Effect of agronomic practices and weather conditions on mycotoxins in maize: a case study of subsistence farming households in Zimbabwe
äºWorld Mycotoxin JournalInstitute of Food Nutrition and Family Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Search for other papers by M. Ndemera in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by S. Landschoot in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by M. De Boevre in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by L.K. Nyanga in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by S. De Saeger in
Current site
Google Scholar
Maize is susceptible to many mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, being prone toFusarium spp. infection and subsequent mycotoxin contamination. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the predominant mycotoxin in Zimbabwean subsistence-grown maize and results of mycotoxin analyses indicated FB1 to be significantly higher compared to other mycotoxins. To fully elucidate maize agronomic practices influencing FB1 contamination of maize produced by Zimbabwean subsistence farming populations, an investigative field survey was conducted in the selected provinces of Mashonaland West and Manicaland. Agronomic data and associated climatic data were collected during the 2014/2015 agricultural season. A total of 158 maize samples were collected from householdsâ harvest, three months and six months post-harvest. Analysis and quantification of mycotoxin contamination in the maize samples was performed using a validated multi-mycotoxin analysis method with a scope of 23 mycotoxins. Maize was mainly contaminated by FB1. There was low mycotoxin co-occurrence in Zimbabwean maize, which was typically ofFusarium toxins. FB1 occurred in 23, 47 and 47% of samples at harvest, three and six months post-harvest, respectively. The corresponding means of positive samples were 609, 597 and 289 μg/kg, respectively. Regarding fumonisins, the choice of seed and fertiliser application were significant in modulating FB1 contamination. There was no significant difference in mean FB1 contamination during post-harvest maize storage. Daily temperatures were key factors influencing FB1 incidence and levels. High temperatures were associated with high FB1 contamination particularly at the flowering stage of maize. Rainfall was positively correlated with FB1 contamination. Good agricultural practices attributed to low FB1 contamination in maize pre-harvest. Post-harvest practices such as preserving seed integrity by preventing pest infestation using grain protection chemicals are important in achieving lower mycotoxin contamination and in particular, FB1, in maize grain.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Aktar, M.W., Sengupta, D. and Chowdhury, A., 2009. Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards. Interdisciplinary Toxicology 2: 1-12.
'Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards ' () 2 Interdisciplinary Toxicology : 1 -12.
-
Blandino, M., Reyneri, A. and Vanara, F., 2008a. Effect of plant density on toxigenic fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels. Field Crops Research 106: 234-241.
'Effect of plant density on toxigenic fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels ' () 106 Field Crops Research : 234 -241.
-
Blandino, M., Reyneri, A. and Vanara, F., 2008b. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels. Crop Protection 27: 222-230.
'Influence of nitrogen fertilization on mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels ' () 27 Crop Protection : 222 -230.
-
Blandino, M., Reyneri, A., Vanara, F., Pascale, M., Haidukowski, M. and Saporiti, M., 2008c. Effect of sowing date and insecticide application against European corn borer (Lepidoptera:Crambidae) on fumonisin contamination in maize kernels. Crop Protection 27: 1432-1436.
'Effect of sowing date and insecticide application against European corn borer (Lepidoptera:Crambidae) on fumonisin contamination in maize kernels ' () 27 Crop Protection : 1432 -1436.
-
Blandino, M., Saladini, M.A., Reyneri, A., Vanara, F. and Alma, A., 2008d. The influence of sowing date and insecticide treatments onOstrinia nubilalis (Hubner) damage and fumonisin contamination in maize kernels. Maydica 53: 199-206.
'The influence of sowing date and insecticide treatments onOstrinia nubilalis (Hubner) damage and fumonisin contamination in maize kernels ' () 53 Maydica : 199 -206.
-
Cleveland, T.E., Dowd, P.F., Desjardins, A.E., Bhatnagar, D. and Cotty, P.J., 2003. United States Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service research on pre-harvest prevention of mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in US crops. Pest Management Science 59: 629-642.
'United States Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service research on pre-harvest prevention of mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in US crops ' () 59 Pest Management Science : 629 -642.
-
Coakley, J.A. and Bretherton, F.P., 1982. Cloud cover from high-resolution scanner data: detecting and allowing for partially filled fields of view. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 87: 4917-4932.
'Cloud cover from high-resolution scanner data: detecting and allowing for partially filled fields of view ' () 87 Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans : 4917 -4932.
