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“Verbod op onverdoofd ritueel slachten onder vuur in Eerste Kamer,” Trouw (13.12.2011), http://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/5948/Dierenwelzijn/article/detail/3075018/2011/12/13/ Verbod-op-onverdoofd-ritueel-slachten-onder-vuur-in-Eerste-Kamer.dhtml (accessed 1 December 2011).

Wilders, Geert, “Genoeg is genoeg: verbied de Koran,” Volkskrant (8.8.2007), http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2686/Binnenland/article/detail/870859/2007/08/08/Genoeg-is -genoeg-verbied-de-Koran.dhtml (accessed 27 October 2010).

“Speech by Geert Wilders on the First Day of the General Debate in the Dutch Parliament,” Geert Wilders Weblog (18.9.2009), http://www.geertwilders.nl/index.php?option=com _content&task=view&id=1595 (accessed 1 December 2011).

 Charles Taylor, A Secular Age (Boston: Harvard University Press, 2007).

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 Willem Schinkel, “The Virtualization of Citizenship,” Critical Sociology 36/2 (2010), 265–283. See also P.J.H. Mepschen, J.W. Duyvendak, & E.H. Tonkens, “Sexual politics, Orientalism, and Multicultural Citizenship in the Netherlands DOI:dx.doi.org,” Sociology 44/5 (2010), 962–979 and J.W. Duyvendak & P.W.A. Scholten, “Beyond the Dutch Multicultural Model: The Coproduction of Integration Policy Frames in The Netherlands,” Journal of International Migration and Integration 12/3 (2011), 331–348.

 Willem Schinkel, “The Virtualization of Citizenship,” Critical Sociology 36/2 (2010), 265–283. See also P.J.H. Mepschen, J.W. Duyvendak, & E.H. Tonkens, “Sexual politics, Orientalism, and Multicultural Citizenship in the Netherlands DOI:dx.doi.org,” Sociology 44/5 (2010), 962–979 and J.W. Duyvendak & P.W.A. Scholten, “Beyond the Dutch Multicultural Model: The Coproduction of Integration Policy Frames in The Netherlands,” Journal of International Migration and Integration 12/3 (2011), 331–348.)| false
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 Hans Knippenberg, “The Changing Relationship Between State and Church/Religion in the Netherlands,” GeoJounal 67/4 (2006), 317–330. See also Hans Knippenberg, “Secularization in the Netherlands in its Historical and Geographical Dimensions,” GeoJounal 45/3 (1998), 209–220.

 Hans Knippenberg, “The Changing Relationship Between State and Church/Religion in the Netherlands,” GeoJounal 67/4 (2006), 317–330. See also Hans Knippenberg, “Secularization in the Netherlands in its Historical and Geographical Dimensions,” GeoJounal 45/3 (1998), 209–220.)| false
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 Frank J. Lechner, The Netherlands: Globalization and National Identity (New York: Routledge, 2008). See also Peter van der Veer, “Pim Fortuyn, Theo van Gogh, and the Politics of Tolerance in the Netherlands,” Public Culture 18 (2006), 111–124 and Schinkel, “Virtualization.” Furthermore, see Friso van Houdt, Semin Suvarierol & Willem Schinkel, “Neoliberal Communitarian Citizenship: Current Trends Towards ‘Earned Citizenship’ in the United Kingdom, France, and the Netherlands,” International Sociology 26/3 (2011), 408–432, and Sipco Vellenga, “The Dutch and British Public Debate on Islam: Responses to the Killing of Theo van Gogh and the London Bombings Compared,” DOI:dx.doi.org Islam and Christian-Muslim Relation 19/4 (2008), 449–471.

 Frank J. Lechner, The Netherlands: Globalization and National Identity (New York: Routledge, 2008). See also Peter van der Veer, “Pim Fortuyn, Theo van Gogh, and the Politics of Tolerance in the Netherlands,” Public Culture 18 (2006), 111–124 and Schinkel, “Virtualization.” Furthermore, see Friso van Houdt, Semin Suvarierol & Willem Schinkel, “Neoliberal Communitarian Citizenship: Current Trends Towards ‘Earned Citizenship’ in the United Kingdom, France, and the Netherlands,” International Sociology 26/3 (2011), 408–432, and Sipco Vellenga, “The Dutch and British Public Debate on Islam: Responses to the Killing of Theo van Gogh and the London Bombings Compared,” DOI:dx.doi.org Islam and Christian-Muslim Relation 19/4 (2008), 449–471.)| false
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 Frank J. Lechner, The Netherlands: Globalization and National Identity (New York: Routledge, 2008), 75, 79.

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 Afshin Ellian, “Emancipation and Integration of Dutch Muslims in Light of a Process Polarization and the Threat of Political Islam,” Middle East Program, Occasional Paper Series (Washington: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Summer 2009), 15–23.

 Afshin Ellian, “Emancipation and Integration of Dutch Muslims in Light of a Process Polarization and the Threat of Political Islam,” Middle East Program, Occasional Paper Series (Washington: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Summer 2009), 15–23.)| false
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 Judith Butler, “Sexual Politics, Torture, and Secular Time,” British Journal of Sociology 59 (2008), 1–23.

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 Mepschen, “Sexual Politics,” 964.

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 Talal Asad, Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003). See also José Casanova, “Public Religions Revisited,” in: Hent de Vries (ed.), Religion: Beyond a Concept (New York: Fordham University Press, 2007), 101–119.

