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Borders without Consent: Revisiting Uti Possidetis Juris in the Sylhet Referendum of 1947

New Zealand Yearbook of International Law Online
著者:
A Z M Umar Faruque Siddiki Faculty of Law, Jahangirnagar University Bangladesh

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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3204-2538
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Tamanna Aziz Tuli Faculty of Law, Jahangirnagar University Bangladesh

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https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0552-2748
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Abstract

This article asks how and why uti possidetis juris was applied, and at times set aside, during the 1947 partition of British India, with a focus on Sylhet referendum. Drawing on doctrinal analysis of ICJ jurisprudence and primary sources, this paper argues that the doctrine functioned primarily as a normative anchor for territorial stability yet was modified in specific cases through selective political interventions that sidelined minority voices. It also explores a conditional framework centred on procedural legitimacy, territorial contiguity, minority safeguards, and international oversight for evaluating when deviations from uti possidetis juris can be justified. This framework clarifies how legal doctrine and self-determination need not be mutually exclusive.

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