In this study, I focus on the KitÄb al-AwÄʾil (The Book of Firsts) by AbÅ« HilÄl al-Ê¿AskarÄ« (d. after 395/1005), a work that represents a milestone in the literature of awÄʾil. The main aim of my research is â after introducing the genre, the author and the work â to present the eighth chapter (bÄb) of the KitÄb al-AwÄʾil, which explores aspects of the female world while also reflecting life and social relationships of the time. I pay particular attention to the first three stories presented by al-Ê¿AskarÄ«, which I find particular interesting: HÄǧar, the first woman to undergo the practice of female genital mutilation and to have her ears pierced; ZarqÄʾ al-YamÄma, known for her extraordinary eyesight and remembered in al-Ê¿AskarÄ«âs work as the first woman to use antimony to color her eyelids; and finally, Ṭuways and the two female singer slaves (ǧarÄdatÄn), in relation to âthe firstâ who sang in Arabic.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
AbÅ« l-Faraǧ al-Iá¹£fahÄnÄ«, Ê¿AlÄ« ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad, KitÄb al-AÄ¡ÄnÄ«, ed. IḥsÄn Ê¿AbbÄs, IbrÄhÄ«m al-SaÊ¿ÄfÄ«n, Bakr Ê¿AbbÄs, BayrÅ«t, DÄr á¹£Ädir, 2002â2008, 25 vol.
al-Asad, NÄá¹£ir al-DÄ«n, al-QiyÄn wa-l-Ä¡inÄʾ fÄ« l-Ê¿aá¹£r al-ǧÄhilÄ«, al-QÄhira, DÄr al-maÊ¿Ärif, 1969.
al-Aʿšà , MaymÅ«n Ibn Qays, DÄ«wÄn al-Aʿšà MaymÅ«n ibn Qays, ed. MuhÌ£ammad NÄsÌ£ir al-DÄ«n, BayrÅ«t, DÄr al-kutub al-Ê¿ilmiyya, 2003.
al-Ê¿AskarÄ«, AbÅ« HilÄl, KitÄb al-AwÄʾil, ed. Muḥammad al-Sayyid al-WakÄ«l, Ṭaná¹Ä, DÄr al-bašīr li-l-ṯaqÄfa wa-l-Ê¿ulÅ«m al-islÄmiyya, 1987.
Ibn al-NadÄ«m, AbÅ« l-Faraǧ Muḥammad ibn IsḥÄq, KitÄb al-Fihrist, ed. Riá¸Ä Taǧaddud, BayrÅ«t, DÄr al-masÄ«ra, 1998 2.
Ibn ManáºÅ«r, Ǧamal al-DÄ«n, LisÄn al-Ê¿arab, ed. Ê¿A.A. al-KabÄ«r et al., al-QÄhira, DÄr al-maÊ¿Ärif, 1981.
KÄtib Òªelebi (Muá¹£á¹afà ibn Ê¿Abd AllÄh ḤÄǧǧī ḪalÄ«fa), KaÅ¡f al-áºunÅ«n Ê¿an asÄmÄ« al-kutub wa-l-funÅ«n â Lexicon bibliographicum et encyclopaedicum, primum edidit latine vertit et commentario indicibusque instruxit Gustav Flügel, vol. 1, London, Oriental Translation Found of Gt. Brit. & Ireland, 1835â1858.
al-MasʿūdÄ«, AbÅ« al-Ḥasan Ê¿AlÄ« ibn al-Ḥusayn, Les prairies dâor [Murūǧ al-á¸ahab wa maÊ¿Ädin al-ǧawhar], trad. Barbier de Meynard et Pavet de Courteille, revue et corrigée par Charles Pellat, Paris, Société Asiatique, 1962â1997.
al-MaydÄnÄ«, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, MaǧmaÊ¿ al-amṯÄl, ed. Muḥammad AbÅ« l-Faá¸l IbrÄhÄ«m, vol. 1, al-QÄhira, al-ḤalabÄ«, 1977â1979.
al-QalqaÅ¡andÄ«, Å ihÄb al-DÄ«n Aḥmad ibn Ê¿AlÄ«, á¹¢ubḥ al-aʿšà fÄ« á¹£inÄÊ¿at al-inÅ¡Äʾ, vol. 1, al-QÄhira, al-Hayʾah al-miá¹£riyya al-Ê¿Ämma li-l-kitÄb, 1980.
