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BIODIVERSITY AND MICROHABITAT DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHWORMS AT “EVOLUTION CANYON,” A MEDITERRANEAN MICROSITE, MOUNT CARMEL, ISRAEL

In: Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution
Authors:
TOMÁŠ PAVLÍČEK Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa
Institute of Entomology, Czech Academy of Sciences

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CSABA CSUZDI Department of Systematics, Zoology and Ecology, Eotvos Lorand University

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GIL SMOOHA Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa
Ha'Reali Ha'Ivri School, Haifa

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AVIGDOR BEILES Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa

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EVIATAR NEVO Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa

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Seven species of earthworms were identified at a Lower Nahal Oren microsite, Mt. Carmel, Israel, known as “Evolution Canyon": Bimastos syriacus (Rosa, 1893), Dendrobaena semitica (Rosa, 1893), D. orientalis (¤ernosvitov, 1940), D. veneta (Rosa, 1886), D. samarigera samarigera (Rosa, 1893), Microscolex dubius (Fletcher, 1887; the first record in Israel), and Allolobophora sp. Characteristic compositions of earthworms were found on the south-facing slope (SF), the north-facing slope (NF), and the bottom of the dry watercourse. B. syriacus was abundant in all three habitats together with 3–4 smaller Dendrobaena or Allolobophora species. D. semitica was prevalent on the bottom, while D. orientalis and M. dubius were found only there. D. veneta and D. s. samarigera were more abundant on NF and SF, respectively. Allolobophora sp. was found on both slopes in very low numbers. Earthworm density on ecologically warmer, drier, and more heterogeneous SF was significantly higher in the shade under tree canopies and bushes than in open sunny microhabitats, while on NF no significant differences were found between shady and sunny microhabitats.

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