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Effects of probiotic bacteria on mucosal polyamines levels in dogs with IBD and colonic polyps: a preliminary study

in Beneficial Microbes
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G. Rossi School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024 Macerata (MC), Italy.

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M. Cerquetella School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024 Macerata (MC), Italy.

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S. Scarpona School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024 Macerata (MC), Italy.

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G. Pengo Clinic ‘St. Antonio’, Strada Statale 415, km 38,50, 26020 Madignano (CR), Italy.

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K. Fettucciari Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1-8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.

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G. Bassotti Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Menghini 1, 06156 San Sisto, Italy.

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A.E. Jergens College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Dr., Ames, IA 50010, USA.

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J.S. Suchodolski Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, 4474 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

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Spermine (SPM) and its precursor putrescine (PUT), regulated by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and diamino-oxidase (DAO), are polyamines required for cell growth and proliferation. Only a few studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory and tumour inhibitory properties of probiotics on mucosal polyamine levels. We investigated the effects of a high concentration multistrain probiotic for human use on colonic polyamine biosynthesis in dogs. Histological sections (inflammatory bowel disease, n=10; polyposis, n=5) were assessed after receiving 112 to 225×109 lyophilised bacteria daily for 60 days at baseline (T0) and 30 days after treatment end (T90). Histology scores, expression of PUT, SPM, ODC and DAO, and a clinical activity index (CIBDAI) were compared at T0 and T90. In polyps, cellular proliferation (Ki-67 expression), and apoptosis (caspase-3 protein expression) were also evaluated. After treatment, in inflammatory bowel disease significant decreases were observed for CIBDAI (P=0.006) and histology scores (P<0.001); PUT, SPM and ODC expression increased (P<0.01). In polyps, a significant decrease in polyamine levels, ODC activity, and Ki-67, and a significant increase in caspase-3 positivity and DAO expression (P=0.005) was noted. Our results suggest potential anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the probiotic mixture in polyps and inflammation, associated with reduced mucosal infiltration and up-regulation of PUT, SPM, and ODC levels.

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