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Negotiating Republican Islam
The Conseil français du culte musulman and the Debates on Headscarves and Full Veils
in Journal of Religion in EuropeSearch for other papers by Johanna Konttori in
Current site
Google Scholar
The article analyzes the discursive construction of republican Islam by French parliamentarians and the representatives of the French Council of the Muslim Faith (cfcm or Conseil français du culte musulman) during the debates on headscarves and full veils. It is argued that even though both parties agreed generally on the need to promote moderate Islam that is loyal to French laws, values and principles, there were also several issues that divided these parties. The article employs the framework of analytics of government and highlights the element of negotiation and the active role of the different parties involved in the regulation of Islam.
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Adrian Melanie, “A Common Life amidst Fragmentation: A Consideration of German and French Approaches to the Integration of Muslims,” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 31/3 (2011), 411–422.
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Bader Veit, “The Governance of Islam in Europe: The Perils of Modelling,” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 33/6 (2007), 871–886.
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Bloul Rachel, , “Engendering Muslim Identities. Deterritorialization and the Ethnicization Process in France,” Daly Metcalf Barbara (ed.), Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe, Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies 22. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996), 234–250.
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Bowen John R., “Does French Islam Have Borders? Dilemmas of Domestication in a Global Religious Field,” American Anthropologist 106/1 (2004), 43–55.
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———, Why the French Don’t Like Headscarves. Islam, the State, and Public Space (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2007).
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———, “Recognising Islam in France after 9/11,” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 35/3 (2009), 439–452.
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Boyer Alain, “La representation du culte musulman en France,” French Politics, Culture & Society 23/1 (2005), 8–22.
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Caeiro Alexandre, , “Religious Authorities or Political Actors? The Muslim Leaders of the French Representative Body of Islam,” Cesari Jocelyne, & McLoughlin Seán (eds.), European Muslims and the Secular State, reprinted 2010, The Network of Comparative Research on Islam and Muslims in Europe (Farnham and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005), 71–84.
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Commission presidée par Bernard Stasi, Laïcité et République. Rapport au Président de la République (Paris: La Documentation française, 2004).
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Dean Mitchell, Governmentality. Power and Rule in Modern Society, 2nd edition (London: Sage, 2010).
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Debré Jean-Louis, Rapport fait au nom de la mission d’information sur la question du port des signes religieux à l’école, Rapport no. 1275 (2003). http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/12/rapports/r1275-t2.asp, 5ème partie (accessed 5 May 2014).
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Ferrari Alessandro, & Pastorelli Sabrina (eds.), The Burqa Affair Across Europe. Between Public and Private Space, Cultural Diversity and Law in Association with religare (Farnham, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2013).
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Fornerod Anne, , “The burqa affair in France,” Ferrari Alessandro, & Pastorelli Sabrina (eds.), The Burqa Affair Across Europe. Between Public and Private Space, Cultural Diversity and Law in Association with religare (Farnham, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2013), 59–76.
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Frégosi Franck, L’islam dans la laïcité, Préface inédite (Paris: Fayard/Pluriel, 2011).
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Gerin André, Rapport d’information fait en application de l’article 145 du Règlement au nom de la mission d’information sur la pratique du port du voile intégral sur le territoire national, Rapport no. 2262 (2010). http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/13/pdf/rap-info/i2262.pdf (accessed 5 May 2014).
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Gunn T. Jeremy, “Religious Freedom and Laïcité: A Comparison of the United States and France,” Brigham Young University Law Review 2004/2 (2004), 419–506.
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Hervieu-Léger Danièle, , “Islam and the Republic: The French Case,” Banchoff Thomas (ed.), Democracy and the New Religious Pluralism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), 203–221.
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Inda Jonathan Xavier, , “Analytics of the Modern. An Introduction,” Xavier Inda Jonathan (ed.), Anthropologies of Modernity: Foucault, Governmentality, and Life Politics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2005), 1–20.
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Kaisto Jani, & Pyykkönen Miikka, , “Johdanto. Hallinnan analytiikan suuntaviivoja,” Kaisto Jani, & Pyykkönen Miikka (eds.), Hallintavalta: sosiaalisen, politiikan ja talouden kysymyksiä (Helsinki: Gaudeamus, 2010), 7–24.
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Konttori Johanna, , “Musliminaisten pukeutumisen hallintaa 2000-luvun Ranskassa,” Martikainen Tuomas, & Tiilikainen Marja (eds.), Islam, hallinta ja turvallisuus, Eetos-julkaisuja 12 (Turku: Eetos, 2013), 133–157.
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Laurence Jonathan, “From the Élysée Salon to the Table of the Republic: State-Islam Relations and the Integration of Muslims in France,” French Politics, Culture & Society 23/1 (2005), 37–64.
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———, The Emancipation of Europe’s Muslims. The State’s Role in Minority Integration, Princeton Studies in Muslim Politics (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2012).
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Laurence Jonathan, & Vaisse Justin, Integrating Islam. Political and Religious Challenges in Contemporary France (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2006).
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Leane Geoffrey W. G., “Rights of Ethnic Minorities in Liberal Democracies: Has France Gone Too Far in Banning Muslim Women from Wearing the Burka?,” Human Rights Quarterly 33/4 (2011), 1032–1061.
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Leveau Remy, & Hunter Shireen T., , “Islam in France,” Hunter Shireen T. (ed.), Islam, Europe’s Second Religion. The New Social, Cultural, and Political Landscape, published in cooperation with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, d.c. (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2002), 3–28.
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Martikainen Tuomas, “The Governance of Islam in Finland,” Temenos 43/2 (2007), 243–265.
