Protein recovery from black soldier fly larvae using enzymatic hydrolysis and alkaline extraction
In: Journal of Insects as Food and FeedSearch for other papers by D.P. Chakawa in
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate optimum conditions for two-stage protein extraction from black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) using enzymatic hydrolysis at pH ranges 7–9 and 9–12 and determine the best two-stage protein extraction sequence that would produce the highest protein recovery. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using Alcalase 2.4L. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize protein recovery, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was used to explain the effect of enzyme activity on protein recovery, with temperature, pH, and enzyme-to-substrate ratio (E/S) as the independent factors. Enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 9–12 had an almost equal maximum protein recovery of 61.1% at conditions of 85 °C, E/S of 0.77%, pH 11, and extraction time of 180 min, compared to the maximum achieved for enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 7–9, which produced a protein recovery of 60.4% at 55 °C, pH 9, E/S of 0.5% and 180 min extraction time. DH ranged from 6.04 to 27.1% at pH 7–9 and from 1.85 to 11.9% at pH 9–12. Enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 9–12 behaved like an alkaline extraction, as enzyme addition did not significantly increase protein recovery. Therefore, the optimum conditions for protein recovery were achieved using alkaline extraction at 85 °C and pH 11. Two-stage alkaline extraction had a higher cumulative protein recovery (75%) than alkaline extraction followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (70%). This study shows that the two-stage alkaline extraction at optimal conditions is an effective method for protein extraction before downstream processing, which can be integrated within a BSFL protein powder process.
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Protein recovery from black soldier fly larvae using enzymatic hydrolysis and alkaline extraction
In: Journal of Insects as Food and FeedSearch for other papers by D.P. Chakawa in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by N.J. Goosen in
Current site
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PubMed
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate optimum conditions for two-stage protein extraction from black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) using enzymatic hydrolysis at pH ranges 7–9 and 9–12 and determine the best two-stage protein extraction sequence that would produce the highest protein recovery. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using Alcalase 2.4L. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize protein recovery, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was used to explain the effect of enzyme activity on protein recovery, with temperature, pH, and enzyme-to-substrate ratio (E/S) as the independent factors. Enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 9–12 had an almost equal maximum protein recovery of 61.1% at conditions of 85 °C, E/S of 0.77%, pH 11, and extraction time of 180 min, compared to the maximum achieved for enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 7–9, which produced a protein recovery of 60.4% at 55 °C, pH 9, E/S of 0.5% and 180 min extraction time. DH ranged from 6.04 to 27.1% at pH 7–9 and from 1.85 to 11.9% at pH 9–12. Enzymatic hydrolysis at pH 9–12 behaved like an alkaline extraction, as enzyme addition did not significantly increase protein recovery. Therefore, the optimum conditions for protein recovery were achieved using alkaline extraction at 85 °C and pH 11. Two-stage alkaline extraction had a higher cumulative protein recovery (75%) than alkaline extraction followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (70%). This study shows that the two-stage alkaline extraction at optimal conditions is an effective method for protein extraction before downstream processing, which can be integrated within a BSFL protein powder process.
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