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Effect of physical exercise on kidney function and fibrotic markers in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

In: Comparative Exercise Physiology
Authors:
F. Afifah Master’s Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Tangerang, Indonesia

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https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1950-2998
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S. Yolanda Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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I.R. Sianipar Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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R.A. Goenarjo Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Center for Sport and Exercise Sciences, IMERI, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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A.C. Barasila Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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W. Arozal Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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D.I.S. Santoso Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Abstract

Hypertension may develop into kidney damage which can lead to kidney fibrosis. Regular physical activity provides an effective strategy for managing blood pressure by stimulating the release of nitric oxide to induce vasodilation. Although high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) have emerged as widely used exercise strategies for lowering blood pressure, their comparative impact on kidney in hypertensive conditions remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of HIIT and MICT on creatinine, urea, CTGF levels and collagen deposition in NG-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) induced hypertensive rats. This was an experimental study using twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, L-NAME, L-NAME + HIIT, and L-NAME + MICT. All rats except control group was given L-NAME 40 mg/kg/day orally once a day for 5 weeks. Rats in exercise groups were given exercise for five days per week for five weeks. We found that L-NAME + HIIT had lower creatinine and urea levels compared to L-NAME ( P = 0.001). L-NAME + HIIT had lower serum creatinine and urea levels compared to L-NAME + MICT ( P = 0.016 and P = 0.020). There were no differences in renal CTGF levels between groups ( P = 0.157). The L-NAME + HIIT and L-NAME + MICT had lower collagen deposition than the L-NAME ( P = 0.000). Our findings suggest that HIIT may be more effective in improving kidney function markers. Both exercise modalities appear to offer renal protective benefits by decreasing collagen deposition, though they do not influence CTGF expression.

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