SÌ£ÄlihÌ£, FuʾÄd, Muʿǧam al-awÄʾil fÄ« taʾrīḫ al-Ê¿arab wa-l-muslimÄ«n, DÄr al-manÄhil, BayrÅ«t, 1992.
al-ṬabarÄ«, AbÅ« ǦaÊ¿far Muḥammad ibn ǦarÄ«r ibn YazÄ«d, Taʾrīḫ al-rusul wa-l-mulÅ«k, ed. Muḥammad AbÅ« l-Faá¸l IbrÄhÄ«m, vol. 1, al-QÄhira, DÄr al-maÊ¿Ärif, 1960â1969.
al-Ṭabarī, The History of al-Ṭabarī, vol. II: Prophets and Patriarchs, translated and annotated by W.M. Brinner, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1987.
al-Ṭabarī, The History of al-Ṭabarī, vol. IV: The Ancient Kingdoms, translated and annotated by M. Perlmann, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1987.
al-ṬarafÄ«, AbÅ« Ê¿AbdallÄh Muḥammad, Storie dei profeti, ed. R. Tottoli, Genova, Il Melangolo, 1997.
al-á¹®aÊ¿ÄlibÄ«, AbÅ« Manṣūr Ê¿Abd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad, Laá¹Äʾif al-maÊ¿Ärif â The Book of Curious and Entertaining Information, translated with introduction and notes by C.E. Bosworth, Edinburgh, The University Press, 1968.
al-á¹®aÊ¿labÄ«, AbÅ« IsḥÄq Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-NÄ«sabÅ«rÄ« al-Å Äfiʿī, Ê¿ArÄʾis al-maǧÄlis fÄ« qiá¹£aá¹£ al-anbiyÄʾ or Lives of the Prophets, translated and annotated by W. Brinner, Leiden-Boston-Köln, Brill, 2002.
Beeston, A.F.L., The Epistle on Singing-Girls of JÄḥiáº, Warminster, Aris & Phillips LTD, 1980.
Beeston, A.F.L.; Johnstone, T.M.; Serjeant, R.B.; Smith, G.R., eds, The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature, vol. 1: Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Beeston, A.F.L., âTubbaÊ¿â, EI2.
Canova, G., âTradizioni relative alla circoncisione in Alto Egittoâ, Annali della facoltà di lingue e letterature straniere di Caâ Foscari, Serie Orientale 12, XX, 3 (1981), p. 43â56.
Cantarino, V., Arabic Poetics in The Golden Age Selection of Texts Accompanied by a Preliminary Study, Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1975.
Capezio, O., âLa présence des qiyÄn à lâépoque préislamiqueâ : les «â deux sauterellesâ » ǦarÄdatÄ Ê¿Ädâ, JAIS, 23 (2023), p. 1â16.
Caskel, W., âal-AÊ¿s̲h̲Äâ, EI2.
Cassarino, M., âScenographic Aspects in a Story from the KitÄb al-AÄ¡ÄnÄ«: the Encounter between SaǧÄḥ and Musaylimaâ, QSA n.s., 19 (2024), p. 50â67.
Cassarino, M., âThe Portrait of a Shiite woman in the KitÄb al-AÄ¡ÄnÄ«: Sukayna Bint al-Ḥusaynâ, in Il mondo musulmano: religione, storia, letteratura, Studi in memoria di Biancamaria Scarcia Amoretti, L. Bottini, C. Baldazzi (a cura di), Roma, Istituto per lâOriente C.A. Nallino, 2024, p. 85â110.
