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 86: 1155-1160.
Rikans, L.E. and Hornbrook, K.R., 1997. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant protection and aging. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1362: 116-127.
Rikans, L.E., Moore, D.R. and Snowden, C.D., 1991. Sex-dependent differences in the effects of aging on antioxidant defense mechanisms of rat liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1074: 195-200.
Rodriguez, C., Mayo, J.C., Sainz, R.M., Antolín, I., Herrera, F., Martín, V. and Reiter, R.J., 2004. Regulation of antioxidant enzymes: a significant role for melatonin. Journal of Pineal Research 36: 1-9.
Smith, T.K., 1992. Recent advances in the understanding of Fusarium trichothecene mycotoxicoses. Journal of Animal Science 70(12): 3989-3993.
Sobocanec, S., Balog, T., Kusić, B., Sverko, V., Sarić, A. and Marotti, T., 2008. Differential response to lipid peroxidation in male and female mice with age: correlation of antioxidant enzymes matters. Biogerontology 9: 335-343.
Sobocanec, S., Balog, T., Sverko, V. and Marotti, T., 2005. Metenkephalin modulation of age-related changes in red cell antioxidant status. Physiological Research 54: 97-104.
Sokolovic, M., Garaj-Vrhovac, V. and Simpraga, B., 2008. T-2 toxin incidence and toxicity in poultry. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 59: 43-52.
Strasser, A., Carra, M., Awad, G.W. and Böhm, J., 2013. Protective effects of antioxidants on deoxynivalenol-induced damage in murine lymphoma cells. Mycotoxin Research 29: 203-208.
Surai, P.F., 1999. Tissue-specific changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes during the development of the chicken embryo. British Poultry Science 40: 397-405.
Surai, P.F., 2002. Natural antioxidants in avian nutrition and reproduction. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK, pp. 456-510.
Surai, P.F., Dvorska, J.E., Sparks, N.H. and Jacques, A., 2002. Impact of mycotoxins on the body’s antioxidant defense. In: Lyons, T.P. and Jacques, K.A. (eds.) Proceedings of Alltech’s 18th Annual Symposium on Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. May 13-15, 2002. Lexington, KY, USA. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.
Surai, P.F., Fisinin, V.I. and Karadas, F., 2016. Antioxidant systems in chick embryo development. Part 1. Vitamin E, carotenoids and selenium. Animal Nutrition 2: 1-11.
Sverko, V., Balog, T., Sobocanec, S., Gavella, M. and Marotti, T., 2002. Age-associated alteration of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in CBA and AKR mice. Experimental Gerontology 37: 1031-1039.
Trebstein, A., Seefelder, W., Lauber, U. and Humpf, H.U., 2008. Determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereals including oats after immunoaffinity cleanup by liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56: 4968-4975.
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Chang, Y., Duan, D., Sun, Z. and Guo, X., 2016a. Elevation of IGFBP2 contributes to mycotoxin T-2-induced chondrocyte injury and metabolism. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 478(1): 385-391.
Wang, X., Zuo, Z., Zhao, C., Zhang, Z., Peng, G., Cao, S., Hu, Y., Yu, S., Zhong, Z., Deng, J. and Ren, Z., 2016b. Protective role of selenium in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in piglet splenic lymphocytes exposed to deoxynivalenol. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 47: 53-61.
Weber, M., Balogh, K., Erdélyi, M. and Mézes, M., 2006. Effect of T-2 toxin in combination with vitamin E, selenium and mycotoxin binder on lipid peroxide status and on the glutathione redox system in broiler chicken. Journal of Poultry Science 43: 222-227.
Weber, M., Balogh, K., Fodor, J., Erdélyi, M., Ancsin, Z.S. and Mézes, M., 2010. Effect of T-2 and HT-2 toxin during the growing period on body weight, lipid peroxide and glutathione redox status of broiler chickens. Acta Veterinaria Brno 79: 27-31.
Wen, J., Mu, P. and Deng, Y., 2016. Mycotoxins: cytotoxicity and biotransformation in animal cells. Toxicological Research 5: 377-387.
Wu, H., Wang, X., Yang, W., Nüssler, A.K., Xiong, L.Y., Kuča, K., Dohnal, V., Zhang, X.J. and Yuan, Z.H., 2014. Oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and metabolism of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol in animals and humans: an update. Archives of Toxicology 88: 1309-1326.
Wu, L., Liao, P., He, L., Ren, W., Jie Yin, J., Duan, J. and Tiejun Li, T., 2015. Growth performance, serum biochemical profile, jejunal morphology, and the expression of nutrients transporter genes in deoxynivalenol (DON)-challenged growing pigs. BMC Veterinary Research 11: 144.
Wulund, L. and Reddy, A.B., 2015. A brief history of circadian time: the emergence of redox oscillations as a novel component of biological rhythms. Perspectives in Science 6: 27-37.
Yang, L., Yu, Z., Hou, J., Deng, Y., Zhou, Z., Zhao, Z. and Cui, J., 2016. Toxicity and oxidative stress induced by T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in broilers and broiler hepatocytes. Food and Chemical Toxicology 87: 128-137.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 103 | 37 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 3 | 1 | 0 |
Purpose of this study was to investigate the age-dependent, short-term effects of T-2 toxin (5.77 mg T-2 and 1.40 mg HT-2 toxin/kg feed) or deoxynivalenol (DON) (4.86 mg DON and 1.39 mg 15-acetyl-DON/kg feed) in one and three weeks old broiler chicken to observe the changes in parameters of lipid peroxidation, glutathione redox system, and expression of genes related to glutathione redox system in the first 24 h of mycotoxin exposure. Glutathione-redox system responsed to T-2 toxin exposure in both age groups for T-2 toxin in the first 8 h of exposure, while a reactivation was observed in the 3-week-old group after 20 h, although lipid peroxidation did not change significantly. DON did not alter these parameters, only at gene expression level. Gene expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) showed minor, but significant, changes in both age- and mycotoxin exposure groups. Glutathione reductase (GSR) showed a dual response for the mycotoxin exposure, which was not consequent in either age groups, or treatments. Glutathione synthetase (GSS) showed a decreasing tendency in the younger animals while in the older group elevating tendency was observed as effect of both mycotoxins. Time, treatment and their combined effect also showed relation with the changes in the parameters.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 103 | 37 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 3 | 1 | 0 |