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Impact of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) inclusion in broiler diets on growth performance, specific fecal bacteria, and intestinal morphometry

in Journal of Insects as Food and Feed
Autor:innen:
S. Salazar-Villanea Escuela de Zootecnia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-6263
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M. Astúa-Ureña Escuela de Zootecnia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4513-8017
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L. Chaves PRONUVO, Guápiles, Limón, Costa Rica

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https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6586-6574
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C. Salas-Durán Escuela de Zootecnia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5627-6346
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Abstract

Insect meals, particularly those from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae, represent a sustainable protein alternative that supports circular economy principles by recycling agro-industrial by-products. This study evaluated the effects of including full-fat black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in broiler diets on growth performance, specific faecal bacteria, and intestinal morphology. Four dietary treatments were tested: a Control diet, control with bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD; 0.2 g/kg), 5% BSFL and 10% BSFL. From 7 to 35 days, birds on the Control diet consumed less feed ( P < 0.05) but achieved a 4% higher average daily gain than all other treatments. Birds fed 10% BSFL had poorer feed conversion compared with the remaining diets ( P < 0.05). Total coliform counts were higher ( P = 0.03) in birds receiving 10% BSFL, while E. coli, Lactobacillus sp., and Enterococcus spp. were unaffected ( P > 0.05). Control-fed broilers exhibited longer villi and greater villi area compared with the BSFL and BMD diets ( P = 0.0004). Crypt depth was higher in birds fed the Control and 10% BSFL diets than in those given BMD, with intermediate values for 5% BSFL ( P = 0.01). The villi-to-crypt ratio was lowest in the 10% BSFL group ( P = 0.0005). Increasing BSFL inclusion linearly reduced average daily feed intake, average daily gain, villi length, villi area, and villi-to-crypt ratio ( P < 0.05). Overall, full-fat BSFL inclusion impaired growth performance and intestinal health indicators, particularly at 10%, suggesting inclusion levels should not exceed 5%.

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