Adam 2009 = Thomas Adam. Buying Respectability: Philanthropy and Urban Society in Transnational Perspective, 1840s to 1930s. Bloomington and Indianapolis.

Adam 2012 = Thomas Adam. Intercultural Transfers and the Making of the Modern World, 1800–2000. New York.

Adam 2013 = Thomas Adam. “New Ways to Write the History of Western Europe and the United States: The Concept of Intercultural Transfer.” History Compass 11, 10: 880–892.

Adam 2016 = Thomas Adam. Philanthropy, Civil Society, and the State in German History, 1815–1989. Rochester.

Adam 2017 = Thomas Adam. “Interreligious and Intercultural Transfers of the Tradition of Philanthropy.” Ed. Julia R. Lieberman and Michal Jan Rozbicki. Charity in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic Traditions. Lanham et al.: 45–65.

Adam 2019 = Thomas Adam. Approaches to the Study of Intercultural Transfer. London and New York.

Adam and Mettele 2009 = Ed. Thomas Adam and Gisela Mettele. Two Boston Brahmins in Goethe’s Germany: The Travel Journals of Anna and George Ticknor. Lanham et al.: Lexington Books 2009.

Baer 2005 = Gabriel Baer. “The Muslim Waqf and Similar Institutions in Other Civilizations.” Ed. Michael Borgolte. Stiftungen in Christentum, Judentum und Islam vor der Moderne: Auf der Suche nach ihren Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden in religiösen Grundlagen, praktischen Zwecken und historischen Transformationen. Berlin: 257–280.

Bailey et al. 2009 = Ed. Lisa Bailey, Lindsay Diggelmann and Kim M. Phillips. Old Worlds, New Worlds: European Cultural Encounters, c. 1000–1750. Turnhout.

Belgum 2005 = Kirsten Belgum. “Reading Alexander von Humboldt: Cosmopolitan Naturalist with an American Spirit.” Ed. Lynne Tatlock and Matt Erlin. German Culture in Nineteenth-Century America: Reception, Adaptation, Transformation. Rochester: 107–127.

Bentley 1993 = Jerry H. Bentley. Old World Encounters: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times. New York and Oxford.

Berkey 2007 = Jonathan P. Berkey. “Madrasas Medieval and Modern: Politics, Education, and the Problem of Muslim Identity.” Ed. Robert W. Hefner and Muhammad Quasim Zaman. Schooling Islam: The Culture and Politics of Modern Muslim Education. Princeton and Oxford: 42–44.

Borgolte 2012 = Michael Borgolte. “Planen für die Ewigkeit – Stiftungen im Mittelalter.” Geschichte in Wissenschaft und Unterricht 63.1–2: 37–49.

Borgolte 2014 = Michael Borgolte. “Universität und Intellektueller – Erfindungen des Mittelalters unter dem Einfluß des Islam?” Ed. Tillman Lohse and Benjamin Scheller. Michael Borgolte. Mittelalter in der größeren Welt Essays zur Geschichtsschreibung und Beiträge zur Forschung. Berlin: 261–282.

Borgolte 2017 = Michael Borgolte, Weltgeschichte als Stiftungsgeschichte von 3000 v. u. Z bis 1500 u. Z. Darmstadt.

Brodrick 1885 = George C. Brodrick. Memorials of Merton College with Biographical Notices of the Wardens and Fellows. Oxford.

Bulliet 2004 = Richard W. Bulliet. The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization. New York.

Christ et al. 2016 = Georg Christ et al. Transkulturelle Verflechtungen: Mediävistische Perspektiven. Göttingen.

Ҫizakça 2000 = Murat Ҫizakça. A History of Philanthropic Foundations: The Islamic World from the Seventh Century to the Present. Istanbul.

Ҫizakça 2006 = Murat Ҫizakça. “Cross-cultural Borrowing and Comparative Evolution of Institutions between Islamic World and the West.” Ed. Simonetta Cavaciocchi. Relazioni economiche tra Europa e mondo Islamico, Secc xiii–xviii . Florence: 671–698.

Ҫizakça 2014 = Murat Ҫizakça. “How Civilizations Borrow Institutions From Each Other.” Ed. Murat Ҫizakça. Islam and the Challenges of Western Capitalism. Cheltenham and Northampton: 38–55.

De Santillana 1931 = David De Santillana. “Law and Society.” Ed. Sir Thomas Arnold and Alfred Guillaume. The Legacy of Islam. Oxford: 284–294.

Drews and Scholl 2016 = Wolfram Drews and Christian Scholl. “Transkulturelle Verflechtungsprozesse in der Vormoderne. Zur Einleitung.” Ed. Wolfram Drews and Christian Scholl. Transkulturelle Verflechtungsprozesse in der Vormoderne. Berlin and Boston: vii–xxiii.

Espagne and Werner 1988 = Michel Espagne and Michael Werner. “Deutsch-französischer Kulturtransfer als Forschungsgegenstand. Eine Problemskizze.” Ed. Michel Espagne and Michael Werner. Transferts. Les relations interculturelles dans l’espace franco-allemand (XVIIIe et XIXe siècle). Paris: 11–34.

Gaudiosi 1988 = Monica M. Gaudiosi. “The Influence of the Islamic Law of Waqf on the Development of the Trust in England.” University of Pennsylvania Law Review 136: 1231–1261.

Geffken and Tykocinski 1905 = Heinrich Geffcken and Hayim Tykocinski. Stiftungsbuch der Stadt Leipzig. Leipzig.

