The Unofficial Russo-Qing Trade in Northern Xinjiang and the Eastern Kazakh Steppe in the First Half of the 19th Century
In: Journal of the Economic and Social History of the OrientSearch for other papers by Di Wang in
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Abstract
The 1851 Treaty of Kulja (Ili) initiated the official Russo-Qing trade in Xinjiang. This article focuses on the pre-1851 Russo-Qing unofficial trade in Xinjiang and argues that trade in that period was characterized by different understandings by Russia and the Qing. By comparing sources in Russian and Chinese, this article demonstrates that Qing officials in Xinjiang contributed to the prevalence of the Russo-Qing unofficial trade in Tarbagatai and Ili. The opening of the official trade made Xinjiang an alternative market for the Kyakhta trade, and the most important market for Russian exports to China before the early 20th century.
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| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
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The Unofficial Russo-Qing Trade in Northern Xinjiang and the Eastern Kazakh Steppe in the First Half of the 19th Century
In: Journal of the Economic and Social History of the OrientSearch for other papers by Di Wang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
The 1851 Treaty of Kulja (Ili) initiated the official Russo-Qing trade in Xinjiang. This article focuses on the pre-1851 Russo-Qing unofficial trade in Xinjiang and argues that trade in that period was characterized by different understandings by Russia and the Qing. By comparing sources in Russian and Chinese, this article demonstrates that Qing officials in Xinjiang contributed to the prevalence of the Russo-Qing unofficial trade in Tarbagatai and Ili. The opening of the official trade made Xinjiang an alternative market for the Kyakhta trade, and the most important market for Russian exports to China before the early 20th century.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 187 | 187 | 22 |
| Full Text Views | 30 | 30 | 3 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 77 | 77 | 4 |
