Safavid Cousins on the Verge of Extinction: Dynastic Centralization in Central Asia and the BahraÌmiÌ Collateral Line (1517-1593)
In: Journal of the Economic and Social History of the OrientSearch for other papers by Liesbeth Geevers in
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The BahraÌmiÌ Safavids, a relatively unknown collateral branch of the Safavid dynasty, active in Iran from 1517 to 1593, played a crucial role in dynastic developments in Safavid Iran. This essay examines the dynastic developments of the Safavid rulers and their contemporaries to argue that they embarked on a process of dynastic centralization, presenting themselves increasingly as the only holder of dynastic power, at the expense of their male relatives. The persistence of the BahraÌmiÌ branch illuminates how this process took shape in Iran and how dynastic developments among neighbouring Central Asian dynasties influenced the fate of the Safavid collaterals.
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1
R. Matthee, âWas Safavid Iran an Empire?â Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 53 (2010): 248-249, discusses the development of Isfahan as an imperial capital, patronage of the shrines of ArdabiÌl and Mashhad, and the stimulation of the silk trade. M. Kunt, âOttomans and Safavids: States, Statecraft, and Societies, 1500-1800.â In Companion to the History of the Middle East, ed. Y.M. Choueiri (Malden: Blackwell 2005): 200-201 adds the levying of household troops to these factors. On Mashhad, see C. Meville, âShah Ê¿Abbas and the Pilgrimage to Mashhad.â In Safavid Persia. The History and Politics of an Islamic Society, ed. C. Melville (London: I.B. Tauris, 1996): 197-98.
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5
W. Posch, Osmanisch-safavidische Beziehungen 1545-1550: Der Fall AlḳaÌs MiÌrzaÌ (Vienna: Verlag der Ãsterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2013); L.P. Peirce, The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993); M. Szuppe, âLa participation des femmes de la famille royale à lâexercise du pouvoir en Iran safavide au xvie siècle. Pt. 1. Lâimportance politique et sociale de la parenté matrilinéaire.â Studia Iranica 23 (1994): 211-58, and M. Szuppe, âLa participation des femmes de la famille royale à lâexercice du pouvoir en Iran safavide au xvie siècle. Pt. 2. Lâentourage des princesses et leurs activités politiques.â Studia Iranica 24 (1995): 61-122; Faruqui, Princes; Kishwar Rizvi, The Safavid Dynastic Shrine. Architecture, Religion and Power in Early Modern Iran (London: I.B. Tauris 2011); Kishwar Rizvi, âGendered Patronage. Women and Benevolence during the Early Safavid Empire.â In Women, Patronage and Self-Representation in Islamic Societies, ed. D. Fairchild Ruggles (Albany: suny University Press, 2000); Lisa Balabanlilar, Imperial Identity in the Mughal Empire: Memory and Dynastic Politics in Early Modern South and Central Asia (London: I.B. Tauris 2012); Babayan, Mystics; Joseph Fletcher, âTurco-Mongolian Monarchic Tradition in the Ottoman Empire.â Harvard Ukranian Studies 3-4 (1979-80): 236-51.
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9
Owen Lattimore, âThe Geographical Factor in Mongol History.â The Geographical Journal 91 (1938): 11 seems to refer to the formation of large dynastic empires by this term. The term has also been used in a European context. Michael Mann, The Sources of Social Power. Vol. 2. The Rise of Classes and Nation States, 1760-1914. New ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2012): 338-51 refers to the efforts of the Habsburg rulers of Austria to impose a common administration in their domains, composed of civil servants who were loyal to the dynasty.
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10
J.E. Woods, The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire (Minneapolis: Biblioteca Islamica, 1976): 60-61.
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11
D.E. Streusand, Islamic Gunpowder Empires: Ottomans, Safavids and Mughals (Philadelphia: Westview Press, 2011): 294; Babaie et al., Slaves: 24; Fletcher, âMonarchic Traditionâ: 242.
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13
S.F. Dale, The Garden of the Eight Paradises: BaÌbur and the Culture of Empire in Central Asia, Afghanistan and India (1483-1530) (Leiden: Brill, 2004): 452-453; A. Anooshahr, âOn the Imperial Discourse of the Delhi Sultanate and Early Mughal India.â Journal of Persianate Studies 7 (2014): 157-176.
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40
P. Soucek, âBahraÌm MiÌrzaÌ.â Encyclopaedia Iranica : 3/5:523-24, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/BahraÌm-MiÌrzaÌ; C.P. Mitchell, âBahrÄm MÄ«rzÄ.â Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, ed. Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson. Brill Online, 2013, available online at http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bahra-m-mi-rza-COM_23989?s.num=41&s.start=40.
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43
C.P. Mitchell, âProvincial Chancelleries and Local Lines of Authority in Sixteenth-Century Safavid Iran.â Oriente Moderno 88/2 (2008): 486.
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56
M. Farhat, âShiÊ¿i Piety and Dynastic Legitimacy: Mashhad under the Early Safavid Shahs.â Iranian Studies 47 (2014): 207. See also QaÌżiÌ AhÌ£mad QumiÌ, Die Chronik hulasat at-Tawarih des Qazi Ahmad Qumi. Der Abschnitt über Schah Abbas i., trans. and ed. Hans Müller (Wiesbaden: Steiner 1964): 1:384 for a pilgrimage of IbraÌhiÌm to the shrine.
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101
R. Matthee, âThe Ottoman-Safavid War of 986-998/1578-90: Motives and Causes.â International Journal of Turkish Studies 20 (2014): 1-20.
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121
Firdos Anwar, Nobility under the Mughals (1628-1658) (New Delhi: Manohar, 2001): 93-94; family groups of other ethnicities: 97-107; Athar Ali, The Apparatus of Empire: 98, 100, 101, 103.
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125
See, e.g., A. Afzar Moin, The Millennial Sovereign. Sacred Kingship and Sainthood in Islam (New York: Columbia University Press, 2012): 204-206.
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126
C. Lefèvre, âIn the Name of the Fathers: Mughal Genealogical Strategies from BÄbur to ShÄh JahÄn.â Religions of South Asia 5 (2011): 431.
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Safavid Cousins on the Verge of Extinction: Dynastic Centralization in Central Asia and the BahraÌmiÌ Collateral Line (1517-1593)
In: Journal of the Economic and Social History of the OrientSearch for other papers by Liesbeth Geevers in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
The BahraÌmiÌ Safavids, a relatively unknown collateral branch of the Safavid dynasty, active in Iran from 1517 to 1593, played a crucial role in dynastic developments in Safavid Iran. This essay examines the dynastic developments of the Safavid rulers and their contemporaries to argue that they embarked on a process of dynastic centralization, presenting themselves increasingly as the only holder of dynastic power, at the expense of their male relatives. The persistence of the BahraÌmiÌ branch illuminates how this process took shape in Iran and how dynastic developments among neighbouring Central Asian dynasties influenced the fate of the Safavid collaterals.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 842 | 80 | 2 |
| Full Text Views | 229 | 7 | 1 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 106 | 10 | 0 |
