Effects of high-intensity interval training and flaxseed oil supplement on learning, memory and immobility: relationship with BDNF and TrkB genes
In: Comparative Exercise PhysiologySearch for other papers by S. Rahmati-Ahmadabad in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by M.-A. Azarbayjani in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by D.R. Broom in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by M. Nasehi in
Current site
Google Scholar
This study examined the independent and combined effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and flaxseed oil supplementation on cognitive/executive functions in middle-aged rats. Hippocampal neurotropic brain factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) gene expression were also measured. Animals were randomly divided into groups including no exercise control and saline (CS), no exercise control and flaxseed oil supplement (CF), exercise training-and saline (TS) and exercise training and flaxseed oil supplement (TF). The training groups undertook a program of HIIT (10 weeks, five sessions per week) and the supplement groups received flaxseed oil supplement (300 mg/kg). The results showed that HIIT and flaxseed oil supplementation independently had positive effects on memory and learning (P<0.05). HIIT and flaxseed oil independently decreased immobility behaviour and increased hippocampal BDNF and TrkB genes expression (P<0.05). HIIT and flaxseed oil combination had a greater effect on some variables (hippocampal TrkB gene expression, memory and immobility) compared to each intervention alone (P<0.05). In conclusion, HIIT and flaxseed oil can independently improve cognitive/executive functions. In addition, HIIT had a greater positive effect than flaxseed oil supplementation on memory and immobility. The combination of HIIT and flaxseed oil supplement had a more positive effect compared to each intervention alone on memory, and immobility. Hippocampal BDNF gene expression did not significantly differ in the combination or independent groups. Thus, future work is needed on several other genes in different segments of the brain to find the additive-mechanisms involved in memory and immobility regulation and younger and older species of rat should be examined.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Archundia-Herrera, C., Macias-Cervantes, M., Ruiz-Munoz, B., Vargas-Ortiz, K., Kornhauser, C. and Perez-Vazquez, V., 2017. Muscle irisin response to aerobic vs HIIT in overweight female adolescents. Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome 9: 101. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-017-0302-5
-
Bagheri, A., Talei, S., Hassanzadeh, N., Mokhtari, T., Akbari, M., Malek, F., Jameie, S.B., Sadeghi, Y. and Hassanzadeh, G., 2017. The neuroprotective effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on functional motor recovery in a model of ischemic brain stroke: upregulation of BDNF and GDNF. Acta Medica Iranica 55: 785-792.
'The neuroprotective effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on functional motor recovery in a model of ischemic brain stroke: upregulation of BDNF and GDNF ' () 55 Acta Medica Iranica : 785 -792.
-
Bogdanova, O.V., Kanekar, S., D’Anci, K.E. and Renshaw, P.F., 2013. Factors influencing behavior in the forced swim test. Physiology and Behavior 118: 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.012
-
Cunha, C., Brambilla, R. and Thomas, K.L., 2010. A simple role for BDNF in learning and memory? Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 3: 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.02.001.2010
-
Datilo, M.N., Sant’Ana, M.R., Formigari, G.P., Rodrigues, P.B., de Moura, L.P., da Silva, A.S.R., Ropelle, E.R., Pauli, J.R. and Cintra, D.E., 2018. Omega-3 from flaxseed oil protects obese mice against diabetic retinopathy through GPR120 receptor. Scientific Reports 8: 14318. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32553-5
-
Eftekharzadeh, B., Ramin, M., Khodagholi, F., Moradi, S., Tabrizian, K., Sharif, R., Azami, K., Beyer, C. and Sharifzadeh, M., 2012. Inhibition of PKA attenuates memory deficits induced by beta-amyloid (1-42), and decreases oxidative stress and NF-kappaB transcription factors. Behavioural Brain Research 226: 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.015
-
El-Sharaky, A.S., Newairy, A.A., Eweda, S.M. and Kamel, M.A., 2012. Bromobenzene-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats: the protective effect of flaxseed. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 94: 1000-1013. https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2012.675667
-
El Tanbouly, N., El Sayed, A.M., Ali, Z.Y., Abdel Wahab, S., El Gayed, S.H., Ezzat, S.M., El Senousy, A.S., Choucry, M.A. and Abdel-Sattar, E., 2017. Antidepressant-like effect of selected Egyptian cultivars of flaxseed oil on a rodent model of postpartum depression. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017: 6405789. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6405789
-
Ferris, L.T., Williams, J.S. and Shen, C.L., 2007. The effect of acute exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 39: 728-734. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31802f04c7
-
