Post-Critical Beliefs and Religious Reflection: Religious Openness Hypothesis in Iranian University and Islamic Seminary Students
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Abstract
Negative relationships between Post-Critical Beliefs in Iran imply that Muslim perspectives are closed-minded, but positive correlations between Religious Reflection factors point instead toward a Muslim open-mindedness. The hypothesis of this study was that this contrast reveals the Post-Critical Belief of Symbolism to be a questionable index of Muslim open-mindedness. Iranian university students and Islamic seminarians (N = 296) responded to Post-Critical Beliefs, Religious Reflection, Religious Orientation, Quest, Rumination-Reflection, and Satisfaction with Life measures. The âopennessâ of Symbolism correlated negatively with the âopennessâ of Intellect Oriented Reflection. Other relationships broadly documented Muslim potentials for openness. Evidence of open-mindedness also appeared in contrasts between university students and Islamic seminarians. These results argued against Symbolism as a culturally sensitive measure of Muslim open-mindedness and supported the claim of the Religious Openness Hypothesis that traditional religions have at least some potentials for openness that can be obscured by contextual influences.
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|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 719 | 143 | 13 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 221 | 3 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 70 | 6 | 0 |
Post-Critical Beliefs and Religious Reflection: Religious Openness Hypothesis in Iranian University and Islamic Seminary Students
äºJournal of Empirical TheologySearch for other papers by Nima Ghorbani in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by P. J. Watson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Zahra Sarmast in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Zhuo Job Chen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Negative relationships between Post-Critical Beliefs in Iran imply that Muslim perspectives are closed-minded, but positive correlations between Religious Reflection factors point instead toward a Muslim open-mindedness. The hypothesis of this study was that this contrast reveals the Post-Critical Belief of Symbolism to be a questionable index of Muslim open-mindedness. Iranian university students and Islamic seminarians (N = 296) responded to Post-Critical Beliefs, Religious Reflection, Religious Orientation, Quest, Rumination-Reflection, and Satisfaction with Life measures. The âopennessâ of Symbolism correlated negatively with the âopennessâ of Intellect Oriented Reflection. Other relationships broadly documented Muslim potentials for openness. Evidence of open-mindedness also appeared in contrasts between university students and Islamic seminarians. These results argued against Symbolism as a culturally sensitive measure of Muslim open-mindedness and supported the claim of the Religious Openness Hypothesis that traditional religions have at least some potentials for openness that can be obscured by contextual influences.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 719 | 143 | 13 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 221 | 3 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 70 | 6 | 0 |