 Talal Asad, Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003). See also José Casanova, “Public Religions Revisited,” in: Hent de Vries (ed.), Religion: Beyond a Concept (New York: Fordham University Press, 2007), 101–119.)| false
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 Tariq Modood, “Moderate Secularism, Religion as Identity, and Respect for Religion,” The Political Quarterly 81 (2010), 4–14.

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 Ahmed Kuru, Secularism and State Policies toward Religion: The United States, France, and Turkey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009).

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 Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, “Multiple Modernities,” Daedalus 129 (2000), 1–29.

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 Ann Swidler, “Culture in Action: Symbols and Strategies,” American Sociological Review 51 (1986), 273–286, 378–379.

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 Lechner, “Netherlands,” 107.

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 Arendt Lijphart, Verzuiling, pacificatie en kentering in de Nederlands politiek (Haarlem: Netherlands, 1992).

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 Hans Daalder, “Ancient and Modern Pluralism in the Netherlands: The 1989 Erasmus Lectures at Harvard University,” Harvard University Working Paper Nr. 22 (1989–1990), 33.

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 M.P.C.M. van Schendelen, “Verzuiling en Restauratie in de Nederlandse Politiek,” Beleid en Maatschappij 5 (1978), 42–64.

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 Friso Wielenga, Die Niederlande: Politik und politische Kultur im 20. Jahrhundert (Münster: Waxmann, 2008).

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 Van Dam (2011) has recently criticized the concept of pillarization as a myth that paints an overly static picture of Dutch society. We partially agree but deem it justified using the concept with regard to the dominant mode of organizing diversity. Peter van Dam, Staat van verzuiling: Over een Nederlandse mythe (Amsterdam: Wereldbibliotheek, 2011).

 Van der Veer, “Pim Fortuyn,” 118.

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 Lechner, “Netherlands,” 103–105.

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 Kennedy, “Babylon,” 45–53.

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 Daalder, “Pluralism,” 54–55; Mellink “polarisatie,” 27–29.

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 Walter Goddijn, “Some Religious Developments in the Netherlands (1947–1979) as Documented by a Few Surveys and Census Data,” Social Compass 30/4 (1983), 409–424, 415.

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 J.W. Becker & R. Vink, Secularisatie in Nederland 1966–1991: De verandering van opvattingen en enkele gedragingen (Rijswijk: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau, 1994), 49.

 J.W. Becker & R. Vink, Secularisatie in Nederland 1966–1991: De verandering van opvattingen en enkele gedragingen (Rijswijk: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau, 1994), 49.)| false
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 Bernts, “God,” 52.

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 Mepschen, “Sexual politics,” 967.

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 Mepschen, “Sexual politics,” 970.

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 Gert Hekma, “Imams and Homosexuality: A Post-gay Debate in the Netherlands,” Sexualities 5/2 (2002), 237–248.

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 Geert Wilders, “Genoeg is Genoeg: Verbied de Koran,” Volkskrant 8.8.2007. http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2686/Binnenland/article/detail/870859/2007/08/08/Genoeg-is -genoeg-verbied-de-Koran.dhtml (accessed 27 October 2010).

 Geert Wilders, “Genoeg is Genoeg: Verbied de Koran,” Volkskrant 8.8.2007. http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2686/Binnenland/article/detail/870859/2007/08/08/Genoeg-is -genoeg-verbied-de-Koran.dhtml (accessed 27 October 2010).)| false
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 Job Cohen, “Sociaal-democratie en religie: de omgekeerde Doorbraak,” Socialisme en Democratie 7/8 (2006), 49–53.

 Job Cohen, “Sociaal-democratie en religie: de omgekeerde Doorbraak,” Socialisme en Democratie 7/8 (2006), 49–53.)| false
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 TK 22, 1285.

 TK 22, 1289.

 TK 22, 1282.

 Geert Wilders, “Speech by Geert Wilders on the first day of the General Debate in the Dutch parliament,” Geert Wilders Weblog (18.9.2009). http://www.geertwilders.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1595 (accessed 1 December 2011). Importantly, Wilders has managed to mobilize significant influence on public discourse through his activity on Twitter, which has more than 160.000 followers. On the “Wilders case” see also Lisanne Groen & Martijn Stronks, Entangled Rights of Freedom: Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion, and the Non-Discrimination Principle in the Dutch Wilders Case (The Hague: Eleven International Publishing, 2010).

 Geert Wilders, “Speech by Geert Wilders on the first day of the General Debate in the Dutch parliament,” Geert Wilders Weblog (18.9.2009). http://www.geertwilders.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1595 (accessed 1 December 2011). Importantly, Wilders has managed to mobilize significant influence on public discourse through his activity on Twitter, which has more than 160.000 followers. On the “Wilders case” see also Lisanne Groen & Martijn Stronks, Entangled Rights of Freedom: Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion, and the Non-Discrimination Principle in the Dutch Wilders Case (The Hague: Eleven International Publishing, 2010).)| false
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 TK 22, 1293.

 CW 2010, “Clara Wichmannproefprocessenfonds wil procespartij worden in rechtszaak SGP voor Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens,” Proefprocessenfonds Clara Wichmann (14.10.2010) http://www.clara-wichmann.nl/actueel.php?item_id=63&list_type=search&type_content=sgp (accessed 1 December 2011). CW 2011, “Donner passeert de Hoge Raad voor SGP” Proefprocessenfonds Clara Wichmann (20.4.2011). http://www.clara-wichmann.nl/actueel.php?item_id=69&list_type=search&type_content=sgp (accessed 1 December 2011).

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