Goekint, M., De Pauw, K., Roelands, B., Njemini, R., Bautmans, I., Mets, T. and Meeusen, R., 2010. Strength training does not influence serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor. European Journal of Applied Physiology 110: 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1461-3
-
Gokce, E., Gunes, E. and Nalcaci, E., 2019. Effect of exercise on major depressive disorder and schizophrenia: a bdnf focused approach. Noropsikiyatri Arsivi 56: 302-310. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.23369
-
Hadjighassem, M., Kamalidehghan, B., Shekarriz, N., Baseerat, A., Molavi, N., Mehrpour, M., Joghataei, M.T., Tondar, M., Ahmadipour, F. and Meng, G.Y., 2015. Oral consumption of alpha-linolenic acid increases serum BDNF levels in healthy adult humans. Nutrition Journal 14: 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-015-0012-5
-
Haines, M., Broom, D., Gillibrand, W. and Stephenson, J., 2020. Effects of three low-volume, high-intensity exercise conditions on affective valence. Journal of Sports Sciences 38: 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2019.1684779
-
Huang, L., Yan, S., Luo, L. and Yang, L., 2019. Irisin regulates the expression of BDNF and glycometabolism in diabetic rats. Molecular Medicine Reports 19: 1074-1082. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9743
-
Jeon, Y.K. and Ha, C.H., 2017. The effect of exercise intensity on brain derived neurotrophic factor and memory in adolescents. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 22: 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-017-0643-6
-
Kajla, P., Sharma, A. and Sood, D.R., 2015. Flaxseed-a potential functional food source. Journal of Food Science and Technology 52: 1857-1871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1293-y
-
Khorshidahmad, T., Tabrizian, K., Vakilzadeh, G., Nikbin, P., Moradi, S., Hosseini-Sharifabad, A., Roghani, A., Naghdi, N. and Sharifzadeh, M., 2012. Interactive effects of a protein kinase AII inhibitor and testosterone on spatial learning in the Morris water maze. Behavioural Brain Research 228: 432-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2011.12.028
-
Kim, K., Sung, Y.H., Seo, J.H., Lee, S.W., Lim, B.V., Lee, C.Y. and Chung, Y.R., 2015. Effects of treadmill exercise-intensity on short-term memory in the rats born of the lipopolysaccharide-exposed maternal rats. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 11: 296-302. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.150264
-
Lee, M. and Soya, H., 2017. Effects of acute voluntary loaded wheel running on BDNF expression in the rat hippocampus. Journal of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry 21: 52-57. https://doi.org/10.20463/jenb.2017.0034
-
Leone, S., Recinella, L., Chiavaroli, A., Ferrante, C., Orlando, G., Vacca, M., Salvatori, R. and Brunetti, L., 2018. Behavioural phenotyping, learning and memory in young and aged growth hormone-releasing hormone-knockout mice. Endocrine Connections 7: 924-931. https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0165
-
Li, Y., Abdourahman, A., Tamm, J.A., Pehrson, A.L., Sánchez, C. and Gulinello, M., 2015. Reversal of age-associated cognitive deficits is accompanied by increased plasticity-related gene expression after chronic antidepressant administration in middle-aged mice. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 135: 70-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2015.05.013
-
Liu, J.J., Green, P., John Mann, J., Rapoport, S.I. and Sublette, M.E., 2015. Pathways of polyunsaturated fatty acid utilization: implications for brain function in neuropsychiatric health and disease. Brain Research 1597: 220-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.059
-
Livak, K.J. and Schmittgen, T.D., 2001. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 25: 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
-
Lourenco, M.V., Frozza, R.L., de Freitas, G.B., Zhang, H., Kincheski, G.C., Ribeiro, F.C., Goncalves, R.A., Clarke, J.R., Beckman, D., Staniszewski, A., Berman, H., Guerra, L.A., Forny-Germano, L., Meier, S., Wilcock, D.M., de Souza, J.M., Alves-Leon, S., Prado, V.F., Prado, M.A.M., Abisambra, J.F., Tovar-Moll, F., Mattos, P., Arancio, O., Ferreira, S.T. and De Felice, F.G., 2019. Exercise-linked FNDC5/irisin rescues synaptic plasticity and memory defects in Alzheimer’s models. Nature Medicine 25: 165-175. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-018-0275-4
-
Lubin, F.D., Roth, T.L. and Sweatt, J.D., 2008. Epigenetic regulation of BDNF gene transcription in the consolidation of fear memory. Journal of Neuroscience 28: 10576-10586. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1786-08.2008
-
Mandolesi, L., Polverino, A., Montuori, S., Foti, F., Ferraioli, G., Sorrentino, P. and Sorrentino, G., 2018. Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning and wellbeing: biological and psychological benefits. Frontiers in Psychology 9: 509. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00509
-
Meeusen, R., 2014. Exercise, nutrition and the brain. Sports Medicine 44 Suppl. 1: S47-S56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0150-5
-
Mezadri, T.J., Batista, G.M., Portes, A.C., Marino-Neto, J. and Lino-de-Oliveira, C., 2011. Repeated rat-forced swim test: reducing the number of animals to evaluate gradual effects of antidepressants. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 195: 200-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.12.015