-
Degraeve, S., Madege, R.R., Audenaert, K., Kamala, A., Ortiz, J., Kimanya, M., Tiisekwa, B., De Meulenaer, B. and Haesaert, G., 2015. Impact of local pre-harvest management practices in maize on the occurrence ofFusarium species and associated mycotoxins in two agro-ecosystems in Tanzania. Food Control 59: 225-233.
'Impact of local pre-harvest management practices in maize on the occurrence ofFusarium species and associated mycotoxins in two agro-ecosystems in Tanzania ' () 59 Food Control : 225 -233.
-
Ediage, E.N., Van Poucke, C. and De Saeger, S., 2015. A multi-analyte LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of 23 mycotoxins in different sorghum varieties: the forgotten sample matrix. Food Chemistry 177: 397-404.
'A multi-analyte LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of 23 mycotoxins in different sorghum varieties: the forgotten sample matrix ' () 177 Food Chemistry : 397 -404.
-
European Commission (EC), 2002. Commission Decision 2002/657/EC implementing Council Directive 96/23/EC concerning the performance of analytical methods and the interpretation of results. Official Journal of the European Union L221: 8-36.
-
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 2006. Fertilizer use by crop in Zimbabwe. FAO, Rome, Italy. Available at:http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/a0395e/a0395e00.htm.
-
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 2015. Crop water information: maize. irrigation water management: irrigation water needs. FAO, Rome, Italy. Available at:http://www.fao.org/nr/water/cropinfo_maize.html.
-
Hove, M., De Boevre, M., Lachat, C., Jacxsens, L., Nyanga, L.K. and De Saeger, S., 2016. Occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins in subsistence farmed maize from Zimbabwe. Food Control 69: 36-44.
'Occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins in subsistence farmed maize from Zimbabwe ' () 69 Food Control : 36 -44.
-
Kamala, A., Kimanya, M., Haesaert, G., Tiisekwa, B., Madege, R., Degraeve, S., Cyprian, C. and De Meulenaer, B., 2016. Local post-harvest practices associated with aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of maize in three agro ecological zones of Tanzania. Food Additives and Contaminants Part A 49: 1-9.
'Local post-harvest practices associated with aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of maize in three agro ecological zones of Tanzania ' () 49 Food Additives and Contaminants Part A : 1 -9.
-
KERN, 2013. Operating manual electronic moisture analyser KERN MLB_C. KERN & Sohn GmbH, Balingen, Germany.
-
Kimanya, M.E., De Meulenaer, B., Tiisekwa, B., Ndomondo-Sigonda, M., Devlieghere, F., Van Camp, J. and Kolsteren, P., 2008. Co-occurrence of fumonisins with aflatoxins in home-stored maize for human consumption in rural villages of Tanzania. Food Additives and Contaminants Part A 25: 1353-1364.
'Co-occurrence of fumonisins with aflatoxins in home-stored maize for human consumption in rural villages of Tanzania ' () 25 Food Additives and Contaminants Part A : 1353 -1364.
-
Landschoot, S., Waegeman, W., Audenaert, K., Van Damme, P., Vandepitte, J., De Baets, B. and Haesaert, G., 2013. A field-specific web tool for the prediction ofFusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in Belgium. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 93: 140-148.
'A field-specific web tool for the prediction ofFusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol content in Belgium ' () 93 Computers and Electronics in Agriculture : 140 -148.
-
Mabaye, T., 2005. Land reform in Zimbabwe: an examination of past and present policy short comings and successes and recommendations for improvement. Ethics of Development in a Global Environment, Harare, pp. 1-128. Available at:https://tinyurl.com/yclkedlz.
-
Magan, N. and Aldred, D., 2007. Post-harvest control strategies: minimizing mycotoxins in the food chain. International Journal of Food Microbiology 119: 131-139.
'Post-harvest control strategies: minimizing mycotoxins in the food chain ' () 119 International Journal of Food Microbiology : 131 -139.
-
Medina-MartÃnez, M.S. and MartÃnez, A.J., 2000. Mold occurrence and aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1 determination in corn samples in Venezuela. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48: 2833-2836.
'Mold occurrence and aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1 determination in corn samples in Venezuela ' () 48 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 2833 -2836.
-
Mukanga, M., Derera, J., Tongoona, P. and Laing, M.D., 2010. A survey of pre-harvest ear rot diseases of maize and associated mycotoxins in south and central Zambia. International Journal of Food Microbiology 141: 213-221.
