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Appearance and dispersion of the population of periwinkles, Littorina punctata (Gmelin) and Littorina neritoides (L), was found to be proportionate to the degree of sheltering from waves and inversely proportional to the cover and abundance of the large algae, Ulva and Enteromorpha.
Both species are active only in conditions of sufficient moisture and relatively calm sea. L. neritoides is of Lusitanic origin and reproduces from December to March. This reproduction period is shorter in Israel than in Europe and coincides with the stormiest season and the highest spray. L. punctata, is of Mauretanian origin, with a summer reproduction period that lasts from June through September. Hybridisation and ecological competition are thus excluded. The genital system also shows a clear yearly rhythm, developing markedly in the reproduction period and degenerating later. The degeneration is especially marked in L. neritoides.
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Berry A.J.Some factors effecting the distribution of Littornia saxatilis (Olivi) J. Anim. Ecol 1961 30 27 45
Charles G.H.The orientation of Littorina species to polarized light J. Exp. Biol 1961 38 182 202213–224;203–212
Fisher P., Duval H.M., Raffy A.Etudes sur les échanges respiratoires des Littorines Arch. Zool 1933 74 627 634
Fraenkel G.Beitraege zur Geotaxis und Phototaxis von Littorina, Z. vergl Physiol 1927 5 584 597
Fretter V., Graham A.British Prosobranch Molluscs, Ray Society London 1962 755
Hertling H.Beobachtungen und Versuche an den Eiern von Littorina und Lacuna, Wiss Meeresunters., Abt. Helgoland 1928 17 1 49
Hertling H., Ankel W.E.Bemerkungen ueber den Laich und die Jugendformen von Littorina und Lacuna, Wiss Meeresunters., Abt. Helgoland 1927 16 1 13
Janssen C.R.The influence on geotaxis and phototaxis in Littorina obtusata (L.) Arch. Nied. Zool 1960 XIII 500 510
Lebour M.V.The breeding of Littorina neritoides, J. mar biol Ass., U.K 1935 20 373 378
Linke O.Morphologie und Physiologie des Genitalapparatus des Nordseelittorinen Wiss. Meeresunters., Abt. Helgoland 1933 19 3 52
Linke O.Der Laich von Littorina (Melaraphe) neritoides (L) Zool. Anz 1935 112 57 62
Lysaght A.M.The biology and trematode parasites of the gastropod Littorina neritoides (L.) on the Plymouth Breakwater, J. Mar. biol. Ass U.K 1941 25 41 67
Natali T., Sacchi C.F.Sur les relations entre le chimisme du substratum, la densité des peuplements et la taille chez Littorina neritoides (L.) de la Baie de Naples Pub. Stn. Zool., Napoli 1962 32 suppl. 133 144
Patane L.Sulla biologia di Littorina punctata (Gm.) Publ. Inst. Zool. d. Universita, Catania 1946 929
Tattersall W.M.Notes on the bleeding habits and life history of the periwinkle Sci. Invest. Fish. Br. Ire 1920 9 1 2
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 284 | 18 | 2 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 26 | 0 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 25 | 0 | 0 |
Appearance and dispersion of the population of periwinkles, Littorina punctata (Gmelin) and Littorina neritoides (L), was found to be proportionate to the degree of sheltering from waves and inversely proportional to the cover and abundance of the large algae, Ulva and Enteromorpha.
Both species are active only in conditions of sufficient moisture and relatively calm sea. L. neritoides is of Lusitanic origin and reproduces from December to March. This reproduction period is shorter in Israel than in Europe and coincides with the stormiest season and the highest spray. L. punctata, is of Mauretanian origin, with a summer reproduction period that lasts from June through September. Hybridisation and ecological competition are thus excluded. The genital system also shows a clear yearly rhythm, developing markedly in the reproduction period and degenerating later. The degeneration is especially marked in L. neritoides.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 284 | 18 | 2 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 26 | 0 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 25 | 0 | 0 |