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Martikainen Tuomas, & Tiilikainen Marja (eds.), Islam, hallinta ja turvallisuus, Eetos-julkaisuja 12 (Turku: Eetos, 2013).
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Maussen Marcel, The Governance of Islam in Western Europe: A State of the Art Report. imiscoe Working Paper 16 (2007). http://dare.uva.nl/document/53746 (accessed 19 September 2013).
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McGoldrick Dominic, , “Muslim veiling controversies in Europe,” S.Nielsen Jørgen, , Akgönül Samim, , Alibašić Ahmet, , Maréchal Brigitte, & Moe Christian (eds.), Yearbook of Muslims in Europe, Volume 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2009), 427–474.
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Moors Annelies, “The Dutch and the face-veil: The politics of discomfort,” Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 17/4 (2009), 393–408.
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Nielsen Jørgen S., , Akgönül Samim, , Alibašić Ahmet, Brigitte Maréchal & Christian Moe (eds.), Yearbook of Muslims in Europe, Volume 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2009).
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Rose Nikolas, Powers of Freedom. Reframing Political Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
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Roy Olivier, La laïcité face à l’islam (Paris: Stock, 2005).
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Scott Joan Wallach, The Politics of the Veil, The Public Square Book Series (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2007).
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Selby Jennifer A., “Islam in France Reconfigured: Republican Islam in the 2010 Gerin Report,” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 31/3 (2011), 383–398.
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Villard Florent, & Sayegh Pascal-Yan, , “Redefining a (Mono)cultural Nation: Political Discourse against Multiculturalism in Contemporary France,” Taras Raymond (ed.), Challenging Multiculturalism. European Models of Diversity (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013), 236–254.
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Winter Bronwyn, Hijab and the Republic. Uncovering the French Headscarf Debate, Gender and Globalization (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2008).
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Zeghal Malika, “La constitution du Conseil Français du Culte Musulman: reconnaissance politique d‘un Islam français?,” Archives de sciences sociales des religions 129 (2005), 97–113.
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6
John R. Bowen, “Recognising Islam in France after 9/11,” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 35/3 (2009), 439–452, here 441.
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7
For instance, Alain Boyer, “La representation du culte musulman en France,” French Politics, Culture & Society 23/1 (2005), 8–22 and Jonathan Laurence, “From the Élysée Salon to the Table of the Republic: State-Islam Relations and the Integration of Muslims in France,” French Politics, Culture & Society 23/1 (2005), 37–64.
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8
Veit Bader, “The Governance of Islam in Europe: The Perils of Modelling,” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 33/6 (2007), 871–886, here 873; Nikolas Rose, Powers of Freedom. Reframing Political Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 15; Jani Kaisto & Miikka Pyykkönen, “Johdanto. Hallinnan analytiikan suuntaviivoja,” Jani Kaisto & Miikka Pyykkönen (eds.), Hallintavalta: sosiaalisen, politiikan ja talouden kysymyksiä (Helsinki: Gaudeamus, 2010), 7–24, here 7.
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15
Jennifer A. Selby, “Islam in France Reconfigured: Republican Islam in the 2010 Gerin Report,” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 31/3 (2011), 383–398.
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17
Bader, “The Governance,” 873; Maussen, The Governance, 5–6.
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37
Caeiro, “Religious,” 71; Zeghal, “La constitution,” 98.
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40
Caeiro, “Religious,” 73; Zeghal, “La constitution,” 103–104.
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41
Caeiro, “Religious,” 79; Zeghal, “La constitution,” 110–111.
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46
For instance Debré, Rapport, 14; Gerin, Rapport, 395. The reasonings of the commissions (most notably the Stasi Commission) that worked during the headscarf and full veil debates, as well as the laws of 2004 and 2010 and their (unwanted) consequences have been criticized in research literature. To give just a few examples, see Gunn, “Religious Freedom” and Leane, “Rights”.
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49
See for instance Olivier Roy, La laïcité face à l’islam (Paris: Stock, 2005), 160–165 and Remy Leveau & Shireen T. Hunter, “Islam in France,” Shireen T. Hunter (ed.), Islam, Europe’s Second Religion. The New Social, Cultural, and Political Landscape, published in cooperation with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, d.c. (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2002), 3–28, here 12–13. It is interesting to note the difference of tone between the 2003 hearings of the Rector of the Paris Mosque Dalil Boubakeur and the General Secretary of uoif Fouad Alaoui. While the former was praised for courageously defending laïcité and his quest for moderate Islam, the loyalty of the latter was more or less questioned. This is, however, in accord with the fact that Paris Mosque had close ties with the state even before the establishment of the cfcm, while uoif and its links to the Muslim Brotherhood have caused concerns.
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74
See also John R. Bowen, “Does French Islam Have Borders? Dilemmas of Domestication in a Global Religious Field,” American Anthropologist 106/1 (2004), 43–55.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 345 | 94 | 7 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 196 | 7 | 1 |
| PDF-Downloads | 56 | 14 | 3 |
Negotiating Republican Islam
The Conseil français du culte musulman and the Debates on Headscarves and Full Veils
in Journal of Religion in EuropeSearch for other papers by Johanna Konttori in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
The article analyzes the discursive construction of republican Islam by French parliamentarians and the representatives of the French Council of the Muslim Faith (cfcm or Conseil français du culte musulman) during the debates on headscarves and full veils. It is argued that even though both parties agreed generally on the need to promote moderate Islam that is loyal to French laws, values and principles, there were also several issues that divided these parties. The article employs the framework of analytics of government and highlights the element of negotiation and the active role of the different parties involved in the regulation of Islam.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 345 | 94 | 7 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 196 | 7 | 1 |
| PDF-Downloads | 56 | 14 | 3 |
