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Exercise-induced modulation of thyroid and lipid physiology following high-intensity interval training in adults with subclinical hypothyroidism: a pilot study

In: Comparative Exercise Physiology
Authors:
S. Hulamani Department of Orthopaedic Physiotherapy, KAHER Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-7706
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V. Kage Department of Orthopaedic Physiotherapy, KAHER Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-4032
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V. Ghatnatti Department of Endocrinology, KAHER J.N Medical College, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-1481
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Abstract

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with alterations in thyroid regulation and lipid metabolism. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a potent physiological stimulus known to influence endocrine and metabolic pathways, yet its effects on thyroid-lipid interactions in SCH remain inadequately explored the objective is to evaluate the physiological responses of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lipid profile parameters following an eight-week supervised HIIT intervention in adults with SCH and to assess the feasibility of implementing this exercise protocol. Fifteen adults with SCH (TSH 4.5-10 mIU/l) participated in an eight-week supervised HIIT program (three sessions/week). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included serum TSH, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment rate, session adherence, retention, adverse events, and acceptability. All eligible participants consented to participate, with 100% retention and mean session adherence of 88-92%. No major adverse events were reported. Within-group analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in TSH levels ( P = 0.0003), a significant increase in HDL cholesterol ( P < 0.0001), and a significant reduction in LDL cholesterol ( P < 0.0001). HIIT elicited favourable short-term physiological adaptations in thyroid and lipid profiles and was feasible and well tolerated in adults with SCH. These findings support further investigation of HIIT as a physiological intervention targeting thyroid-metabolic regulation.

The trial was prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) under the registration number CTRI/2025/04/084460.

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