-
Miranda, M., Morici, J.F., Zanoni, M.B. and Bekinschtein, P., 2019. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: a key molecule for memory in the healthy and the pathological brain. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 13: 363-363. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00363
-
Mucci Dde, B., Fernandes, F.S., Souza Ados, S., Sardinha, F.L., Soares-Mota, M. and Tavares do Carmo, M., 2015. Flaxseed mitigates brain mass loss, improving motor hyperactivity and spatial memory, in a rodent model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids 97: 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2015.03.001
-
Naghshvarian, M., Zarrindast, M.R., Mehr, S.E., Ommati, M.M. and Sajjadi, S.F., 2017. Effect of exercise and morphine on psychological and physical dependencies, BDNF and TrkB gene expression in rat’s hippocampus. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 33: 603-609. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.333.12342
-
Numakawa, T., 2014. Possible protective action of neurotrophic factors and natural compounds against common neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regeneration Research 9: 1506-1508. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.139474
-
Numakawa, T., Odaka, H. and Adachi, N., 2017. Actions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glucocorticoid stress in neuro-genesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112312
-
Phillips, C., 2017. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depression, and physical activity: making the neuroplastic connection. Neural Plasticity 2017: 7260130. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7260130
-
Rahmati-Ahmadabad, S., Azarbayjani, M.A., Farzanegi, P. and Moradi, L., in press. High-intensity interval training has a greater effect on reverse cholesterol transport elements compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in obese male rats. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319887828
-
Saraulli, D., Costanzi, M., Mastrorilli, V. and Farioli-Vecchioli, S., 2017. The long run: neuroprotective effects of physical exercise on adult neurogenesis from youth to old age. Current Neuropharmacology 15: 519-533. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X14666160412150223
-
Shirvani, H., Rahmati-Ahmadabad, S., Broom, D.R. and Mirnejad, R., 2019. Eccentric resistance training and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid affects muscle PGC-1alpha expression and serum irisin, nesfatin-1 and resistin in rats. Journal of Experimental Biology 222: jeb198424. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198424
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 593 | 163 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 28 | 0 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 32 | 0 | 0 |
Effects of high-intensity interval training and flaxseed oil supplement on learning, memory and immobility: relationship with BDNF and TrkB genes
In: Comparative Exercise PhysiologySearch for other papers by S. Rahmati-Ahmadabad in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M.-A. Azarbayjani in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by D.R. Broom in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M. Nasehi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
This study examined the independent and combined effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and flaxseed oil supplementation on cognitive/executive functions in middle-aged rats. Hippocampal neurotropic brain factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) gene expression were also measured. Animals were randomly divided into groups including no exercise control and saline (CS), no exercise control and flaxseed oil supplement (CF), exercise training-and saline (TS) and exercise training and flaxseed oil supplement (TF). The training groups undertook a program of HIIT (10 weeks, five sessions per week) and the supplement groups received flaxseed oil supplement (300 mg/kg). The results showed that HIIT and flaxseed oil supplementation independently had positive effects on memory and learning (P<0.05). HIIT and flaxseed oil independently decreased immobility behaviour and increased hippocampal BDNF and TrkB genes expression (P<0.05). HIIT and flaxseed oil combination had a greater effect on some variables (hippocampal TrkB gene expression, memory and immobility) compared to each intervention alone (P<0.05). In conclusion, HIIT and flaxseed oil can independently improve cognitive/executive functions. In addition, HIIT had a greater positive effect than flaxseed oil supplementation on memory and immobility. The combination of HIIT and flaxseed oil supplement had a more positive effect compared to each intervention alone on memory, and immobility. Hippocampal BDNF gene expression did not significantly differ in the combination or independent groups. Thus, future work is needed on several other genes in different segments of the brain to find the additive-mechanisms involved in memory and immobility regulation and younger and older species of rat should be examined.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 593 | 163 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 28 | 0 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 32 | 0 | 0 |
