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LITTORINA PUNCTATA (GMELIN) AND LITTORINA NERITOIDES (L.), (MOLLUSCA, GASTROPODA) FROM ISRAEL: ECOLOGY AND ANNUAL CYCLE OF GENITAL SYSTEM

in Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution
Autor:innen:
B. PALANT Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University

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L. FISHELSON Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University

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Appearance and dispersion of the population of periwinkles, Littorina punctata (Gmelin) and Littorina neritoides (L), was found to be proportionate to the degree of sheltering from waves and inversely proportional to the cover and abundance of the large algae, Ulva and Enteromorpha.

Both species are active only in conditions of sufficient moisture and relatively calm sea. L. neritoides is of Lusitanic origin and reproduces from December to March. This reproduction period is shorter in Israel than in Europe and coincides with the stormiest season and the highest spray. L. punctata, is of Mauretanian origin, with a summer reproduction period that lasts from June through September. Hybridisation and ecological competition are thus excluded. The genital system also shows a clear yearly rhythm, developing markedly in the reproduction period and degenerating later. The degeneration is especially marked in L. neritoides.

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