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DISTRIBUTION AND REPRODUCTION OF KILLIFISH APHANIUS DISPAR AND A. FASCIATUS AND THEIR HYBRIDS IN THE BARDAWIL LAGOON ON THE MEDITERRANEAN COAST OF SINAI, EGYPT

in Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution
Autor:innen:
RUTH LOTAN David Yellin Teachers College

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ADAM BEN-TUVIA Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

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The Red Sea Aphanius dispar and the Mediterranean Aphanius fasciatus can be found sympatrically in the Suez Canal, in the lakes of Lower Egypt, and along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Both species are closely related and are known to form hybrids when held together. Putative hybrids of these species were found in the shallow Bardawil Lagoon on the northern coast of Sinai. The lagoon is unique in the eastern Mediterranean by being totally hypersaline without any brackish or freshwater sections. Samples were obtained using a small mesh-size experimental beach seine between April 1973 and March 1975. Among the 4,600 specimens of killifish examined, 45% belonged to A. dispar, 17% to A. fasciatus, and 38% to their putative hybrids. Seasonal abundance was similar in all three taxa; there were few fish during the winter months and from June to October, abundant fish, mostly juveniles, with peaking in July. Examination of gonads revealed that the reproductive period of the two species is from March to September when water temperatures varied between 21 and 33 °C. The hybrids had only rudimentary gonads. The size of A. dispar and the hybrid in the lagoon varied between 25 and 65 mm total length. A. fasciatus was smaller, not exceeding 35 mm, although in other regions it can reach 75 mm.

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