Cassarino, M., âBetween Function and Fiction: The Representation of Women in al-IbshÄ«hÄ«âs Mustaá¹rafâ, in MamlÅ«k Studies Review, XXI (2018), p. 1â20.
Cassarino, M., âInterpreting two Stories of the KitÄb al-AÄ¡ÄnÄ«: a Gender-Based Approachâ, QSA n.s., 9 (2014), p. 181â193.
Caussin de Perceval, A.P., Essai sur lâhistoire des Arabes avant lâislamisme, pendant lâépoque de Mahomet et jusquâà la réduction de toutes les tribus sous la loi musulmane, vol. 1, Paris, Librairie de Firmin Didot Frères, 1947.
Dalgleish, K., âSome Aspects of the Treatment of Emotion in the âDÄ«wÄnâ of al-AÊ¿shÄâ, JAL, 4 (1973), p. 97â111.
Douglas, J.D., ed., The New Bible Dictionary, London, Inter-Varsity Press, 1962.
Dziekan, M.M., âSearching for the origins of things. On the Ê¿ilm al-awÄʾil in the culture of the Arabic Middle Agesâ, Studia Arabistyczne i Islamistyczne, 4 (1996), p. 13â27.
Farmer, H.G., A History of Arabian Music to the XIIIth Century, London, Luzac & Co 1929.
Farmer, H.G.-[Neubauer, E.], âṬuwaysâ, EI2.
Fück, J.W., âal-Ê¿AskarÄ«â, EI2.
Ghersetti, A., The First Generation of Andalusi Grammarians in al-ZubaydÄ«âs ṬabaqÄt al NaḥwiyyÄ«n wa-l-LuÄ¡awiyyÄ«n. The Search for an Andalusi Identity, in The Arabic Linguistic Tradition in Sicily and al-Andalus, eds C. La Rosa and F. Grande, Roma, Istituto per lâOriente C.A. Nallino, 2022, p. 43â75.
Ghersetti, A., âDe lâintelligence et des femmes. Les femmes sagaces dans les AkhbÄr al-adhkiyÄʾ (Histoires de sagaces) dâIbn al-JawzÄ«â, Journal of Women of the Middle East and the Islamic World, 19 (2021), p. 339â365.
Ginzberg, L., The Legends of the Jews, Philadelphia, The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1913.
Hammond, M., âHe said âShe Saidâ: Narrations of Womenâs Verse in Classical Arabic Literature. A Case Study: NazhÅ«nâs HijÄʾ of AbÅ« Bakr al-MakhzÅ«mÄ«â, Arabic Middle Eastern Literatures, 6 (2003), p. 3â18.
Heinrichs, W.P., âAbÅ« HilÄl al-Ê¿AskarÄ«â, EAL, 2 vols., London-New York, Routledge, 1998 (repr. 2010), I, p. 35â36.
Joseph, S. ed., Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures, vol. 1 Methodologies, Paradigms and Sources, Leiden-Boston, Brill, 2003.
Kanazi, G., âThe Works of AbÅ« HilÄl al-Ê¿AskarÄ«â, Arabica, 22, 1 (1975), p. 61â70.
Kazimirski, A. De Biberstein, Dictionnaire Arabe-Français, Paris, Maisonneuve, 1860, 2 vols.
Kilpatrick, H., âWomen as Poets and Chattels. AbÅ« l-Faraǧ al-Iá¹£bahÄnÄ«âs Ê¿al-ImÄʾ al-Å awÄÊ¿irâ, QSA, 9 (1991), p. 161â176.
Lane, E.W., An Arabic-English Lexicon, 1863. https://www.laneslexicon.com/#.
Lane, E.W., Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians, London, J.M. Dent & Co.; New York, E.P. Dutton & Co, 1908.