Geelhaar 2007 = Tim Geelhaar. “Stiftungszweck Bildung? Die mittelalterlichen Pariser Universitätskollegien im interkulturellen Vergleich mit der islamischen Madrasa.” Ed. Jonas Flöter and Christian Ritzi. Bildungsmäzenatentum: Privates Handeln – Bürgersinn – kulturelle Kompetenz seit der frühen Neuzeit. Cologne, Weimar and Vienna: 39–72.

Haskins 1923 = Charles Homer Haskins. The Rise of Universities. New York.

Hennigan 2004 = Peter C. Hennigan. The Birth of a Legal Institution: The Formation of the Waqf in Third-Century A.H. Hanafi Legal Discourse. Leiden.

Irrgang 2013 = Stephanie Irrgang. “Studienförderung und Stipendienwesen an deutschen Universitäten im Mittelalter.” Ed. Matthias Asche and Stefan Gerber. Studienförderung und Stipendienwesen an deutschen Universitäten von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Stuttgart: 19–36.

Kogelmann 2012 = Franz Kogelmann. “Das islamische Stiftungswesen.” Geschichte in Wissenschaft und Unterricht 63.1–2: 66–80.

Kortländer 1995 = Bernd Kortländer. “Begrenzung – Entgrenzung: Kultur- und Wissenschaftstransfer in Europa.” Ed. Lothar Jordan and Bernd Kortländer. Nationale Grenzen und internationaler Austausch: Studien zum Kultur- und Wissenschaftstransfer in Europa. Tübingen: 1–11.

La Matire 2017 = Corrodo la Martire. “Inventionen, Innovationen und Imitationen im interkulturellen Kontakt. Die islamwissenschaftliche Perspektive.” Ed. Michael Borgolte. Enzyklopädie des Stiftungswesens in Mittelalterlichen Gesellschaften. Band 3: Stiftung und Gesellschaft. Berlin and Boston: 454–462.

Liermann 1963 = Hans Liermann. Handbuch des Stiftungsrechts I. Band: Geschichte des Stiftungsrechts. Tübingen.

Lingelbach 2019 = Gabriele Lingelbach. “Comparative History, Intercultural Transfer Studies, and Global History: Three Modes of Conceptualizing History beyond the Nation State.” Yearbook of Transnational History 2: 1–19.

Lohse 2017 = Tillmann Lohse. “Inventionen, Innovationen und Imitationen im interkulturellen Kontakt. Die mediävistische Perspektive.” Ed. Michael Borgolte. Enzyklopädie des Stiftungswesens in Mittelalterlichen Gesellschaften. Band 3: Stiftung und Gesellschaft. Berlin and Boston: 451–454.

Makdisi 1970 = George Makdisi. “Madrasa and University in the Middle Ages.” Studia Islamica 32: 255–264.

Makdisi 1981 = George Makdisi. The Rise of Colleges: Institutions of Learning in Islam and the West. Edinburgh.

Makdisi 1985 = George Makdisi. “The Guilds of Law in Medieval Legal History: An Inquiry into the Origins of the Inns of Court.” Cleveland State Law Review 34.3: 3–18.

Makdisi 1999 = John A. Makdisi. “The Islamic Origins of the Common Law.” North Carolina Law Review 77.5: 1635–1740.

Meyerhof 1931 = Max Meyerhof. “Science and Medicine.” Ed. Sir Thomas Arnold and Alfred Guillaume. The Legacy of Islam. Oxford: 344–354.

Nakosteen 1964 = Mehdi Nakosteen. History of Islamic Origins of Western Education A.D. 800–1350 with an Introduction to Medieval Muslim Education. Boulder.

Paulmann 1998 = Johannes Paulmann. “Internationaler Vergleich und interkultureller Transfer. Zwei Forschungsansätze zur europäischen Geschichte des 18. bis 20. Jahrhunderts.” Historische Zeitschrift 267.3: 649–685.

Rashdall 1936 = Hastings Rashdall. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: A New Edition in Three Volumes edited by F. M. Powicke and A. B. Emden Volume ii: English Universities – Student Life. Oxford.

Riaz 2008 = Ali Riaz. Faithful Education: Madrassahs in South Asia. New Brunswick and London.

Rodgers 1998 = Daniel T. Rodgers. Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age. Cambridge and London.

Rüegg 1992 = Walter Rüegg. “Themes.” E. Hilde D Ridder-Symoens. A History of the University in Europe Volume 1: Universities in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: 3–34.

Schäfer 1977 = Volker Schäfer. “‘Zur Beförderung der Ehre Gottes und Fortpflanzung der Studien’: Bürgerliche Studienstiftungen an der Universität Tübingen zwischen 1477 und 1750.” Ed. Erich Maschke and Jürgen Sydow. Stadt und Universität im Mittelalter und in der früheren Neuzeit. Sigmaringen: 99–111.

Singer 2008 = Amy Singer. Charity in Islamic Societies. Cambridge.

Stanton 1990 = Charles Michael Stanton. Higher Learning in Islam: The Classical Period, A.D. 700–1300. Savage, Md.

Thomas 1949 = Ann Van Wynen Thomas. “Note on the Origin of Uses and Trusts – Waqfs.” Southwestern Law Journal 3.2: 162–166.

Van Cleve 1972 = Thomas Curtis van Cleve. The Emperor Frederick ii of Hohenstaufen: Immutator Mundi. Oxford.

Verger 1992 = Jacques Verger. “Patterns.” Ed. Hilde de Ridder-Symoens. A History of the University in Europe Volume I: Universities in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: 35–74.

Watt 1972 = W. Montgomery Watt. The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. Edinburgh.

Werner and Zimmermann 2006 = Michael Werner and Bénédicte Zimmermann. “Beyond Comparison: Histoire Croisée and the Challenge of Reflexivity.” History and Theory 45.1: 30–50.