'A survey of pre-harvest ear rot diseases of maize and associated mycotoxins in south and central Zambia ' () 141 International Journal of Food Microbiology : 213 -221.
-
Munkvold, G.P., 2003. Cultural and genetic approaches to managing mycotoxins in maize. Annual Review of Phytopathology 41: 99-116.
'Cultural and genetic approaches to managing mycotoxins in maize ' () 41 Annual Review of Phytopathology : 99 -116.
-
Njumbe Ediage, E., Diana Di Mavungu, J., Monbaliu, S., Van Peteghem, C. and De Saeger, S., 2011. A validated multianalyte LC-MS/MS method for quantification of 25 mycotoxins in cassava flour, peanut cake and maize samples. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59: 5173-5180.
'A validated multianalyte LC-MS/MS method for quantification of 25 mycotoxins in cassava flour, peanut cake and maize samples ' () 59 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 5173 -5180.
-
Pitt, J.I., Taniwaki, M.H. and Cole, M.B., 2013. Mycotoxin production in major crops as influenced by growing, harvesting, storage and processing, with emphasis on the achievement of food safety objectives. Food Control 32: 205-215.
'Mycotoxin production in major crops as influenced by growing, harvesting, storage and processing, with emphasis on the achievement of food safety objectives ' () 32 Food Control : 205 -215.
-
Shephard, G.S., 2008. Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries. Food Additives and Contaminants Part A 25: 146-151.
'Impact of mycotoxins on human health in developing countries ' () 25 Food Additives and Contaminants Part A : 146 -151.
-
United Nations World Food Programme, 2015. El Niño: implications and scenarios for 2015. VAM-Food Security Analysis 12. UN World Food Programme, Rome, Italy.
-
World Bank, 2017. Average rainfall and temperature, Zimbabwe, 1900-2012. World Climate Change Knowledge Portal. Available at:https://tinyurl.com/yctadrsx.
-
Zimbabwe Fertilizer Company, 2016. Maize production guidelines. Agronomy advice. Available at:http://www.zfc.co.zw/agronomy-advice.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 311 | 125 | 14 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 28 | 2 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 31 | 2 | 0 |
Effect of agronomic practices and weather conditions on mycotoxins in maize: a case study of subsistence farming households in Zimbabwe
äºWorld Mycotoxin JournalInstitute of Food Nutrition and Family Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Search for other papers by M. Ndemera in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S. Landschoot in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M. De Boevre in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by L.K. Nyanga in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S. De Saeger in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Maize is susceptible to many mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, being prone toFusarium spp. infection and subsequent mycotoxin contamination. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the predominant mycotoxin in Zimbabwean subsistence-grown maize and results of mycotoxin analyses indicated FB1 to be significantly higher compared to other mycotoxins. To fully elucidate maize agronomic practices influencing FB1 contamination of maize produced by Zimbabwean subsistence farming populations, an investigative field survey was conducted in the selected provinces of Mashonaland West and Manicaland. Agronomic data and associated climatic data were collected during the 2014/2015 agricultural season. A total of 158 maize samples were collected from householdsâ harvest, three months and six months post-harvest. Analysis and quantification of mycotoxin contamination in the maize samples was performed using a validated multi-mycotoxin analysis method with a scope of 23 mycotoxins. Maize was mainly contaminated by FB1. There was low mycotoxin co-occurrence in Zimbabwean maize, which was typically ofFusarium toxins. FB1 occurred in 23, 47 and 47% of samples at harvest, three and six months post-harvest, respectively. The corresponding means of positive samples were 609, 597 and 289 μg/kg, respectively. Regarding fumonisins, the choice of seed and fertiliser application were significant in modulating FB1 contamination. There was no significant difference in mean FB1 contamination during post-harvest maize storage. Daily temperatures were key factors influencing FB1 incidence and levels. High temperatures were associated with high FB1 contamination particularly at the flowering stage of maize. Rainfall was positively correlated with FB1 contamination. Good agricultural practices attributed to low FB1 contamination in maize pre-harvest. Post-harvest practices such as preserving seed integrity by preventing pest infestation using grain protection chemicals are important in achieving lower mycotoxin contamination and in particular, FB1, in maize grain.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 311 | 125 | 14 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 28 | 2 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 31 | 2 | 0 |