Leopardi, A.L., Il KitÄb al-AwÄʾil: nascita e sviluppo di un genere storico-letterario, PhD Thesis, Napoli, Istituto Universitario Orientale, 1999â2000.
Lo Jacono, C., La prima storiografia islamica. Modelli e prestiti, in Lo spazio letterario del Medioevo, 3. Le culture circostanti, vol. II, La cultura arabo-islamica, Biancamaria Scarcia Amoretti (a cura di). Roma, Salerno editrice, 2003, p. 259â296.
Malti-Douglas, F., Womanâs Body, Womanâs Word: Gender and Discourse in Arabo-Islamic Writing, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1991.
Marçais, Ph., âÊ¿Aynâ, EI2.
MarÃn, M.; Deguilhem, R., eds, Writing the Feminine. Women in Arab Sources, London-New York, I.B. Tauris, 2002.
Momigliano, A., Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography, Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1977.
Myrne, P., Narrative, Gender and Authority in Ê¿AbbÄsid Literature on Women, Göteborg, Orientalia Gothoburgensia, 2010.
Nicholson, R.A., A Literary History of the Arabs, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1953.
Pellat, Ch., âD̲j̲arÄdatÄniâ, EI2 (suppl.).
Perron, N., Femmes arabes avant et depuis lâislamisme, Paris, Librairie Nouvelle; Alger, Tissier, Libraire éditeur, 1858.
Riffat, H., âIslamic Hagar and Her Familyâ, in Hagar, Sarah, and their Children, edited by Phyllis Trible and Letty M. Russell, Louisville, Kentucky, Westminster Knox Press, 2006, p. 149â167.
Rosenthal, F., âAwÄʾilâ, EI2.
Rosenthal, F., A History of Muslim Historiography, Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1968 (second revised edition).
Rowson, E.K., âThe Effeminates of Early Medinaâ, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 111, no. 4 (1991), p. 671â693.
Shahîd, I., âZarḳÄʾ al-YamÄmaâ, EI2.
Shalev, D., âThe Role of εá½ÏήμαÏα in the Lives of Diogenes Laertius, and Related Literatureâ, Hermes, 134, 3 (2006), p. 309â337.
Streck, M.-[Lockhart, L.], âÊ¿Askar Mukramâ, EI2.
Tottoli, R., Biblical Prophets in the QurʾÄn and Muslim Literature, London & New York, Routledge, 2002.
Tottoli, R., âHagarâ, EI3.
Touma, H.H., The Music of the Arabs, translated by L. Schwartz, Portland, Amadeus Press, 1996 (new expanded edition).
Wiedemann, E., â [J.W. Allan], âAl-Kuḥlâ, EI2.
ZakÄ« MubÄrak, M., La prose Arabe au IVe siècle de lâHégire, Paris, Maisonneuve Frères, 1931.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 57 | 57 | 7 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 6 | 6 | 1 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 13 | 13 | 2 |
In this study, I focus on the KitÄb al-AwÄʾil (The Book of Firsts) by AbÅ« HilÄl al-Ê¿AskarÄ« (d. after 395/1005), a work that represents a milestone in the literature of awÄʾil. The main aim of my research is â after introducing the genre, the author and the work â to present the eighth chapter (bÄb) of the KitÄb al-AwÄʾil, which explores aspects of the female world while also reflecting life and social relationships of the time. I pay particular attention to the first three stories presented by al-Ê¿AskarÄ«, which I find particular interesting: HÄǧar, the first woman to undergo the practice of female genital mutilation and to have her ears pierced; ZarqÄʾ al-YamÄma, known for her extraordinary eyesight and remembered in al-Ê¿AskarÄ«âs work as the first woman to use antimony to color her eyelids; and finally, Ṭuways and the two female singer slaves (ǧarÄdatÄn), in relation to âthe firstâ who sang in Arabic.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 57 | 57 | 7 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 6 | 6 | 1 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 13 | 13 | 2 |