Optimal and recommended doses of essential amino acids for growth of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae
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Department for Health Sciences and Technology, Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Specific amounts and combinations of essential dietary amino acids are known to be crucial for maximizing growth in livestock, but the effects of balancing amino acids remain largely unstudied for insects. We applied dose-response methodology, commonly used in livestock studies, to determine the optimal dietary essential amino acid composition for optimizing growth in larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)). By adding crystalline amino acids to a semi-artificial diet based on chicken feed, we varied dietary levels of ten amino acids known to be essential in other animals, testing seven doses ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 times the concentration in chicken feed for each amino acid. Statistically significant optima and evidence of essentiality by reduced growth below optima were observed for all investigated amino acids except arginine and methionine, suggesting that these amino acids are either non-essential for black soldier fly larvae or that the minimum doses tested were too high to be limiting. We established minimum recommended doses (g/kg DM) for amino acids with significant dose effects based on the lower 95% confidence bounds of the maximal larval DM production: histidine, 3.57; isoleucine, 5.08; leucine, 8.07; lysine, 6.75; phenylalanine, 5.01; threonine, 4.42; tryptophan, 1.40; and valine, 10.2. These values define the minimum concentrations required to maximize black soldier fly larval growth. Our study underscores the importance of precise dosing of essential amino acids to maximize larval growth and protein utilization, potentially improving diet formulations to reduce feed costs for black soldier fly larvae production.
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| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 384 | 384 | 30 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 49 | 49 | 7 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 131 | 131 | 18 |
Optimal and recommended doses of essential amino acids for growth of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae
äºJournal of Insects as Food and FeedSearch for other papers by I.E. Berggreen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department for Health Sciences and Technology, Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
Search for other papers by M.L. Schøn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by J.V. Nørgaard in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by K. Jensen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Specific amounts and combinations of essential dietary amino acids are known to be crucial for maximizing growth in livestock, but the effects of balancing amino acids remain largely unstudied for insects. We applied dose-response methodology, commonly used in livestock studies, to determine the optimal dietary essential amino acid composition for optimizing growth in larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)). By adding crystalline amino acids to a semi-artificial diet based on chicken feed, we varied dietary levels of ten amino acids known to be essential in other animals, testing seven doses ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 times the concentration in chicken feed for each amino acid. Statistically significant optima and evidence of essentiality by reduced growth below optima were observed for all investigated amino acids except arginine and methionine, suggesting that these amino acids are either non-essential for black soldier fly larvae or that the minimum doses tested were too high to be limiting. We established minimum recommended doses (g/kg DM) for amino acids with significant dose effects based on the lower 95% confidence bounds of the maximal larval DM production: histidine, 3.57; isoleucine, 5.08; leucine, 8.07; lysine, 6.75; phenylalanine, 5.01; threonine, 4.42; tryptophan, 1.40; and valine, 10.2. These values define the minimum concentrations required to maximize black soldier fly larval growth. Our study underscores the importance of precise dosing of essential amino acids to maximize larval growth and protein utilization, potentially improving diet formulations to reduce feed costs for black soldier fly larvae production.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 384 | 384 | 30 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 49 | 49 | 7 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 131 | 131 | 18 |
